谁能告诉我英语的直接引语和间接引语的定义和如何转换？

Question

用大白话说。别太难懂。傻瓜级别。越详细越好

Answer 1

直接引语与间接引语之间的转换
一、人称变化
口诀：一从主、二从宾、三不变。
例：He said to Tom,“I can help you.” ☞ He said to Tom that he could help him.
He said to her,“You can help them.” ☞ He told her that she could help them.
He said to Tom,“They can help you.” ☞ He told Tom that they could help him.
二、时态变化
如果主句为过去的某种时态，则间接引语的时态相应向前推一个时态。
①一般现在时☞一般过去时
Tina said,“I usually get up at six.”☞ Tina said she usually got up at six.
②一般过去时☞过去完成时
Martin told me,“I rang Alice yesterday.”☞ Martin told me that he had rung Alice the day before.
③现在进行时☞过去进行时
Rose told me,“Lisa is studying English.” ☞ Rose told me that Lisa was studying English.
④一般将来时☞过去将来时
Sally said to me,“I will see you tomorrow.” ☞ Sally said to me that she would see me the next day.
⑤现在完成时☞过去完成时
Jack said,“I have finished my homework.” ☞ Jack said that he had finished his homework.
⑥过去完成时☞过去完成时
Peter told me,“I had worked here for years before I moved out.”
☞ Peter told me that he had worked here for years before he moved out.
注意：以下四种情况不需要变换时态
①直接引语有确定的过去时间：
Tom said,“The story took place in the 1930s.” ☞ Tom said that the story took place in the 1930s.
②所转述的动作或状态在说话时仍在继续，并对此点加以强调时：
The reporter said,“The rain is now still on.” ☞ The reporter said the rain is now still on.
③所转述的是自然现象、科学真理、名言警句等，并对此加以强调：
Our English teacher said,“A good beginning is half done.”
☞ Our English teacher said that a good beginning is half done
④直接引语是习惯性动作：
Billy said,“I usually get up at 5:30 and go to school at 7:00.”
☞ Billy said that he usually gets up at 5:30 and goes to school at 7:00.
三、情态动词变化
①can ☞ could
Jack asked his teacher,“Can I turn in the homework tomorrow?”
☞ Jack asked his teacher if he could turn in the homework the next day.
②must ☞ had to,must
Lucy told Lily,“You must get out of here.” ☞ Lucy told Lily that she must get out of here.
③will ☞ would
Tom said,“I will be there tomorrow.” ☞ Tom said that he would be there the next day.
④may ☞ might
Amy said,“I may go to school.” ☞ Amy said that she might go to school.
⑤shall ☞ should
Scott said,“Shall I go with the family?” ☞ Scott said that if he should go with his family.
四、时间状语变化
now ☞ then today ☞ that day this evening ☞ that evening yesterday ☞ the day before
yesterday morning ☞ the morning before last night ☞ the night before two days ago ☞ two days before
next week ☞ the next week/the following week tomorrow ☞ the next day/the following day
the day before yesterday ☞ two days before the day after tomorrow ☞ in two days time/two days after

Answer 2

按我们老师讲的说吧。
1陈述句时，用that可省略
2一般疑问句，用if或whether,我常用if
3特殊疑问句，用疑问词，比如what
4当主句是一般现在时，从句可以用任何时态
5当主句是一般过去时，从句用相应的过去式
6人称变化规律：一主二宾三不变，就是从句中第一人称变化时和主句的主语一样，第二人称变化时随宾语，第三人称变化时不变
7当直接引语表诉的内容是客观真理时，从句都用一般现在时
8祈使句时，用tell sb to do sth

Answer 3

直接引语就是主观阐述的一句话。。。 就是带冒号引号的一句话。。。 间接引语就是以第三方作为事件的阐述。。。简单来说直接改间接就是从主观提出的句子。。包括疑问句感叹句 改成第三方叙述的陈述句型。。。。然后注意时态一致 。。。。。

Answer 4

就我自己的理解来说，直接引语就是一般有双引号的话，间接引语一般就是有什么she said 之类的话。转换就是变人称、变时间状语、变动词形态，而关于这三点没别的方法，背那些老师教的时间状语的转换方式、根据实际和自己的理解进行转换、注意出题者有可能的陷阱（一般时间状语的陷阱多啊）。大致就这样了