一段英文翻译成中文~~~~~~~100分啊~~~~~~~~~

Question

1. Maturity
The drastic transformation from isolated centrally planned to internationally open market economy has occurred so fast that the change in the mindset and the adaptation of new modern business practice is still in the process of maturation．Symptoms of this lack of maturity are visible in the aspects of methodology,taking of responsibilities，and job retention．The methodological issues include the lack of structured processes and procedures which are often tried to be compensated by temporary rough—and—ready solutions．Responsibilities and accountabilities are often abandoned and the sense for urgency in certain situations appeared underdeveloped． Finally,lower job retention and loyalty was considered as big and costly issue in China．While western companies avoid job hoppers，the talent scarcity on the one side and the pursuit of higher salaries on the other side made job hopping so common that it lost its negative image．
2 Management skills
The lack of competent mid to senior level managers has been always an issue in Chinese enterprises．The challenges include the aspects of general competency as well as project and people management．Many managers in China had started their career as worker and were gradually promoted to higher positions in the hierarchy．However,in many aspects of management，experiences hardly compensate missing educational foundation．In China，modern project management has been still not recognized as a profession．Therefore，critical business
ventures are often handed over to someone lacking the expertise and experience to oversee the whole project and ensure that all deliverables are meeting the stipulated quality and dead lines．The traditional education and work environment of state owned enterprises have also complicated the development of effective ways to motivate and handle people which are one of the most critical abilities of a manager.

这是一篇关于企业人才管理的论文中的一段。我做毕业设计急等着用。所以出高分，请各位高手们帮忙翻译成中文。语句要通顺，不要把机器翻译的直接贴上来哦~~最好明天能做出来。只要有合适的我马上就采纳给分。就这一两天的时间。所以得分很快哦~~各位高手们抓紧时间争取得分啦~~~先谢谢了~~~

Answer 1

. Maturity
成熟
The drastic transformation from isolated centrally planned to internationally open market economy has occurred so fast that the change in the mindset and the adaptation of new modern business practice is still in the process of maturation．
这种从计划经济到对外开放经济的强烈转变来得如此迅猛，以至于直到现在，国人对这种新兴的现代化的商业操作模式的适应力和思维习惯仍处于走向成熟的阶段。
Symptoms of this lack of maturity are visible in the aspects of methodology,taking of responsibilities，and job retention．The methodological issues include the lack of structured processes and procedures which are often tried to be compensated by temporary rough—and—ready solutions．
在方法学，责任引入和不换岗等反面， 人们面对这种环境时的缺乏成熟的一面便表现了出来

Responsibilities and accountabilities are often abandoned and the sense for urgency in certain situations appeared underdeveloped．
责任与义务往往被人们弃之不顾，而且 在一些领域，人缺少紧迫感
Finally,lower job retention and loyalty was considered as big and costly issue in China．
结果，频繁的换岗和忠诚度低成为了中国严重而代价高昂的问题

While western companies avoid job hoppers，the talent scarcity on the one side and the pursuit of higher salaries on the other side made job hopping so common that it lost its negative image．
正当西方的公司（因跳槽是不忠诚的表现）拒绝跳槽者， 国内却因为人才紧缺和求职者对高新的追求而使跳槽现象十分普遍，以至于抹去了跳槽给人的负面印象

2 Management skills
管理方法
The lack of competent mid to senior level managers has been always an issue in Chinese enterprises．
在中国的企业中， 缺乏中层和高层的管理人员一直都是一个重要问题。
The challenges include the aspects of general competency as well as project and people management．
这种职位不仅要求管理者要有综合能你，还有求管理者具有项目管理能力和人事能力
Many managers in China had started their career as worker and were gradually promoted to higher positions in the hierarchy．
在中国，很多经理都是从基层做起，一点一点被提拔上来的
However,in many aspects of management，experiences hardly compensate missing educational foundation．
然而，在很多方面，经验是无法弥补教育上的不足的。
In China，modern project management has been still not recognized as a profession．
在中国，现代项目管理仍么又被当成一门职业
Therefore，critical business
ventures are often handed over to someone lacking the expertise and experience to oversee the whole project and ensure that all deliverables are meeting the stipulated quality and dead lines．
因此，重大的商业风险项目往往被交给缺乏专业知识和经验的人， 而这些人无法从全局召眼来保证所有各交付的产品都能符合规定的质量要求并在规定的时间内交付。
The traditional education and work environment of state owned enterprises have also complicated the development of effective ways to motivate and handle people which are one of the most critical abilities of a manager.
找出有效的方法来激励和管理员工是一个管理者最重要的能力之一，而国有企业的传统教育方式和工作环境确使得这种能力复杂化了

因为你是用在论文里，所以有些话是意译的（为了表已明确）。希望没影响。

Answer 2

还是自己用翻译字典翻译
这样可以对你自己的理解能力增强
这样可以加深影响`````
如果这样的话
还不如不要翻译
因为这样没用的
还是自己多看看字典这样就会对学习有帮助
以后记住了多忘不了

1 。成熟
急剧转型，从孤立的中央计划经济向国际开放的市场经济发生了如此之快，这种变化在心态和适应新的现代企业的做法，仍然是在这一过程中maturation.symptoms缺乏这种成熟的是在有形方面方法论，采取的责任，和就业retention.the方法问题包括：缺乏有条理的过程和程序，这往往是试图获得赔偿的临时粗糙和准备solutions.responsibilities和问责制，往往被遗弃和责任感，紧迫感，为在某些欠发达的情况下出现。最后，较低的保留工作和忠诚，被视为大和昂贵的问题在china.while西方国家的公司，避免就业蝗蝻，人才稀缺，对一个方面和追求更高的薪水就对方提出的工作，以便共同跳频它失去了它的负面形象。
2管理技巧
缺乏称职的中高层管理人员一直是一个问题在中国enterprises.the挑战包括方面的一般能力，以及工程和人民management.many经理在中国已开始他们的职业生涯，作为工人，并逐步晋升至较高职位，在hierarchy.however ，在许多方面的管理经验，难以补偿失踪教育foundation.in中国，现代项目管理已仍然不承认作为一个profession.therefore ，关键业务
企业往往是移交给某人缺乏专业知识和经验，来监督整个项目，并确保所有交付会议所规定的质量和死亡lines.the传统教育和工作的环境，国有企业也有复杂的发展的有效途径激励和处理人，这是其中一个最关键的能力的经理人。

Answer 3

1 。成熟的急剧转变，从孤立的中央计划经济向国际开放的市场经济发生了如此之快，这种变化在心态和适应新的现代企业的做法，仍然是在这一过程中maturation.symptoms缺乏这种成熟的是在有形方面的方法，采取责任，并保留工作。方法问题包括：缺乏有条理的过程和程序，这往往是试图获得赔偿的临时粗糙和准备solutions.responsibilities和问责制，往往被遗弃和责任感，紧迫感，为在某些情况下出现的欠发达。最后，较低的保留工作和忠诚被视为大和昂贵的问题在china.while西方国家的公司，避免就业蝗蝻，人才匮乏对一方和追求更高的薪水就对方提出的工作，以便共同跳频，它失去了它的负面形象。 2管理技能缺乏称职的中高层管理人员一直是一个问题在中国enterprises.the挑战包括方面一般的能力，以及项目和人民management.many经理在中国已开始他们的职业生涯，作为工人，并逐步晋升到更高的职位，在hierarchy.however ，在许多方面管理的经验，难以补偿失踪教育foundation.in中国，现代项目管理已仍然不承认作为一个profession.therefore ，关键的企业往往是移交给某人缺乏专业知识和经验，来监督整个项目，并确保所有交付是次会议上所规定的质量和死亡lines.the传统教育和工作的环境，国有企业也有复杂的发展的有效途径，调动和处理人，这是其中一个最关键的能力的经理人。

我已经尽力了~

Answer 4

1. 成熟
从中心封锁的计划经济到向国际性地开放自由市场经济的激烈的变形已经发生如此之快，以至头脑的改变和对现代商务的适应都处于趋于成熟的过程．我们可以在方法学，承担的责任和工作的保持,这些方面看到不成熟的症状．方法的议题包括缺乏结构化程序和时常被尝试被暂时潦草的解决补偿的程序．职责和义务总被抛弃，而且对于在特定紧急的情形下显示了现代商务不发达的程度．最后，降低工作保持力和忠贞被认为是在中国的重大和保贵的议题．当西方的公司正避免跳槽者（job hopper）的时候，人才的缺乏在另一边上的这一边和追求较高的薪水上使跳曹如此平常，因而它失去了它的消极面．
2 管理技术
能干中高层经理的缺乏是总是中国企业的一个议题．挑战包括一般能力的方面和计划和人事管理．在中国的许多经理从当工人开始他们的事业而且逐渐地被逐渐提升到组织的较高的位置了．然而,在管理的许多方面，经验很难补偿教育基础的缺失．在中国，仍然不认为现代的计划管理是一个职业．因此，关键的生意风险时常被交到缺乏专长和经验的人，让他监督整个的计划而且确定的某人所有的待送货物满足规定的质量和最后期限．传统的教育和工作环境主宰企业也使有效动机与经理这个关键人的发展方式变的复杂化。

我也刚完成毕业设计，自己也翻了两千字的文献，以上翻译基本准确。