å¨è¡¨ç¤ºèåçãä¸äºå®ç¸åçæé¾ä»¥å®ç°çæ
åµæ¶ç¨èæè¯æ°ï¼ èæè¯æ°
表示主è§æ¿æææç§å¼ºçæ
ææ¶ï¼ä¹ç¨èæè¯æ°ãå³å½ä¸ä¸ªäººè¯´è¯æ¶æ¬²å¼ºè°å
¶æ说çè¯æ¯åºäºèªå·±ç主è§æ³æ³ï¼æ¿æï¼åæ³ï¼çæµï¼æçæ建议ï¼èä¸æ¯æ ¹æ®å®¢è§å®é
ï¼å°±ç¨èæè¯æ°ã
ç¼è¾æ¬æ®µæ¡ä»¶ç¶è¯ä»å¥
æ¡ä»¶ç¶è¯ä»å¥åç±»
ããæ¡ä»¶å¥å¯å为两类ï¼ä¸ç±»ä¸ºçå®æ¡ä»¶å¥ï¼ä¸ç±»ä¸ºéçå®æ¡ä»¶å¥ãéçå®æ¡ä»¶å¥è¡¨ç¤ºçæ¯å设æå®é
å¯è½æ§ä¸å¤§çæ
åµï¼æ
éç¨èæè¯æ°ã ããè±è¯ï¼ ããIf he doesn't hurry up,he will miss the bus.å¦æä»ä¸å¿«ç¹ï¼ä»å°éè¿å·´å£«ã( çå®) ããIf he is free,he will ask me to tell stories.å¦æä»æ¯ç©ºé²çï¼ä»ä¼è¦æ±æ讲æ
äºãï¼çå®ï¼ ããIf I were you,I would go at once.å¦æææ¯ä½ ï¼æ马ä¸å°±ä¼å»ãï¼æä¸å¯è½æ¯ä½ ãéçå®ï¼èæè¯æ°ï¼ ããIf there were no air,people would die.å¦æ没æ空æ°ï¼äººå°±ä¼æ»äº¡ãï¼ä¸å¯è½æ²¡æ空æ°ãéçå®ï¼èæè¯æ°ï¼
ç¨æ³åå¨è¯å½¢å¼
ãã1ã表示ä¸ç°å¨äºå®ç¸åçæ
åµï¼ ããä»å¥ï¼If 主è¯+è¿å»æ¶(Beå¨è¯ç¨were) ãã主å¥ï¼ä¸»è¯+should/would/could/might+do ããegï¼ã ãã1ï¼If I were you,I would take an umbrella. ããå¦æææ¯ä½ ï¼æä¼å¸¦æä¼ãï¼äºå®ï¼æä¸å¯è½æ¯ä½ ï¼ ãã2ï¼If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you. ããå¦ææç¥éä»ççµè¯å·ç ï¼æå°±ä¼åè¯ä½ ãï¼äºå®ï¼ä¸ç¥éï¼ ãã3ï¼If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth. ããå¦æ没ææ°´å空æ°ï¼å°çä¸å°±ä¸ä¼æçç©ã(äºå®ï¼å°çä¸æ¢æ空æ°ä¹ææ°´) ãã4ï¼If I had any money with me,I could lend you some. ããå¦ææ带é±äºï¼æå°±ä¼åç»ä½ äºãï¼äºå®ï¼æ²¡æ带é±ï¼ ãã5ï¼If he studied harder,he might pass the exam. ããå¦æä»ååªåäºï¼å°±è½éè¿èè¯äºãï¼äºå®ï¼æ²¡æåªåï¼ ãã6ï¼she looked at me as if I had been a stranger. ãã她çæçæ ·å好åææ¯ä¸ä¸ªéç人ãï¼äºå®ï¼æ并ééç人ï¼ã ãã2ã表示ä¸è¿å»äºå®ç¸åçæ
åµ ããä»å¥ï¼If 主è¯+had+done ãã主å¥ï¼ä¸»è¯+should/would/could/might+have doneã ããegï¼ ãã1ï¼ If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her. å¦æææ©å°é£å¿ï¼æå°±ä¼è§å°å¥¹ã ããï¼äºå®ï¼å»æäºï¼ ãã2ï¼If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. å¦æä»å¬æçååçè¯ï¼å°±ä¸ä¼ç¯è¿æ ·çé误äºã ããï¼äºå®ï¼æ²¡æå¬æçè¯ï¼ ãã3ã表示对å°æ¥æ
åµç主è§æ¨æµ ããä»å¥ï¼â if+主è¯+were to do 主å¥ï¼â 主è¯+should/would/could/might+do ããâ¡if+主è¯+did/were â¡ä¸»è¯+should/would/could/might+doã ããâ¢if+主è¯+should+do â¢ä¸»è¯+should/would/could/might+doã ããegï¼ ãã1ï¼If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him. ããå¦æä»æ天æ¥è¿å¿çè¯ï¼æå°±è·ä»è°è°ãï¼äºå®ï¼æ¥çå¯è½æ§å¾å°ï¼ ãã2ï¼If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating. ããå¦æä¸å¨æ¥ä¸å¤§éªï¼æ们就ä¸è½å»æ»å°äºãï¼äºå®ï¼ä¸éªå¯è½æ§å¾å°ï¼ ãã3ï¼If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the matter. ããå¦æ她ä¸å¨ä¸æ¥è¿å¿çè¯ï¼æå°±ä¼åè¯å¥¹è¿ä»¶äºçå§æ«ãï¼äºå®ï¼æ¥çå¯è½æ§å¾å°ï¼ ãã4ã ææ¶ï¼èææ¡ä»¶å¥ä¸ï¼ç»æ主å¥åæ¡ä»¶ä»å¥çè°è¯å¨ä½è¥ä¸æ¯åæ¶åçæ¶ï¼èæè¯æ°çå½¢å¼åºä½ç¸åºçè°æ´ãè¿ç§æ¡ä»¶å¥å«é综æ¡ä»¶å¥ã ããâ ä»å¥çå¨ä½ä¸è¿å»äºå®ç¸åï¼è主å¥çå¨ä½ä¸ç°å¨æç°å¨æ£å¨åççäºå®ä¸ç¬¦ã ããegï¼ ããIf I had worked hard at school,I would be an engineer,too. ããå¦ææå¨å¦æ ¡å¦ä¹ å»è¦çè¯ï¼æç°å¨ä¹ä¼æ为ä¸ä¸ªå·¥ç¨å¸äº ããIf they had informed us,we would not come here now. ããå¦æä»ä»¬éç¥è¿æ们çè¯ï¼æ们ç°å¨å°±ä¸ä¼æ¥è¿éäºã ããâ¡ä»å¥çå¨ä½ä¸ç°å¨äºå®ç¸åï¼è主å¥çå¨ä½ä¸è¿å»äºå®ä¸ç¬¦ã ããå¦ï¼ ããIf he were free today,we would have sent him to Beijing. ããå¦æä»ä»å¤©æ空çè¯ï¼æ们ä¼å·²ç»æ´¾ä»å»å京äºã ããIf he knew her,he would have greeted her. ããè¦æ¯ä»è®¤è¯å¥¹çè¯ï¼ä»è¯å®ä¼å»é®å她äºã ãã5ã å½èææ¡ä»¶å¥çè°è¯å¨è¯å«æwere,should,hadæ¶ï¼ifå¯ä»¥çç¥ï¼è¿æ¶æ¡ä»¶ä»å¥è¦ç¨åè£
è¯åºï¼å³æwere,should,hadçè¯ç½®äºå¥é¦ï¼è¿ç§å¤ç¨äºä¹¦é¢è¯ãegï¼ ããShould he agree to go there,we would send him there. ããè¦æ¯ä»çåºå»çè¯ï¼æ们就派ä»å»ã ããWere she here,she would agree with us. ããå¦æ她å¨è¿å¿çè¯ï¼å¥¹ä¼åææ们çã ããHad he learnt about computers,we would have hired him to work here. ããå¦æä»æä¸äºçµèç¥è¯çè¯ï¼æ们已ç»èç¨ä»æ¥è¿éå·¥ä½äºã ãã6ãéçå®æ¡ä»¶å¥ä¸çæ¡ä»¶ä»å¥ææ¶ä¸è¡¨è¾¾åºæ¥ï¼åªæå«å¨å¯è¯ãä»è¯çè¯ãä¸ä¸ææå
¶ä»æ¹å¼è¡¨ç¤ºåºæ¥ï¼è¿ç§å¥åå«åå«èæ¡ä»¶å¥ï¼å¨å¤æ°æ
åµä¸ï¼æ¡ä»¶ä¼æå«å¨çè¯ä¸ï¼å¦withoutâ¦ï¼but forâ¦ç ããegï¼ ããBut for his help,we would be working now. ããè¦ä¸æ¯ä»ç帮å©ï¼æ们è¿ä¼å¨å·¥ä½å¢ã ããWithout your instruction,I would not have made such great progress. ããè¦æ¯æ²¡æä½ çæ导ï¼æä¸ä¼åå¾å¦æ¤å¤§çè¿æ¥ã ããWe didn't know his telephone number,otherwise we would have telephoned him. ããæ们ä¸ç¥éä»ççµè¯å·ç ï¼å¦åæ们就ä¼ç»ä»æçµè¯ã ãã7ã ææ¶ï¼èææ¡ä»¶å¥ä¸ï¼ä¸»ãä»å¥å¯ä»¥çç¥å
¶ä¸çä¸ä¸ªï¼æ¥è¡¨ç¤ºè¯´è¯äººçä¸ç§å¼ºççææ
ã ããâ çç¥ä»å¥ ããHe would have finished it. ä»æ¬è¯¥å®æäºã ããYou could have passed this exam. ä½ æ¬è½éè¿è¿æ¬¡èè¯çã ããâ¡çç¥ä¸»å¥ ããIf I were at home now. è¦æ¯æç°å¨å¨å®¶é该å¤å¥½åã ããIf only I had got it. è¦æ¯åªææå¾å°å®äºè¯¥å¤å¥½åã ãã8.注æï¼å¨èæè¯æ°çä»å¥ä¸ï¼å¨è¯beçè¿å»æ¶æä¸å¾ç¨wereï¼ä¸ç¨wasã ããegï¼If I were you,I would go to look for him. ããå¦æææ¯ä½ ï¼å°±ä¼å»æ¾ä»ã
ç¼è¾æ¬æ®µåç±»ç¨æ³
wish å宾è¯ä»å¥
ããaã表示ä¸ç°å¨äºå®ç¸åçæ¿æï¼è°è¯å¨è¯ç¨è¿å»å¼ ããeg. I wish I had your brains. ããæå¸æææä½ é£æ ·ç头èã(äºå®ï¼ææ ¹æ¬æ¯ä¸ä¸ä½ ) ããbã表示ä¸è¿å»äºå®ç¸åçæ¿æï¼è°è¯å¨è¯ï¼had+done ããeg:.I wish I had known the truth of the matter. ããæå¸ææé£æ¶å°±ç¥éè¿ä»¶äºæ
ççç¸ãï¼äºå®ï¼é£æ¶è¿ä¸ç¥éï¼ ããcã表示å°æ¥é¾ä»¥å®ç°çæ¿æ ããè°è¯å¨è¯ï¼should/wouldï¼æ
æå¨è¯ï¼ + å¨è¯åå½¢ ããeg. I wish I should have a chance again. ããæå¸ææè¿è½æä¸æ¬¡è¿æ ·çæºä¼ãï¼äºå®ï¼å¾é¾åæè¿æ ·çæºä¼äºï¼ ãã(注ï¼if onlyå¼å¯¼çæå¹å¥åas if/as thoughå¼å¯¼çç¶è¯ä»å¥ä¹æç¸åç¨æ³ï¼
ç®çç¶è¯ä»å¥
ãã1ãå¨for fear that,in case,lestå¼å¯¼çä»å¥ä¸ï¼è¥ç¨èæè¯æ°æ¶ï¼ä»å¥è°è¯ä¸ºï¼should + doãå¹¶ä¸ shouldè½çç¥ ããShe examined the door again for fear that a thief (should) come in. ãã她åæé¨æ£æ¥äºä¸éï¼ä»¥é²çè´¼çè¿å
¥ã ããHe started out earlier lest he (should) be late. ããä»æ©æ©çå°±åºåäºä»¥é²è¿å°ã ãã2ãå¨so that,in order thatæå¼å¯¼çç®çç¶è¯ä»å¥ä¸ï¼ä»å¥ä¸çè°è¯ä¸ºï¼can / could / may / might / will / would / should + doã ããHe goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer. ä»èµ°è¿è¯´è¯ç人以便è½å¬å¾æ´æ¸
æ¥ã ããHe read the letter carefully in order that he should not miss a word. ä»æ信读å¾å¾ä»ç»ä»¥ä¾¿ä¸æ¼æä¸ä¸ªåã
å
¶ä»ç¨æ³
ãã1ãä¸æ³è¦(desireä¸å®æ¿(prefer)ä¸åæï¼insistï¼äºå½ä»¤(order. command)ä¸å»ºè®®(advise. suggest. propose/recommend)åè¦æ±(demand. require. request. ask)ä¸ï¼æ 论主å¥è°è¯å¨è¯ä¸ºä½ç§æ¶æï¼ä»å¥çè°è¯å¨è¯é½ç¨ï¼"should + do"ãshouldå¯ä»¥çç¥ãegï¼ ããHe suggestedthat we (should) take the teacher's advice. ããHe insisted that we (should) take the teacher's advice. ããHe demand that we (should) take the teacher's advice. ããHe ordered that we (should) take the teacher's advice. ããinsistæ为âåææç§å¨ä½âæç¨èæè¯æ°ï¼æ为âåææç§è§ç¹ï¼æ个äºå®âåä¸ç¨èæè¯æ°ã ããegï¼ ããHe insists he is a student. ããä»åæ说ä»æ¯ä¸ªå¦çã ããè¿ä¸ªè¯å¥è¡¨ç¤ºçæ¯äºå®ï¼å æ¤å¨è¿ä¸ªè¯å¥ä¸ä¸è½ä½¿ç¨èæè¯æ°ã ããsuggestæ为â建议âæç¨èæè¯æ°ï¼æ为âæ示âåä¸ç¨èæè¯æ°ã ããegï¼ ããHis face suggests that he looks worried . ããä»ç表æ
æå«çä»å¾æ
å¿ã ããè¿ä¸ªå¥åæ¬èº«æ¯äºå®ï¼å æ¤å®å°±æ²¡æç¨å°èæè¯æ°ã ãã2ã表æ
绪.è§ç¹ç形容è¯æåè¯ä¹è¦ç¨èæè¯æ°.å¦ï¼necessaryãimportantãimpossibleãnaturalãstrangeãsurprisingãfunnyãrightãwrongãbetterãa pity ,the shame ,no wanderçã ããå¥åï¼It is.......that +主è¯ä»å¥ï¼ä»å¥çè°è¯å¨è¯é½è¦ç¨should+åå æåªç¨å¨è¯ååã ããeg: ããDo you think it is necessary that he (should)not be sent to Lingbao. ããIt is strange that such a person should be our friend. ããå¥æªçæ¯è¿æ ·ä¸ä¸ªäººä¼æ为æ们çæåã ãã注ï¼è¿ä¸ç¹è¿æ²¡æåç¡®ç说æ³ï¼å¸æåå¿äººè½æè¿ç¹è¡¥å
å®å
¨ã ãã3ã å¨even if,even though æå¼å¯¼ç让æ¥ç¶è¯ä»å¥ä¸ç¨may/might+å¨è¯åå½¢ï¼may/mightå¯ä»¥çç¥ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºä¸ç°å¨ç¸åçæ
åµï¼ä»å¥ç¨è¿å»å®ææ¶ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºä¸è¿å»ç¸åçæ
åµï¼ç±»ä¼¼çè¯æthough/even though/whatever/however/so long as; 主å¥ãä»å¥çç»æä¸ifæå¼å¯¼çæ¡ä»¶ä»å¥ç»æç¸åã ããegï¼ ããEven if he were here himself,he should not know what to do. ããå³ä½¿ä»äº²èªæ¥ä¹ä¸ç¥è¯¥æä¹åãï¼äºå®ï¼ä»æ²¡æ¥ï¼ ããNobody could save him even though Hua Tuo should come here. ããå³ä½¿åä½å¨ä¸ä¹æä¸äºä»ãï¼äºå®ï¼åä½ä¸å¨ä¸ï¼ ãã4ã å¨whateverï¼whicheverï¼wheneverï¼whoever,whereverï¼however,no matter wh-çå¼å¯¼ç让æ¥ç¶è¯ä»å¥ä¸ï¼ä»å¥èæè¯æ°ç»æä¸ºï¼ ããæç°å¨æå°æ¥ï¼may +doã ããegï¼ ããWe will finish it on time no matter what may happen. ããä¸ç®¡åçä»ä¹äºï¼æ们é½è¦ææ¶å®æã ããWe will find him wherever he may be. ããæ 论ä»å¨åªéï¼æ们é½è¦æ¾å°ä»ã ããI will wait for him no matter how late he may come. ããä¸ç®¡ä»æ¥çå¤ä¹æï¼æé½ä¼çä»ã ããæè¿å»ï¼may +have done ã ããegï¼ ããYou mustn't be proud whatever great progress you may have made. ããä¸ç®¡ä½ åå¾äºå¤ä¹å¤§çè¿æ¥ï¼ä½ ä¹ä¸è½éªå²ã ããWe must respect him no matter what mistakes he may have made. ããä¸ç®¡ä»ç¯è¿ä»ä¹é误ï¼æ们å¿
é¡»å°æ¬ä»ã ãã5ãä¸è¬would rather,had rather,would soonerçä¹åç宾è¯ä»å¥å¸¸è¡¨ç¤ºä¸å®¢è§äºå®ä¸ç¸ç¬¦çä¸ç§æ¿æï¼æ
使ç¨èæè¯æ°ãå
¶èæè¯æ°çç»æä¸ºï¼ ããè¿å» had + doneã ããç°å¨ è¿å»æ¶(be ç¨were ) ããå°æ¥ è¿å»æ¶(be ç¨were ) ï¼would ratherå°æ¥æ
åµç¨ä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶ï¼ ããegï¼ ããI'd rather you had seen the film yesterday. ããæåæ³ä½ æ¨å¤©çè¿äºè¿åºçµå½±ã ããI'd rather you were here now. ããæåæ³ä½ ç°å¨å¨è¿å¿ã ããWe'd rather you went here tomorrow. ããæ们åæ³ä½ æ天å»é£å¿ ãã注ï¼æ³¨æwould ratherï¼had ratherï¼would soonerçç»å¾®å·®å«ï¼å¯ä»¥ç¾åº¦ä¸ä¸æ¥æ¥ã ãã6ãèæè¯æ°è¿å¯ç¨å¨å®è¯ä»å¥ä¸ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºï¼âæ©è¯¥åæäºäºâæ¶ï¼å®è¯ä»å¥ä¸çè°è¯å¨è¯é¡»ç¨èæè¯æ°ï¼å
¶èæè¯æ°çç»æ为ï¼It is (high / about) time that + 主è¯+ å¨è¯çè¿å»å¼/ should + doï¼ä¼å
使ç¨å¨è¯è¿å»å¼ï¼ï¼å³ä»å¥ç¨èæè¿å»å¼ã ããIt is time that I went to pick up my daughter at school. ããæ该å»å¦æ ¡æ¥æç女å¿äºã ããIt is high time you should go to work. ããä½ æ©è¯¥ä¸çäºã ãã7ã ç®åå¥ä¸çèæè¯æ° ããï¼1ï¼ è¯´è¯æ¶ï¼ä¸ºäºè¡¨ç¤ºå®¢æ°ãè°¦èãå§å©èæ礼è²ï¼è¨è¯å¸¸ä½¿ç¨èæè¯æ°ãå
¶èæè¯æ°çç»æå½¢å¼å¸¸ä¸ºï¼would / could / might / should +doã ããegï¼ ããWould you mind me shutting the door? ããä½ ä»æææé¨å
³èµ·æ¥åï¼ ããYou should always learn this lesson by heart. ããä½ è¦æè¿ä¸ªæè®ç¢è®°äºå¿ã ããI should agree with you. ããææ¬è¯¥åæä½ çè§ç¹ãï¼å§å©çä¸åæï¼ ããï¼2ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºâç¥æ¿âæ¶ï¼å¸¸ç¨may + 主è¯+ doã ããegï¼ ããMay you have a good journey! ããç¥ä½ ä¸è·¯é¡ºé£ã ããMay your youth last for ever! ããç¥ä½ éæ¥æ°¸é©»ã ããï¼3ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºå¼ºççâæ¿æâãâç¥æ¿âæ¶ï¼å¸¸ç¨doã ããegï¼ ããLong live the Communist Party of China. ããä¸å½å
±äº§å
ä¸å²ã ããGod bless us. ããä¸å¸ä¿ä½ã ããï¼4ï¼ä¹ æ¯è¡¨è¾¾ä¸å¸¸ç¨çèæè¯æ°ã ããâ æåºè¯·æ±æé请ãegï¼ ããWould you like to have a talk with us this evening? ããä»å¤©æä¸æ¥è·æ们è天好åï¼ ããCould I use your bike now? ããæå¯ä»¥ç¨ä¸ä¸ä½ çå车åï¼ ããâ¡ éè¿°èªå·±çè§ç¹æçæ³ãegï¼ ããI should glad to meet you. ããè§å°ä½ æä¼å¾é«å
´ã ããI would try my best to help you. ããæä¼å°½å帮å©ä½ ã ããâ¢æåºååæ建议ãegï¼ ããYou'd better ask your father first. ããä½ æ好å
é®ä¸é®ä½ çç¶äº²ã ããYou should make a full investigation of it first. ããä½ åºè¯¥å
å
¨é¢è°æ¥ä¸çªã ãã⣠æåºé®é¢ãegï¼ ããDo you think he could get here on time ããä½ è®¤ä¸ºä»è½ææ¶æ¥åï¼ ããDo you expect he would tell us the truth? ããä½ ææä»ä¼åè¯æ们çç¸åï¼ ããâ¤è¡¨ç¤ºå¯¹è¿å»æ
åµçè´£å¤æ¶ï¼å¸¸ç¨èæè¯æ°ãå
¶èæè¯æ°çç»æ为ï¼æ
æå¨è¯ + have doneã ããegï¼ ããYou should have got here earlier. ä½ æ©è¯¥å°è¿éäºã ããYou should have returned it to him. ä½ æ©è¯¥æå®è¿ç»ä»äºã ãã8ãèæè¯æ°å¨æ¹å¼ç¶è¯ä»å¥çåºç¨ã详è§ç¾åº¦ç¾ç§ä¹æ¹å¼ç¶è¯ä»å¥è¯æ¡ã
ç¼è¾æ¬æ®µèæè¯æ°è¯¯åº
ãã1.æ··åæ¡ä»¶å¥ç主ä»å¥æ¶æä¸ä¼çµæ´»ååï¼ ãã2.çç¥ifæ¶ï¼å¥åè°æ´ä¸æ£ç¡®ï¼ ãã3.ä¸ä¼å»æ¾ææä¸çâåºè¯¥âå«ä¹ï¼ ãã4.é·å¨èæä¸åºä¸æ¥ï¼æçå®æ¡ä»¶å¥å½æèææ¡ä»¶å¥ã ãããå
¸åä¾é¢ã ãã1ï¼ If I had seen the movie, I ______________ you all about it now. ããA. would tell B. will tell C. have told D. would have told ãã解æï¼ééDãæ¤é¢èæ¥æ··åæ¡ä»¶å¥ãä»å¥è¡¨å¯¹è¿å»çèæï¼ä¸»å¥è¡¨å¯¹ç°å¨çèæï¼æ以æ£ç¡®çæ¡ä¸ºAã ãã2ï¼The volleyball match will be put off if it ___. ããA.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained ãã解æï¼çæ¡Bãçå®æ¡ä»¶å¥ä¸»å¥ä¸ºå°æ¥æ¶ï¼ä»å¥ç¨ä¸è¬ç°å¨æ¶ã ãã3ï¼_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day. ããA. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I ãã解æï¼çæ¡C. å¨èææ¡ä»¶ç¶è¯ä¸å¦ææwere, should, hadè¿ä¸ä¸ªè¯ï¼é常å°ifçç¥ï¼ä¸»è¯æå, åæ were, should, had +主è¯çå½¢å¼ãä½è¦æ³¨æï¼å¨èææ¡ä»¶ç¶è¯ä»å¥ä¸ï¼çç¥è¿è¯çåè£
å½¢å¼çå¥é¦ä¸è½ç¨å¨è¯ç缩ç¥å½¢å¼ãå¦æ们å¯è¯´ Were I not to do., èä¸è½è¯´ Weren't I to do. ãã4). My suggestion is that she ________ more exercise, which will do a lot of ããgood to her. ããA. takes B. must take C. take D. took ãã解æï¼ééAãæ¬é¢è¦è¡¨è¾¾âæç建议æ¯å¥¹ï¼åºè¯¥ï¼å¤é»ç¼ï¼è¿å¯¹å¥¹ä¼æå¾å¤§å¥½å¤ãâ符åèæçæ¡ä»¶ï¼æ以æ£ç¡®çæ¡ä¸ºCã空åé¢çç¥äºshould.[1]
ç¼è¾æ¬æ®µçç¥èææ¡ä»¶
çç¥è¿è¯if
ããææ¶å¯å°æ¡ä»¶ä»å¥çè¿è¯ifçç¥ï¼ä½æ¤æ¶åºç¨åè£
å¥åï¼å³æä»å¥ä¸çwere,should,had çæå°å¥é¦ï¼ ããWere I Tom,I would refuse. å¦æææ¯æ±¤å§ï¼æä¼æç»ã ããShould it be necessary,I would go. åè¥æå¿
è¦ï¼æä¼å»çã ããHad it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time. è¥ä¸æ¯å¤©æ°åï¼æ们就åæ¶å°è¾¾äºã ããã注ã ããâ è¥æ¡ä»¶ä»å¥ä¸ºå¦å®å¥ï¼å¦å®è¯notåºç½®äºä¸»è¯ä¹åï¼èä¸è½ä¸were,should,had ç缩ç¥æWerenât,Shouldnât,Hadnâtèç½®äºå¥é¦ã ããâ¡ ææ¶çç¥ifåæåçhadä¸æ¯å©å¨è¯ï¼ ããHad I time,I would come. åè¥æææ¶é´ï¼æä¼æ¥çã(=If I had timeâ¦)
çç¥ä¸»è¯åå¨è¯be
ããè¥ä¸»ä»å¥ä¸»è¯ä¸è´ï¼ä¸è°è¯é¨åå
å«æå¨è¯beï¼é常å¯å°ä¸»è¯åå¨è¯beçç¥ï¼ ããIf repaired earlier,the tractor would not have broken down. ããè¦æ¯æ©ç¹å¿ä¿®ä¸ä¸ï¼æææºå°±ä¸ä¼æéäºã(=If it had been repaired earlierâ¦)
çç¥âit+beâ
ããIf necessary,I would send more farmhands to help you. ããå¦æéè¦çè¯ï¼æä¼æ´¾æ´å¤ç人å»å¸®ä½ ã(=If it was necessary,â¦)
çç¥æ¡ä»¶ä»å¥
ããè¿æ ·ççç¥é常éè¦åå©ä¸å®çä¸ä¸æï¼å³çç¥æ¡ä»¶ä»å¥åï¼æå©ä¸ç主å¥çææå¨ä¸å®çä¸ä¸æä¸æææ¯æ¸
æ¥çï¼ ããI might see her personally. It would be better. æå¯ä»¥äº²èªå»ç她ï¼è¿æ ·å¥½ä¸äºã(=If I saw her personally,it would be better.)
ç¼è¾æ¬æ®µå«èæ¡ä»¶å¥ä¸
ãã(1) æ¡ä»¶æå«å¨çè¯ä¸ãå¦ï¼ ããWe didnât know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him. ããæ们ä¸ç¥éä»ççµè¯å·ç ï¼å¦åæ们就ä¼ç»ä»æçµè¯ãï¼æå«æ¡ä»¶æ¯otherwiseï¼ ããWithout your help,we wouldnât have achieved so much. ãã没æä½ ç帮å©ï¼æ们ä¸å¯è½åå¾è¿ä¹å¤§çæ绩ã ããï¼æå«æ¡ä»¶æ¯ä»è¯çè¯without your helpï¼ ããBut for your help,I would not have succeeded in the experiment. ããå¦æ没æä½ ç帮å©ï¼æçå®éªå°±ä¸ä¼æåãï¼æå«æ¡ä»¶æ¯but for your helpï¼ ããIt would cause great trouble not to lubricate the bearing immediately. ããä¸ç«å³æ¶¦æ»è½´æ¿å°±ä¼å¼èµ·å¾å¤§çæ
éã ããï¼æå«æ¡ä»¶æ¯not to lubricate the bearing immediatelyï¼ ãã(2) æ¡ä»¶æå«å¨ä¸ä¸æä¸ãå¦ï¼ ããI would not have done it that way. ããææ¯ä¸ä¼é£ä¹åçãï¼å¯è½æå«if I were youï¼ ããI was busy that day. Otherwise I would have come to help you. ããæé£å¤©å¾å¿ãå¦åæä¼æ¥å¸®ä½ çãï¼å¯è½æå«if I hadnât been so busy.ï¼ ããYou might come to join us in the discussion. ããä½ å¯ä»¥åå æ们ç讨论ãï¼å¯è½æå«if you wanted toï¼ ããI would have bought the DVD player. ããææ¯ä¼ä¹°ä¸é£å°å½±ç¢æºçãï¼å¯è½æå«if I had the moneyï¼ ããBut for the storm,we should have arrived earlier.
åèèµæï¼http://baike.baidu.com/view/26751.htm