第1个回答 2011-11-17
The contraction in global trade in the past year has led many governments in Asia, including Thailand, to take a fresh look at an economic model that has led growth over recent decades.
在全球贸易在过去一年的收缩，导致亚洲许多国家的政府在包括泰国在内，采取在一个经济模型，这导致了最近数十年来的增长新面貌。
Bangkok 23 November 2009
曼谷2009年11月23日
A Thai worker loads boxes into an export container at the Port Authority in Bangkok (File)
一名泰国工人加载盒装入一个在曼谷港口管理局（文件出口集装箱）
"The crisis has shown to us that being totally dependent on exports - it can pose problems and some fragility to the economy."
“危机已经表明，作为完全依赖出口 - 它可以提出一些问题和对经济的脆弱性给我们。”
The contraction in global trade in the past year has led many governments in Asia, including Thailand, to take a fresh look at an economic model that has led growth over recent decades. Economists and business analysts say Asia is shifting focus to regional trade to cut its dependence on the United States and European markets.
在全球贸易在过去一年的收缩，导致亚洲许多国家的政府在包括泰国在内，采取在一个经济模型，这导致了最近数十年来的增长新面貌。经济学家和商业分析家说，亚洲是贸易转移的重点区域，以减少其对美国和欧洲市场的依赖程度。
Asia's economic fortunes over the past several decades rested on exports, especially of manufactured consumer goods, electronics and textiles.
在过去几十年亚洲的经济命运就在于出口，特别是工业消费品，电子产品和纺织品。
The strategy has raised living standards and reduced poverty from Japan to Indonesia.
该战略提出了来自日本的生活水平和减少贫困的印尼。
But this year, the World Trade Organization says global trade has contracted at rates not seen in almost 80 years. Export earnings among the world's poorest countries sank by over 40 percent, erasing millions of jobs, as the financial crisis that started in the United States swept across the globe.
但是今年，世界贸易组织说，全球贸易收缩的速度差不多80年没有见过。是世界上最贫穷的国家沉没百分之四十以上，出口收入擦除数百万的就业机会，随着金融危机在美国开始席卷全球各地。
The Thai economy is a leading example of the export model. The United States and Europe account for more than a quarter of its exports; but this year shipments to those markets are down about 17 percent.
泰国的经济是出口模式的典范。美国和欧洲占了超过其出口的四分之一，但今年这些市场的发货量下降了约百分之十七。
Kiat Sittheeamorn, president of the Thailand Trade Representative Office, says the global downturn led many Asian governments to question their dependence on exports.
永吉Sittheeamorn，在泰国贸易代表办公室的总裁说，全球经济衰退导致许多亚洲国家政府对问题及其对出口的依赖。
"There are lots of talks about rebalancing growth, a new growth model," Kiat siad. "The crisis has shown to us that being totally dependent on exports - it can pose problems and some fragility to the economy."
“有关于重新平衡增长，许多新的经济增长模式讲座”，永吉西亚德。 “危机已经表明，作为完全依赖出口 - 它可以提出一些问题和对经济的脆弱性给我们。”
Kiat says governments should pay more attention at promoting local technology and skills to add value to manufactured goods.
永吉说，各国政府应在促进当地技术和技能，以增加价值制成品更多的关注。
Thailand's central bank, the Bank of Thailand, recently said that from 1985 to 2007 the proportion of exports to the country's gross domestic product increased from 25 percent to 70 percent.
泰国中央银行泰国银行最近表示，1985年至2007年在该国的国内生产总值的比例从百分之二十五的出口增加至百分之七十。
Its top exports include textiles, footwear, fishery products, rice, rubber, jewelry, automobiles, computers and electrical appliances.
它的最高出口产品包括纺织品，鞋类，水产品，大米，橡胶，珠宝，汽车，电脑和电器。
The United States buys more than 10 percent of Thai exports and is the country's leading trading partner. Its key Asian markets are Japan, China, and Singapore.
美国购买超过百分之十泰国出口，是国家的主要贸易伙伴。其主要的亚洲市场是日本，中国和新加坡。
Ravi Ratnayake is an economist and director at United Nations Economic and Social Commission for the Asia Pacific. He says the slump has highlighted the country's vulnerability to sharp swings in global trade.
拉维拉特纳亚克是一位经济学家，为在联合国亚太经济社会委员会主任。他说，不景气突出了国家的脆弱性，在全球贸易大幅波动。
"The region is too much dependent on external markets like the U.S.A. and Europe and without giving attention to domestic demand as well as regional demand," Ratnayake siad. "So what we are saying is that we need to have a balance from sources of growth. If the region does not depend so much on external markets we are saying the impact of the crisis on the region could have been minimized."
“该地区是太多像美国，欧洲，没有给予关注国内需求以及区域外部市场需求的依赖，”拉特纳亚克西亚德。 “因此，我们要说的是，我们需要有一个从增长来源的平衡。如果该地区不依赖等我们说了关于该地区危机的影响可能已降到外部市场了。”
Over recent years Thailand has opened new markets through regional free trade agreements. These include deals with India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, Australia and New Zealand, and within Southeast Asia.
近年来泰国开设了通过区域自由贸易协定的新市场。这些交易包括与印度，孟加拉国和斯里兰卡，澳大利亚和新西兰，并在东南亚地区。
UNESCAP economist Shamika Sirimanne says the trade deals make a difference.
亚太经社会的经济学家Shamika Sirimanne说，贸易协议有差别。
"They are diversifying away from the European Union and U.S. markets toward regional markets," Sirimanne siad. "There's a lot of intentions, not just Thailand, but also across the region to diversify. They have seen the repercussions of being dependent on big markets and then being burned. But let's see how we move forward how much can be realized."
“他们是来自欧洲联盟的多样化和对区域市场的美国市场以外，”Sirimanne西亚德。 “有一种意图地段的不只是泰国，而且整个地区的多样化。他们看到的是对大市场的依赖带来的影响，然后被烧毁。但是让我们看看我们如何向前推进多少能够实现。”
Sirimanne says reforms are needed to speed regional trade, such as cutting bureaucracy.
Sirimanne说，改革需要加快，如削减官僚的区域贸易。
"With the neighboring countries there's a lot more forms to be filled, lot more barriers to be jumped just to trade across borders," Sirimanne siad. "These internal barriers need to be lifted if you need to rely more and more on the region for your exports to grow.
“随着周边国家有更多的形式有待填补，还有更多的障碍，只是为了将跃升贸易跨越国界，”Sirimanne西亚德。 “这些内部障碍需要解除，如果你需要依靠你的出口增长地区越来越多。
Thailand's automobile sector exports to 190 countries, but sales shrank by up to 40 percent over the past year.
泰国汽车业出口到190个国家，但销售了40个百分点，过去一年下跌。
Vallop Tiasiri, president of Thailand's Automotive Industry Institute, says the industry remains well placed to benefits from a shift toward Asia.
Vallop Tiasiri，泰国汽车工业学院院长说，工业仍然有条件从对亚洲转移到好处。
"We are the alternative production hub in this region. So we still keep competitiveness in Asia. … There are only five places in Asia with a production capacity of more than one million (units) a year," Vallop siad.
“我们是在这一地区的替代生产基地。因此，我们仍然保持在亚洲的竞争力。...，只有5位在亚洲，其中超过百万（单位生产能力）1年，”Vallop西亚德。
Other business analysts say there is too little debate in looking to ways to ensure stable growth.
其他商业分析家说，在寻求太少方法，以确保稳定增长的辩论。
Jacques-Chai Chomphongdi is an academic and member of group Focus on the Global South, which has been examining an alternative model for growth, with more focus on the domestic economy.
雅克钗Chomphongdi是学术和焦点组成员在全球的南方，一直研究更注重对国内经济增长的一个替代模式。
"We have been trying to promote a more diverse model of development beyond the export oriented one," Chomphongdi siad. "And using the case of Thailand it has been going in the direction for the last several decades. It shows many dangerous areas that can occur by relying on external factors as the main engine of economic growth."
“我们一直在努力促进出口导向型以外的发展更加多样化的模式，”Chomphongdi西亚德。 “，用泰国情况下，它已在过去几十年的方向前进。这表明许多可能发生危险的地方由作为经济增长的主要动力依赖外部因素。”
Chomphongdi says he wants to see governments be more courageous in presenting alternative models of growth.
Chomphongdi表示，他希望看到政府在提出的替代增长模式更加勇敢。
The Bank of Thailand says the existing model will continue to drive the economy. It says the small domestic market will not replace exports as the "superior engine" of growth for several years.
泰国央行说，现有的模式将继续推动经济。声明说，国内市场很小，不会取代为“优越的增长引擎”几年来出口。
Thailand's exports are expected to rise by 15 percent next year. But attention will be on how much trade shifts away from the U.S. and Europe toward Asia.
泰国的出口预计将增长百分之十五，明年。但是，注意力将转移多少贸易离美国和欧洲转向亚洲。
第2个回答 2011-11-17
The contraction in global trade in the past year has led many governments in Asia, including Thailand, to take a fresh look at an economic model that has led growth over recent decades.
在全球贸易在过去一年的收缩，导致亚洲许多国家的政府在包括泰国在内，采取在一个经济模型，这导致了最近数十年来的增长新面貌。
Bangkok 23 November 2009
曼谷2009年11月23日
A Thai worker loads boxes into an export container at the Port Authority in Bangkok (File)
一名泰国工人加载盒装入一个在曼谷港口管理局（文件出口集装箱）
"The crisis has shown to us that being totally dependent on exports - it can pose problems and some fragility to the economy."
“危机已经表明，作为完全依赖出口 - 它可以提出一些问题和对经济的脆弱性给我们。”
The contraction in global trade in the past year has led many governments in Asia, including Thailand, to take a fresh look at an economic model that has led growth over recent decades. Economists and business analysts say Asia is shifting focus to regional trade to cut its dependence on the United States and European markets.
在全球贸易在过去一年的收缩，导致亚洲许多国家的政府在包括泰国在内，采取在一个经济模型，这导致了最近数十年来的增长新面貌。经济学家和商业分析家说，亚洲是贸易转移的重点区域，以减少其对美国和欧洲市场的依赖程度。
Asia's economic fortunes over the past several decades rested on exports, especially of manufactured consumer goods, electronics and textiles.
在过去几十年亚洲的经济命运就在于出口，特别是工业消费品，电子产品和纺织品。
The strategy has raised living standards and reduced poverty from Japan to Indonesia.
该战略提出了来自日本的生活水平和减少贫困的印尼。
But this year, the World Trade Organization says global trade has contracted at rates not seen in almost 80 years. Export earnings among the world's poorest countries sank by over 40 percent, erasing millions of jobs, as the financial crisis that started in the United States swept across the globe.
但是今年，世界贸易组织说，全球贸易收缩的速度差不多80年没有见过。是世界上最贫穷的国家沉没百分之四十以上，出口收入擦除数百万的就业机会，随着金融危机在美国开始席卷全球各地。
The Thai economy is a leading example of the export model. The United States and Europe account for more than a quarter of its exports; but this year shipments to those markets are down about 17 percent.
泰国的经济是出口模式的典范。美国和欧洲占了超过其出口的四分之一，但今年这些市场的发货量下降了约百分之十七。
Kiat Sittheeamorn, president of the Thailand Trade Representative Office, says the global downturn led many Asian governments to question their dependence on exports.
永吉Sittheeamorn，在泰国贸易代表办公室的总裁说，全球经济衰退导致许多亚洲国家政府对问题及其对出口的依赖。
"There are lots of talks about rebalancing growth, a new growth model," Kiat siad. "The crisis has shown to us that being totally dependent on exports - it can pose problems and some fragility to the economy."
“有关于重新平衡增长，许多新的经济增长模式讲座”，永吉西亚德。 “危机已经表明，作为完全依赖出口 - 它可以提出一些问题和对经济的脆弱性给我们。”
Kiat says governments should pay more attention at promoting local technology and skills to add value to manufactured goods.
永吉说，各国政府应在促进当地技术和技能，以增加价值制成品更多的关注。
Thailand's central bank, the Bank of Thailand, recently said that from 1985 to 2007 the proportion of exports to the country's gross domestic product increased from 25 percent to 70 percent.
泰国中央银行泰国银行最近表示，1985年至2007年在该国的国内生产总值的比例从百分之二十五的出口增加至百分之七十。
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