动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语有什么区别？

Question

讲本质的。再举一些它们不能互换时的例子。

Answer 1

Ⅰ.动名词和不定式做主语的相同点
1.不定式短语和动名词做主语时，常常为了保持句子的平衡，用it来做形式主语，如：
It is not easy to learn English well.
It is no use asking him for help.
2.如果主语用了不定式,表语和宾语也要用不定式;主语用了动名词,表语和宾语也要用动名词,这在英语中称为对称性,如:
To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing. (眼见为实)
(85)It is better to stay home than _A__ out.
A. to go B. going C. go D. gone
Ⅱ.动名词和不定式做主语的不同点
1.不定式做主语常表示具体的某一动作;表示泛指或一般的抽象的概念时,多用动名词,如:
(92)_B_ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk
2.在”There/It +be+ no use(good/help/need)”之后常用动名词做主语,而少用不定式,如:
It /There is no use crying over the split milk.
It /There is no help taking this medicine.
★但是如果该句型中用了for引出不定式的逻辑主语,就只能用不定式,如:
(93) There is no good for us to do that exercise.
3.不定式可以和when, where, how, what, whether等连用,在句子中做主语,宾语和表语,而动名词则不能,如:
How to solve the problem is a hot potato.
Where to put the box seems hard to decide.
Whether to do it hasn’t been decided.
What to do next is up to you.

Answer 2

不定式和动名词作主语的区别:不定式表示具体或一次性的动作，也可表示将来的动作。动名词表示经常或泛指的动作。
如:To
move
this
heavy
box
is
not
easy.
Reading
in
the
sun
is
bad
for
your
eyes.
/
Swimming
is
good
exercise.
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