高手进!!!关于不定式作定语时介词前置:介词+which/whom+不定式

关于不定式作定语时介词前置:“介词+which/whom+不定式” 结构的问题

1.当作定语的不定式中的介词前置时,不定式与被修饰词之间是动宾关系还是动状关系?
2.当作定语的不定式为“to+及物动词+介词”时,介词可不可以前置,变成“介词+which/whom+to+及物动词”的结构?如果可以前置,请写出例句。谢谢!

1.当作定语的不定式中的介词前置时,不定式与被修饰词之间是动宾关系还是动状关系?
答:I have a pen to write with。
您想问的是这个句子中动词不定式结构作什么成分的问题吧?
首先,这个动词不定式结构:to write with和pen这个逻辑宾语形成的是动宾关系,
当然还有另一个理解的角度,也就是把to write +with划分,
那么,动词不定式to write和with the pen 当然是动宾关系了。
这个应该没疑惑了吧?
2.当作定语的不定式为“to+及物动词+介词”时,介词可不可以前置,变成“介词+which/whom+to+及物动词”的结构?如果可以前置,请写出例句。谢谢!
答:总感觉您的问题没表述清楚,您是想表达:
1、to+及物动词+介词 或是2、to+不及物动词+介词”
如果是前者,那么表述出现问题了,因为及物动词通常需要宾语,是吧?
那么自然也没有,您后面的疑惑就是没有根据了;
如果是后者,那么,是可以的,比如:
He has a shop to work in 可以改成:He has a shop in which to work。
但是要注意,这个拆分的方法不适用于固定词组中,如look for 寻找、go through经历等只有
组合才能表达所需的意思,所以不建议拆分。
希望能帮到您,有问题欢迎追问,继续交流
温馨提示:答案为网友推荐,仅供参考
第1个回答  2012-03-04
你是指带介词的不定式短语做后置修饰语吧?

如:It is not a tent in which to spend the night before we rise in the morning to go on to some other place.. 这个句子可以用定语从句改写
= It is not a tent in which we can spend the night before we rise in the morning to go on to some other place.

the bad people had fewer and fewer empty buildings to hang out in.
=…the bad people had fewer and fewer empty buildings in which they could hang out.

不定式短语作名词短语的修饰语( 即定语),通常放在它所修饰的名词短语之后,也就是说,它通常充当名词短语的后置修饰语。当不定式短语和它所修饰的名词短语之间的关系需要通过介词来起中介作用时,不定式短语的末尾就必须有一个合适的介词

再给你几个句子:
Let’s find some chairs to sit in. 我们找几把椅子坐下吧。
What they need most now is a house to live in. 他们目前最需要的是有房子可住。
In the library we have many books to choose from. 图书馆里有许多书可供选择。
You need first to find some tools to clean the toilet with. 首先你必须找几样工具来打扫厕所。
The nurse has eight patients to look after. 这个护士要照顾八个病人。

有时,为了避免句子以介词收尾,可把介词前移,使之紧跟被修饰的名词短语。这时,介词后必须用一个关系代词(relative pronoun),如which, whom等。又如:
Let’s find some chairs in which to sit.
What they need most now is a house in which to live.
In the library we have many books from which to choose.
You need first to find some tools with which to clean the toilet.

请注意,把介词前移再加关系代词的用法只适用于动词与介词的关系较松散的情况。如果动词与介词的关系较紧密,从而形成了固定的短语动词,则用以介词收尾的结构比较合适。例如:
There is nothing to worry about. 没什么可担心的。
[误] There is nothing about which to worry.
The nurse has eight patients to look after. 这个护士要照顾八个病人。
[误] The nurse has eight patients after whom to look.

希望帮到你。
相似回答