When,While,as的区别和用法

如题所述

when,while,as引导时间状语从句的区别
when,while,as显然都可以引导时间状语从句,但用法区别非常大.
一、when可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用;而while和as只能和延续性动词连用.
① Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already?(get为短暂性动词)你已经找到如此好的工作,为何还想再找新的?
②Sorry,I was out when you called me.(call为短暂性动词)对不起,你打电话时我刚好外出了.
③Strike while the iron is hot.(is为延续性动词,表示一种持续的状态)趁热打铁.
④ The students took notes as they listened.(listen为延续性动词)学生们边听课边做笔记.
二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生;while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生.
1.从句动作在主句动作前发生,只用 when.
①When he had finished his homework,he took a short rest.(finished先发生)当他完成作业后,他休息了一会儿.
②When I got to the airport,the guests had left.(got to后发生)当我赶到飞机场时,客人们已经离开了.
2.从句动作和主句动作同时发生,且从句动作为延续性动词时,when,while,as都可使用.
①When /While /As we were dancing,a stranger came in.(dance为延续性动词)当我们跳舞时,一位陌生人走了进来.
②When /While /As she was making a phonecall,I was writing a letter.(make为延续性动词)当她在打电话时,我正在写信.
3.当主句、从句动作同时进行,从句动作的时间概念淡化,而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时,只能用 as.这时,as常表示“随着……”;“一边……,一边……”之意.
① As the time went on,the weather got worse.(as表示“随着……”之意)
② The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases.随着高度的增加,大气越来越稀薄.
③As years go by,China is getting stronger and richer.随着时间一年一年过去,中国变得越来越富强了.
④The little girls sang as they went.小姑娘们一边走,一边唱.
⑤The sad mother sat on the roadside,shouting as she was crying.伤心的妈妈坐在路边,边哭边叫.
4.在将来时从句中,常用when,且从句须用一般时代替将来时.
①You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it.在我读完这本书后,你可以借阅.
②When the manager comes here for a visit next week,Ill talk with him about this.下周,经理来这参观时,我会和他谈谈此事.
三、when用于表示“一……就……”的句型中(指过去的事情).
sb.had hardly(=scarcely) done sth.when...=Hardly / Scarcely had sb.done sth.when...
①I had hardly /scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.=Hardly / Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.我刚一闭上眼,就有人在敲门了.
②I had hardly /scarcely entered my room when the telephone rang.=Hardly /Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang.我刚一走进房门,电话就响了
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第1个回答  2013-12-06
三个都用于时间状语从句when强调动作先后发生,之间时间间隔很短。while强调同时发生,或主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行过程中,也就是说while引导的从句必须使用延续性动词。例:1、She had just finished her homework _________her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.
A. when B. while C. after D. since你看从句部分的谓语是asked,是非延续性动词,所以你就不能选while了。to practice playing the piano不要被playing迷惑了,这部分是宾语的补语,不是谓语部分,不参与时间的判断。2、There were some chairs left over___-everyone had sat down.
A.when B.until C.that D.where
也是一样,你看从句部分had sat down不是延续性动词,就不能选while了。这两个动作虽然前后发生,但发生的间隔很短,应该用when。也不能用until,知道所有人坐下,才没有多少椅子剩下就不通了,应该表达为当所有人坐下的时候,就没多少椅子剩下了。3、Are you ready for Spain? Yes,I want the girls to experience that__ they are young A、while B、until C、if D、beforethey are young延续性动词,很容易想到用while,再配合句子的意思,判断时间逻辑关系,我想让女孩子们在年轻的时候多一点经历。就肯定用whilewhile还可作为并列连词:有对比的意思,前后两者要有可以对比的项。While modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand. 模特行业虽然很难进,但好的模特是需要的。前后两项没有时间上的关系,是并列的,这时的while有转折的意思,然而,虽然。 as侧重表示两个动作同时发生,或者一种动作随着另一种动作的变化而变化。when是可以分出个前后,而as不能,它表示的是一边干什么,一边干什么,或者一种动作伴随另一种动作变化而变化。有时候会与while意思相同混淆着用,这种情况下,选择题中不会同时出现。如果放在句子中,句子的意义不同:__ the day went on, the weather got worseA.With B.Since C.While D.As由于从句中的谓语没有延续性动词,不用while,用as的意义是,随着日子的go on,天气越来越差,属于上面说的伴随状态as其他用法:方式状语从句:We can finish the experiment on time if we do it __ the professor has told us. Aafter B、like C、when D、as把各个选项待进去理解句子意思,结果选as像……,按照……,用某种方式。如果按照教授告诉我们的方式去做就能……让步状语从句:虽然……,但也……,一种不好的情况,但退一步来说,因为某种方式不算太糟糕,就称为让步。不像祈使句,你必须怎么怎么样,不能让步。little boy __ he is , he is very brave,A/.as B.since C.although D.even if虽然CD都有虽然,尽管的意思,但是有倒装,although he is a little boy,而变成little boy he is,就属于as的用法。
第2个回答  2013-12-06
when,while,as的区别和用法
三者可表示“当……时候”,区别如下:
(1) 若主句表示的是一个短暂性动作,从句表示的是一个持续性动作,三者都可用:
He fell asleep when [while, as] he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。
【注】as 用于引出一个持续性动词表示“在……期间”时,其谓语通常只能是那些含有动作(action)和发展(development) 意味的动词,一般不能是那些不用于进行时态的动词(如 be, seem, love, want, agree, see, know, have 等),所以下面一句中的 while 不能换为 as:
A:I’m going to the post office. 我要去邮局。
B:While you’re there, can you get me some stamps? 当你在邮局时,能帮我买几张邮票吗?
(2) 若主、从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作,且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间,通常要用 while:
Don’t talk while you’re eating. 吃饭时不要说话。
I kept silent while he was writing. 在他写的时候,我默不作声。
但是,若主从句表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边…一边”之意思,通常用 as:
She sang as she went along. 她边走边唱。
(3) 若从句是一个短暂性动作,主句是一个持续性动作,可用 as / when 但不用 while:
It was raining hard when [as] we arrived. 我们到达时正下着大雨。
(4) 若主从句表示的是两个同时(或几乎同时)发生的短暂性动作,用 as / when:
I thought of it just when [as] you opened your mouth. 就在你要说的时候,我也想到了。
(5) 若要表示两个正在发展变化的情况,相当于汉语的“随着”,一般用 as:
Things are getting better and better as time goes on. 随着时间的推移,情况越来越好。
As it grew darker, it became colder. 天色越晚,天气越冷。
(6) 表示“每当…的时候”(暗示一种规律性),一般要用 when:
It’s cold when it snows. 下雪时天冷。
He smiles when you praise him. 你夸奖他时他总是笑笑。
(7) 若主从句所表示的动作不是同时发生,而是有先后顺序时,一般要用 when:
I will go home when he comes back. 他回来时,我就回家去。
(8) when 可用作并列连词,表示“这时(突然)”;while 也可以用作并列连词,表示“而”、“却”(表示对比);但 as 则没有类似用法:
We were about to start when it began to rain. 我们正要出发,这时天开始下雨了。
He likes coffee, while she likes tea. 他喜欢咖啡,而她却喜欢茶。
(9) as 和 when 后均可直接跟一个名词,构成省略句,但 while 一般不这样用:
As [When] a boy, he lived in Japan. 他小时候在日本。
(10) when 和 while 后可接现在分词、介词短语、形容词等构成省略句,但 as 一般不这样用:
When [While] reading, he fell asleep. 他看书时睡着了。
When [While] in trouble, ask her for help. 遇到麻烦的时候你就去找她帮忙。
第3个回答  2015-05-26
一、讲解
  1. 若主句表示的是一个短暂性动作,从句表示的是一个持续性动作,三者都可用:

  He fell asleep when [while, as] he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。

  【注】as 用于引出一个持续性动词表示“在…期间”时,其谓语通常不能是那些不用于进行时态的动词(如 be, seem, love, want, agree, see, know, have 等),所以下面一句中的 while 不能换为 as:

  A:I’m going to the post office. 我要去邮局。

  B:While you’re there, can you get me some stamps? 当你在邮局时,能帮我买几张邮票吗?

  2. 若主、从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作,且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间,通常要用 while:

  I kept silent while he was writing. 在他写的时候,我默不做声。

  但是,若主从句表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边…一边…”之意思,通常用 as:

  She sang as she went along. 她边走边唱。

 3. 若从句是一个短暂性动作,主句是一个持续性动作,可用 as / when 但不用 while:

  It was raining hard when [as] we arrived. 我们到达时正下着大雨。

 4. 若主从句表示的是两个同时(或几乎同时)发生的短暂性动作,用 as / when:

  I thought of it just when [as] you opened your mouth. 就在你要说的时候,我也想到了。

 5. 若要表示两个正在发展变化的情况,相当于汉语的“随着”,一般用 as:

  Things are getting better and better as time goes on. 随着时间的推移,情况越来越好。

  As it grew darker, it became colder. 天色越晚,天气越冷。

 6. 表示“每当…的时候”(暗示一种规律性),一般要用 when:

  It’s cold when it snows. 下雪时天冷。

  He smiles when you praise him. 你夸奖他时他总是笑笑。
7. while 可以表示转折,“然而”。
二、练习
1.She thought I was praising her child,_____,in fact,I was scolding him for his bad behaviors at school.

A. what B. while C. so that D. therefore

2. I do every single bit of housework ____ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.

A. while

B. since

C. when

D. as

3.______ it is expected that students come university with the ability to take a good set of notes,this is not always the case.

A. When

B. As

C. For

D. While

4. We were swimming in the lake ___ suddenly the storm started.

A. when

B. while

C. until

D. before

答案
1.选B。while并列连词,表对比,意为,“而,但是”

2.选A. while含有对比之意,意为“然而”。

3.选D.在此句中while表示“尽管”。

4.选A。was doing···when···一个固定句式。
第4个回答  2015-10-24
1. 若主句表示的是一个短暂性动作,从句表示的是一个持续性动作,三者都可用:

He fell asleep when [while, as] he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。

  【注】as 用于引出一个持续性动词表示“在…期间”时,其谓语通常不能是那些不用于进行时态的动词(如 be, seem, love, want, agree, see, know, have 等),所以下面一句中的 while 不能换为 as:

A:I’m going to the post office. 我要去邮局。

B:While you’re there, can you get me some stamps? 当你在邮局时,能帮我买几张邮票吗?

2. 若主、从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作,且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间,通常要用 while:

I kept silent while he was writing. 在他写的时候,我默不做声。

  但是,若主从句表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边…一边…”之意思,通常用 as:

She sang as she went along. 她边走边唱。

3. 若从句是一个短暂性动作,主句是一个持续性动作,可用 as / when 但不用 while:

It was raining hard when [as] we arrived. 我们到达时正下着大雨。

4. 若主从句表示的是两个同时(或几乎同时)发生的短暂性动作,用 as / when:

I thought of it just when [as] you opened your mouth. 就在你要说的时候,我也想到了。

5. 若要表示两个正在发展变化的情况,相当于汉语的“随着”,一般用 as:

Things are getting better and better as time goes on. 随着时间的推移,情况越来越好。

As it grew darker, it became colder. 天色越晚,天气越冷。

6. 表示“每当…的时候”(暗示一种规律性),一般要用 when:

It’s cold when it snows. 下雪时天冷。

He smiles when you praise him. 你夸奖他时他总是笑笑。
7. while 可以表示转折,“然而”。
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