关于虚拟语气的几个选择题求答案和解释

Question

1:Linda was _____the experiment a month ago,but she changed her mind at the last minute
A to start
B to have started
C to be starting
D to have been starting
混合虚拟语气，这句话怎么分析？
2.Would you rather I _____ buying a new bike?
A. decided against B. will decide against
C. have decided D. shall decide against
选C吗？怎么分析？
3.He that they _____ use a trick instead of fighting.
A. should B. would
C. do D. had
是D吗？suggested表“暗示”
4We would have made a lot of money, but we _____ halfway
A. gave up B. had given up Cwould give up. D. were to give up
选A还是C啊？怎么解释啊？
5He was very busy yesterday; otherwise he___A__ to the meeting.
A. would have come B. would come C. could come D. had come
为什么不选B？
6.I would have told him the answer had it been possible, but I _____ so busy then.
A. had been B. were
C. was D. would be
解释一下？
7 _____ the fog, we should have reached our school.
A. Because of B. In spite of
C. In case of D. But for
C还是D？
8.I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything.
A. knew B. knows C. has known D. had known
选A吧？
9与上一题相似He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time.
A. was B. were
C. has been D. had been
是选D吧？
10The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years.
A. should be B. would be
C. have been D. had been
是D吗？
11.Let’s say you could go there again, how _____ feel?
A. will you B. should you
C. would you D. do you
选哪个啊？怎么解释？
题目很多，求尽量详细的解答，万分感谢！！！

Answer 1

1:Linda was _____the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute.
选择 B to have started
解析：
1. 本题是个并列句，两个分句分别表达了不同的语气：
--第一分句 Linda was to have started the experiment a month ago 是对过去将来的得虚拟，意思是“琳达本来一个月以前要做实验”，言外之意是并没有按计划进行；
---第二分句 but she changed her mind at the last minute 是真实语气，意思是“但是她在最后的时刻改变了主意”
2. were to（也可以用 was to）表示对将来的虚拟，表示“按计划作某事”；
3. 选项分析
A. was to start 指对现在的将来的虚拟；
B was to have started 指对过去将来的虚拟；
C was to be starting 和 D was to have been starting 在时态表示法上矛盾而且重复，因为 be to do / be to have done 指按计划将要做某事，而趋向动词的进行形式则表示即将发生的将来行为。

2.Would you rather I _____ buying a new bike?
选择 A. decided against
解析：
1. would rather 后的宾语从句要求用虚拟语气，此处是对现在或将来的虚拟，意思是“你非得要我决定反对购买一辆新自行车吗”
2. 选项中只有 A 项的过去形式才符合虚拟要求。其他选项都是真实语气。
3. 如果是对过去的虚拟，必须用“情态动词 + have done” 表示，C 项中没有情态动词，因此不符合要求。

3. He suggested/insisted that they _____ use a trick instead of fighting.
选择 A. should
解析：
1. 原题不完整，主句中缺少谓语动词，根据选项中提供的信息，应该添加要求宾语从句为虚拟语气的动词，如 suggest (建议)，insiste（坚持) , demand（要求）, order （命令）等表示主语意愿的动词。
2. 在表示主语意愿动词后的宾语从句要求用 should + 动词原形或者直接用动词原形表示虚拟，选项中只有 A 符合要求。
3. 选择 D 项成了表示强调的 do use，如果不省略 should，出现在其后显然不妥。

4. We would have made a lot of money, but we _____ halfway
选择 A. gave up
解析：
1. 该题与第一题同出一辙。第一分句 would have made 表示对过去的虚拟，即“我们过去本来会赚来很多钱（事实上去不然）”；第二分句是真实语气，指的是“我们却半途而废了”这个真实情况。
2. 根据第一分句所虚拟的过去时间，第二分句当然也是指过去。

5. He was very busy yesterday; otherwise he___A__ to the meeting.
选择 A. would have come
解析：
1. 从 yesterday 可知，后面的“否则他回来参加会议的”指的也应该是过去。意思是昨天本来应该来参加会议，但是由于太忙而没有来。
2. 含有条件的虚拟句，对过去的虚拟应该用 would have done.
3. B. would come 和 C. could come 都是对现在的虚拟，而 D. had come 只能用在条件从句中表示对过去的虚拟。

6. I would have told him the answer had it been possible, but I _____ so busy then.
选择 C. was
解析：
1. but I was so busy then 是真实语气，意思是“当时确实很忙”。
2. A. had been 和 B. were 只能用在条件从句中表示虚拟，但是此处不是。
3. D. would be 是对现在的虚拟。

7 _____ the fog, we should have reached our school.
选择 D. But for
解析：只有表示条件才可能用到虚拟， A. Because of 表示原因，B. In spite of 表示让步，C. In case of 后面必须用动名词，改为 In case of there being the dog（万一有狗）才能用到虚拟， D. But for the dog 表示如果不是那只狗，符合虚拟要求。

8. I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything.
选择 A. knew （表示对现在的虚拟）
解析：
从 I can’t stand him 可知，这里说的是“我（现在）忍受不了他”。as though 引导的从句要求用虚拟语气，B. knows 和 C. has known 都表示真实语气，D. had known 是对过去的虚拟。
9 与上一题相似He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time.
选择 D. had been
解析：上题是对现在的虚拟，该题中主句 He looked 表示过去，因此是对过去的虚拟。

10. The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years.
选择 D. had been
解析：道理同上一题，因为句子中的 The two students talked 是过去时态，因此后面虚拟的也是过去。

11. Let’s say you could go there again, how _____ feel?
选择 C. would you
解析：you could go there again（假设你可以再次去那里）是虚设条件，因此 how would you feel 就是在这种虚设条件下可能出现的虚拟感受。

Answer 2

1 B was to have done表示对过去将来时态的虚拟，意思是原本要做，事实没做
2 A would rather后的宾语从句用一般过去时表虚拟
3 A 这里的suggest不是暗示，而是建议的意思。从句要用虚拟，即should do, should可省略。如果suggest是暗示的意思，从句就应该用had used
4 A 前半句是虚拟，would have made a lot of money本来可以挣很多钱的，后半句意思是“我们中途放弃了”，这个是事实，不用虚拟，所以用一般过去时
5 A 虚拟语气的隐含条件句，“不然的话他就会来开会了”表示对过去发生的事的虚拟，主句应该用：would have done, should have done, could have done, might have done意思稍有不同
6 C had it been possible=if it had been possible要是可能的话我是会告诉他答案的。if条件句中，如果助动词是had,should,were,可以将这三个词倒装，省略if.后半句 but I was so busy then是事实，不用虚拟
7 D but for要不是。要不是大雾的话，我们早该到学校了。in case of万一，以防，应该这样说：Please set off earlier in case of fog.请尽早出发，以防大雾。
8 A，as though/as if后面用一般过去时表对现在的虚拟
9 D 对的
10 D
11 C 从前半句看出是虚拟：我们假设一下你可以再去一次那里，你有什么感觉？所以后半句也是虚拟，将来时，用would

Answer 3

1B2D3A4A5A6C7D8D9D10D11C
1 琳达没有改变注意的话，一个月前她正准备要做实验的
2 D 虚拟语气 只有D是
3 suggest （should）do sth
4 我们本可以赚很多钱，但是我们最后放弃了。赚钱是虚拟的，放弃是真的 所以用过去式
5 要加助动词 所以选A
6 如果可以的话（这是虚拟语气）我会帮他的，但是当时我很忙（事实真正的情况，所以用过去式）。
7 要不是大雾 我们会达到学校的。大雾是真的，我们没有到达学校（所以到学校是虚拟语气）
虚拟语气同类型使用8，9，10
11 如果说你再去那个地方（虚拟语气），你的感觉会如何？假设性用虚拟语气，用would。

Answer 4

1.A be to do 将要