may have done 的用法

这个短语一般是用来表示“过去应完成但实际上未完成的动作”,但是2007考研英语text4有这样一句话:The current state affairs may have been encouraged--thought not justified--by the lack of legal penalty for data leakage.
星火英语的翻译是:现在的这种情况,可能会由于缺乏对资料泄露的法律制裁而愈演愈烈,虽然这是不正当的。
将may have done翻译成了将来时,求解释~

你理解错了。看下面的例句:John may have seen the film.(John也许看过这部电影了),我们可以把它改写成:It is possible that John has seen the film.所以从这两句我们可以看出,may have done并不表示“过去应完成但实际上未完成的动作”,其实,“过去应完成但实际上未完成的动作”应该是should have done这个结构:He should have come yesterday,but he didn't.以下两句句子的意义不一样:
1 He should have done his work already(他应该早就做完了工作,但的确没有做完。)
2 He may have already done his work,(他也许已经做完了工作,但讲话人不太肯定。)
-------------------------------------我希望,你已经理解了-------------------
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第1个回答  2018-06-12
may/might have done 推测过去
“may/might+动词的完成式”表示对过去发生的行为的推测。例如:
-Whatever has happened to George? 乔治发生了什么事?
-I don't know. He may have got lost. 我不知道,他可能迷路了。
You might have read about it in the papers.
你可能在报上已经看过这个消息了。
(之前我们做过can have done用法小结,can have done表推测时都是对过去进行推测,但是may have done不仅可以推测过去)
may/might have done 推测现在
“may/might+动词的完成式”表示对现在情况的推测。例如:
She might have got up now. 现在她可能已经起床了。
may/might have done 预测未来
“may/might+动词的完成式”表示推测将来某时之前的情况。例如:
He may have left when you get there. 等你到达的时候他可能已经离开了。
注意:may have done 和 might have done 表推测时,might 所表示的可能性比 may 小,语气较委婉:
How quickly time passed! It might have happened yesterday. 时间过得好快啊!这事好像就发生在昨天。
He might have seen the surprise in my face. 他或许已经看到了我惊异的表情。
might have done 表轻微责备
might have done 除了能够表推测,还能表示过去本来可以做而实际并没有做。这时带有轻微的责备之意。例如:
The proposal might have been refused. 这个建议本该拒绝的。(有轻微的责备之意)
I might have taken another path. 我本可以走另一条路。
may not/mightn't have done 表“可能不”
之前我们讲到过 can't/couldn't have done 是表示“不可能”,而 may not/mightn't have done 则是表示“可能不”,要注意区分哦:
He can't have been at the meeting, he's on a business trip this week. 他不可能有出席会议,他这周出公差。
We couldn't have done it without you. 没有你我们肯定完成不了。
They may not have known it beforehand. 他们事先可能不知道这事儿。
They mightn't have regarded me as their friend. 他们可能没有把我当作朋友看待。
第2个回答  2011-05-26
may have done 情态动词表推测
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