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Question

3 - Applying ozone on high kappa pulps (kraft and sulfite) to improve the bleached pulp yield
Christine Chirat, Dominique Lachenal, Dinah Nyangiro,
Marie-Thérèse Viardin, Karine Janel (EFPG)

The concept presented in this paper is the application of ozone on high kappa pulps in place of or in combination with oxygen to improve overall yield.
Ozonation was carried out on softwood kraft pulps with starting kappa numbers varying from 27 to 60 and the pulps were then fully bleached with DEDED. The 60 kappa number pulp treated by ozone showed about 2% better yield than the 27 kappa number pulp, both bleached by DEDED. It also showed 1% better yield than the 60 kappa number pulp treated by ODEDED. The more extensive retention of carbohydrates would be related to the higher content in lignin which prevents them from degradation. In the case of the hardwood kraft pulp the similar trend was observed.
Pulp strength properties were measured: for both the hardwood and softwood pulps the high kappa pulps treated by ozone were much easily refined in a PFI mill and showed equal or even better strength properties than the control pulps.
In a second set of experiments, the high kappa softwood kraft pulp was first treated by O and then by ozone: O(ZD)EpDED was then compared to OODEpDED. Even though less ozone was introduced, it was still possible to measure a benefit in yield.
The last part deals with the use of ozone as a first stage in a sulfite mill. There would be several interests of ozone in this case: the pulp is already acidic after the cooking (no acid addition necessary for the ozone stage), and consequently the effluents of the Z stage could be sent to the recovery boiler. This could solve environmental issues encountered in some mills (reduction of COD). Furthermore ozone is very reactive towards extractives.
Ozone was applied on 30 and 50 kappa number sulfite pulps : Z Ep P sequences were compared to the control sequence Ep P. Applying the Ep P sequence on the 30 kappa number pulp led to a kappa number of about 15 at a bleaching yield of 93,3 to be compared to 95,1 for Z Ep using 0,5% ozone, at the same kappa number.
In the case of the higher kappa pulp (50), about 2 points gain in yield could be observed when using Z Ep P instead of Ep P.

Answer 1

3- 应用新鲜的空气在高希腊文字母第 10 字之上果肉 (牛皮纸和亚硫酸盐) 改善那漂白果肉生产量
克里斯廷 Chirat 、 Dominique Lachenal ，狄娜 Nyangiro,
玛莉-Th 的 é r è se Viardin, Karine Janel(EFPG)

呈现的观念在这纸是新鲜的空气的申请在高希腊文字母第 10 字之上果肉代替或者在组合以氧改善全部的生产量。
Ozonation 在软木材牛皮纸上是被运的果肉与出发希腊文字母第 10 字数字从 27 改变到 60 和那果肉是然后完全漂白与 DEDED。60 希腊文字母第 10 字数字果肉治疗被新鲜的空气表示大约 2% 比较好的产生胜于 27 希腊文字母第 10 字数字果肉, 两者的漂白被 DEDED。 它也表示 1% 比较好的生产量超过 60 希腊文字母第 10 字数字果肉治疗被 ODEDED。 碳水化合物的比较广泛的保持对在从降格预防他们的木质素内的比较高的内容会是相关的。 在硬木牛皮纸果肉的情况相似的趋势是观察。
果肉力量特性是标准的: 因为硬木和软木材果肉那高希腊文字母第 10 字果肉治疗被新鲜的空气更加容易地精炼的在 PFI 中压榨机而且表示对手或更好的力量特性超过那控制果肉。
在第二组实验方面, 那高希腊文字母第 10 字软木材牛皮纸果肉是第一根据新鲜的空气由 O 和然后治疗: O(ZD) EpDED 然后与 OODEpDED 相较了。 即使较少的新鲜的空气是介绍, 它对尺寸仍然是可能的一利益在生产量。
那最后的部份交易与那使用新鲜的空气当做一第一阶段在亚硫酸盐中压榨机。 在这情况会有新鲜的空气的一些兴趣: 果肉已经产生酸在那之后烹饪 (没有酸附加必需品为新鲜的空气阶段), 和结果 Z 的流出物阶段可能是送对恢复煮器。 这可以解决环境的议题遇到在一些压榨机.(减少雪) 此外新鲜的空气向抽出物非常反动。
新鲜的空气在第 30 和第 50个希腊文字母第 10 字数字亚硫酸盐上是应用的果肉 :Z EP 盘 唱片 P 序列被相较那控制序列 EP 盘 唱片 P. 应用 EP 盘 唱片 P 序列在 30 希腊文字母第 10 字上数字果肉引导到希腊文字母第 10 字数字大约 15 在一漂白生产量 93,3 是比较至 95,1 为使用 05% 新鲜的空气的 Z EP 盘 唱片, 在相同的希腊文字母第 10 字数字。
在较高的希腊文字母第 10 字果肉 (50) 的情况, 大约 2 点增益在生产量可能是观察当使用 Z EP 盘 唱片 P 而非 EP 盘 唱片 P 的时候。