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Question

THE RETURN OF THE DINOSAURS?

The possibility of cloning fierce and extinct wild animals has always excited film makers. And they are not the only ones! The popularity of films such as Jurassic Park, in which a scientist clones several kinds of extinct dinosaurs, proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into people's hearts. But in fact we are a long way from being able to clone extinct animals. Scientists are still experimenting with cloning mammals. This is because the cloning of mammals is still a new science and its story only began seriously in the 1950s as this list shows:

1950s cloning of frogs 1996 first clone of a mammal: Dolly the sheep
1970s research using the embryos of mice 2000 cow gave birth to a bison
1979 work on embryos of sheep and mice 2001 China's first cloned twin calves
1981 first experimental clones of mice 2002 first cloned cats
1983 first experimental clones of cows 2005 first cloned dog
…

From time to time people suggest that extinct animals like dinosaurs, can possibly be brought back to life through cloning. Unfortunately, with what we know now, this is either impossible or unsuitable. There are many reasons.
◎ The initial requirement is that you need perfect DNA (which gives information for how cells
are to grow).
◎ All efforts of cloning an animal will be in vain if there is not enough diversity in the group to overcome illnesses. Diversity in a group means
having animals with their genes arranged in different ways. The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die,
but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation. The great drawback to cloning a group of
animals is that they would all have the same arrangement of genes and so might die of the same illness. Then none of them would be left to
continue the species.
◎ It would be unfair to clone any extinct animals if they were to live in a zoo. A suitable habitat would be needed for them to lead a natural life.

Based on what we know now, you cannot clone animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years. Actually, dinosaurs disappeared 65,000,000 years ago. So the chance of dinosaurs ever returning to the earth is merely a dream.

Answer 1

激烈的克隆和灭绝野生动物的可能性一直兴奋电影工作者。他们不是唯一的！如侏罗纪公园受欢迎的电影，其中一个科学家克隆恐龙灭绝的几种，证明这个想法如何，触动人心的恐惧和兴奋的混合物。但事实上，我们是一家能够克隆动物的灭绝很长的路。科学家们还尝试用克隆哺乳动物。这是因为哺乳动物克隆仍是一个新的科学和它的故事才开始认真地为这个列表显示了20世纪50年代：

20世纪50年代的克隆青蛙1996年第一次克隆的哺乳动物：多利羊
20世纪70年代的研究利用老鼠的胚胎奶牛2000年诞生了一个野牛
1979年的工作对2001年中国绵羊和老鼠的第一只克隆胚胎的双胞胎牛犊
1981年第一实验小鼠的克隆第一只克隆猫2002年
1983年第一期2005年第一只克隆牛克隆狗的实验
...

不时有人认为恐龙灭绝的动物一样，可以通过克隆技术可能带来起死回生。不幸的是，我们现在知道，这是不可能或不适合。有很多原因。
◎最初的要求是，你需要完美的DNA（即提供信息的细胞如何
要成长）。
◎克隆动物的一切努力将是徒劳的，如果没有足够的多样性在小组克服疾病。多样性是指在一组
有不同的方式排列，在他们的基因动物。它的优点是，如果有一个新的疾病，这些动物有些人可能死亡，
但其他人会生存和传递能力抵御这种疾病给下一代。伟大的缺点克隆一组
动物的是，他们都具有相同的基因安排等可能死于同样的病症。接着，他们都将留待
继续种。
◎这是不公平的克隆动物的灭绝，如果他们生活在一个动物园。一个合适的栖息地，将需要为他们过一个自然的生活。

根据我们现在知道，你不能再克隆已经灭绝的动物已超过1万年。事实上，恐龙消失六千五百万年前。因此，机会永远恐龙重返地球只是一个梦想。