求问``英语好的来``时态问题

Question

请谁介绍一下英语的时态呀
像什么完成时呀
过去时呀
还有什么现在过去将来的

我学的很杂
请谁帮帮忙来系统的理一下呀

介绍下所有的时态以及它的标准式呀什么的还有简单的用法

谢谢

还有加分的

Answer 1

1.一般现在时: 主语+do/does(现在分词)
e.g We clean the room every day.
2.一般过去时: 主语+did
e.g We cleaned the room just now.
3.现在进行时: 主语+am/is/are doing
e.g We are cleaning the room now.
4.过去进行时: was/were doing
e.g We were cheaning the room at 5:00 yesterday afternoon.
e.g 5.现在完成时: have/has done
We have cleaned the room already.
6.过去完成时: had done
e.g We had cleaned the room before he arrived.
7.一般将来时: will do/
e.g We will clean the room tomorrow.
8.过去将来时: was/were to /would do
e.g He said he would clean the room next.

语 法 结 构 ——时 态（时态上）

一般现在时表示现在、经常或习惯的动作或状态和普遍现象、常识或客观真理；一般过去时用于过去某一时间内发生的或过去习惯性的动作或状态；一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，将来打算做的事情；现在完成时表示过去发生的动作造成目前的结果和对现在造成的影响或表示从过去延续至今的动作、状态和习惯等；将来完成时表示将来某时之前业已完成或发生的事情；过去完成时表示过去某时间之前已经发生的动作或状况，即过去的过去。注意每一种时态与其他时态的交叉使用情况。英语共有十六种时态，其表现形式如下(以study为例)：

一般时
进行时
完成时
完成进行时

现在
study
studies
am studying
is studying
are studying
have studied
has studied
have been studying
has been studying

过去
studied
was studying
were studying
had studied
had been studying

将来
shall study
will study
shall be studying
will be studying
shall have studied
will have studied
shall have been studying
will have been studying

过去将来
should study
would study
should be studying
would be studying
should have studied
would have studied
should have been studying
would have been studying

考试中出现的一般有以下几种。

I、一般现在时

一、表示一般性或经常发生的动作或状态

1) In general 〔A〕 ， newspapers emphasize current news， whereas 〔B〕 magazines dealt 〔C〕 more with 〔D〕 background materials.

2) The adult mosquito usually lives for about 〔A〕 thirty days， although 〔B〕 the life span varied 〔C〕 widely with temperature， humidity， and other 〔D〕 factors of the environment.

3) Industrial buyers 〔A〕 are responsible 〔B〕 for supplying 〔C〕 the goods and services that an organization required 〔D〕 for its operations.

二、表示习惯性动作和状态或普遍的现象或常识

4) It is an accepted 〔A〕 custom in west countries that 〔B〕 men removed 〔C〕 their hats when a woman enters 〔D〕 the room.

5) Certain layers of the atmosphere have special names .

〔A〕which indicated their character properties
〔B〕whose characteristic properties were indicating
〔C〕what characterize their indicated properties
〔D〕that indicate their characteristic properties

三、表示客观事实、客观规律和客观真理。在宾语从句中，即使主句的谓语动词用了过去时，只要从句表示的是客观真理，从句的谓语动词也要用一般现在时

6) The teacher told them since 〔A〕 light travels faster than 〔B〕 sound, lightning appeared 〔C〕 to go before 〔D〕 thunder.

7) As 〔A〕 a child, I was told that 〔B〕 the planet earth, which has 〔C〕 its own satellite, the moon, moved 〔D〕 round the sun.

四、祈使句必须用动词原形，其否定结构用“don't＋动词原形”，如：Go and fetch some water. ／ Don't do that.

五、在反义疑问句中，如果主句用肯定句，那么，反问句用否定形式；如果主句用否定形式，那么，反问句就用肯定形式。而且前后在时态上要一致。但祈使疑问句用won't you?进行反问。如：See a film tonight, won't you?

注：① 祈使句后边可用附加疑问句，以加强语气。如果祈使句用肯定形式，附加疑问句用否定形式；如果祈使句用否定形式，附加句用肯定形式；如： Come here next Sunday, won't you? ／ Don't tell it to anyone, will you? ② 但如果祈使句的前一句有了表示强烈[ZZ(]肯定[ZZ)]的语言环境，即使祈使句用了肯定形式，其附加成分也可以用“will you”(表示肯定，如果是在口语中用降调)。如：Give me the book, will you?

六、例题解析

1) C错。“in general”表示“一般”，所以主句用一般现在时，并列从句的谓语也是表示一般性，所以C处也应用一般现在时，故将其改为deal，而不是过去时dealt。

2) C错。本句的主从句中的“usually”表示“经常”，用一般现在时；而让步状语从句的谓语也是表示同一情况，所以也应当用一般现在时。故把C处的 varied改为varies。

3) D错。本句表述的是一般状况，前面的主句用的是现在时，后面的定语从句也应用现在时，应将required改为 requires。

4) C错。这里“it”是形式主语，代表主语从句“that…”，既然主句表示习惯(“an accepted custom”)，那么谓语就应当用一般现在时，而不能用过去时。所以将C处的removed改为remove。

5) D为正确答案。本句表述的也是自然现象，主句和从句都应用一般现在时，故A和B都不对；C不合语法，以“what”引导的从句不能作定语，只有D正确，这里“that”引导定语从句，修饰前边的名词“names”。

6) C错。本句宾语从句所表述的是客观事实，即“…light travels faster than sound,”虽然主句谓语动词用的是过去式“told”，从句也要用一般现在时，所以把C处的appeared改为appears。

7) D错。虽然主句的主语用了过去时“was told”，其宾语从句表示的是“地球绕着太阳转”这一客观规律，所以将D处的moved改为moves。注意：不能将C处的has改为had，因为这也是表示客观事实，也得用一般现在时。

II一般过去时

一、一般过去时主要表示过去某一时刻发生的动作或情况，句中通常有表示过去某一时刻的状语 a day ago, last week, in 1996, during the night, in anceint times等，表示“过多少时间之后”用after, 但在现在完成时中用in, 如in the past few years等

1) How many people remember 〔A〕 listening 〔B〕 to Orson Welles' 1938 radio broadcast 〔C〕 ， “ The War of the Worlds”， which convince 〔D〕 thousands that space aliens(外星人) had invaded the Earth?

2) The instructor had gone over 〔A〕 the problems many times 〔B〕 before 〔C〕 the students will take 〔D〕 the final examination.

3) Anthropologists agree 〔A〕 that our primitive ancestors 〔B〕 who inhabit 〔C〕 the tropics probably have natural protection against 〔D〕 the Sun.

二、例题解析

1) D错，改用过去时 convinced，因此处表述的是过去(1938年)所发生的情况，而现在则不是这样。“which”引导的从句修饰“…1938 radio breadcast”。

2) D错。由于主句使用的是过去完成时，表示在 过去 的某一动作发生之前，本句中的“before…”从句引导一个表示过去的时间状语。所以状语从句的谓语应用过去时态，应把将来时“will take”改为一般过去时took，以便和主句的过去完成时呼应。

3) C错，改为inhabited，既然是“我们的祖先 居住 的热带地区”，“居住”这一动作发生在过去，所以要用过去时。这里也要提醒大家：做语法题不仅要看特定的提示词如时间状语等，关键还在于读懂句子的意思。如，虽然本句的主语还是同一表示过去的名词主语“primitive ancestors”，其谓语动词就用现在时“have”。“我们的祖先有……”，这里的“有”，是现在我们看来的一种事实，所以用一般现在时。

III 一般将来时

一、一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或状况

1) But the weather experts 〔A〕 are now paying more attention to West Antarctic, which may be affected 〔B〕 by only a few degrees of warming: in other words, by a warming on the scale that would 〔C〕 possibly take place in the next fifty years from the burning 〔D〕 of fuels.(92年阅读理解题)

2) If traffic problems are not solved soon 〔A〕 ， driving 〔B〕 in 〔C〕 cities becomes 〔D〕 impossible.

二、在表示时间和条件的状语从句中，一般现在时代替一般将来时。这些时间副词有when, as soon as等，表示条件的连词有if,as long as等。

3 ) A desert area that has been 〔A〕 without water 〔B〕 for six years will still 〔C〕 bloom when rain will come 〔D〕 .

4) Come and see me whenever .(84年考题)
〔A〕 you are convenient 〔B〕 you will be convenient
〔C〕 it is convenient to you〔D〕 it will be convenient to you

5) The task is extremely difficult. If no one able to do it, we will have to find somebody else.

〔A〕 were
〔B〕 was
〔C〕 is
〔D〕 would

注意：如果这些副词或连词引导的是名词从句作宾语而不是状语从句时，这些名词从句的谓语动词则用该用的时态：I don't know when he will come.而且表示将来的助动词will还可以用以条件从句中，译为“愿意、肯”等。

三、一些表示方向及变化的瞬间动词可用进行时或现在时表示将要发生的动作

We leave (are leaving) for California the day after tomorrow.我们(计划)后天动身去加利福尼亚州。

May I have your attention please. The plane for Wuhan is about to take off.请注意，飞往武汉的飞机就要起飞了。

四、另外，“be +to ＋动词原形”也可表示打算做的事，还可表示责任、意向和可能性

You are to follow the doctor’s advice.你应遵从医嘱。

No shelter was to be seen.找不到避难处。

五、例题解析

1) C错，改为will。本题有表示将来的时间状语“in the next fifty years…”，所以谓语用一般将来时。

2) D错。由于从句中有表示时间的状语“soon”(不久，不远的将来)，主句的谓语也是在这一时间发生，所以要用将来时，那么D改为will become。

3) D错。本句主语是A desert area…will still bloom，状语从句是由when引导，表示“雨季到来时”，从句的谓语应用一般现在时表示将来，所以将C处的will come改为comes。

4) 正确答案为C。本题除了时态上的问题(即不用一般将来时)之外还涉及到主语和它的表语的逻辑问题。根据上述语法特点，首先排除B和D；题中“convenient”是“方便的”之意。虽然汉语“在你方便的时候”，似乎“方便”的主语是“你”，但在英语中就不是那么回事儿，“convenient”的英文的解释是“(sth) suited to personal ease or comfort or to easy performance of some act or function”(某事或物对某人来说感到舒适或容易作)，其主语应是“物”而不是“人”。本题应选C。所以学英语时，不仅要懂英语单词的汉语译文，更重要的是掌握英语单词的内涵与用法。建议身边备一个“英英”字典，如Longman Dictionary of Comtempory English。

Answer 2

在英语中, 时态是英语语法中的难点之一，它种类多，容易混淆，下面笔者通过几种时态比较, 帮助英语学习者理解和掌握时态的用法。

1. 现在一般时与现在完成时

1) I come from Shanghai(上海人）

I have come from Shanghai（从上海来）

2) You read very well. (强调能力）

You‘ve read very well. （强调一次刚完成的动作）

3) I forget.(一时想不起来了）

I have forgotten.（仍没想起来，可能已回忆起来了）

4) The book is written in simple English. (表状态）

The book has been written in simple English.（表动态，已用英语写成）

5) Every time I see him, he‘s been reading. （两个动作不可能同时进行）Every time I have seen him, he‘s been reading. (强调两个动作同时进行）

6) He is gone. (强调状态）He has gone （强调动作和时间）

7) He won‘t come till the play begins. (演出开始时）

He won‘t come till the play has begun.（戏已开始）

8) After I leave school, I‘ll go to college. （两个动作紧密相接）

After I have left school, I‘ll go to college.（强调毕业后，两个动作可能有间隔）

9) It is a long time since I saw you last. It‘s been a long time since I saw you last.(这两句话一样，后一句是美国英语）

10) Where are you? (在哪）Where have you been?(去了哪）

2. 现在一般时与现在进行时

1) He works hard.（强调始终如一）He is working hard.（强调现在）

2) What do you do? (干什么工作的）What are you doing?（在干什么）

3) Here comes the bus! (表高兴和欣慰）

The bus is coming.（汽车到来的情景）

4) I forget him name. I‘m forgetting his name.(差点把他的名字忘了）

5) You don‘t eat much. (强调胃口不大）

You‘re not eating much.（你怎么不吃呀）

6) The match starts at 7 o‘clock. (比较固定，不宜改变）

The match is starting at 7 o‘clock.（可以改变）

7) Tom always comes late. Tom is always coming late.(表示不满，责备）

8)Tom goes to college now.

Tom is going to college now.(这两句区别不大，后者更生动）

9） I tell you.（我可以告诉你）

I‘m telling you.(我告诉你吧，有感情色彩）

10) He always sleeps in the afternoon.

He is always sleeping in the afternoon.(后者意味着整个下午都睡掉了）

11) I expect you to phone me. ( 几乎等于命令）

I‘m expecting you to phone me.（婉转）

12) What do you say? What are you saying?(你说些什么呀，表说话人惊讶，不满）

12) I find that the book is too difficult for me.(强调结果） I‘m finding that the book is too difficult for me. (强调过程，逐渐感到）

13) Apples cost more these days.(强调事实)

Apples are costing more these days.(越来越贵)

14) He always thinks of others.

He‘s always thinking of others.(表示赞扬)

15) Whenever I see him, he argues with somebody.(强调两个动作有先后) Whenever I see him, he is arguing with somebody.(强调两个动作同时进行)

16) I hope you‘ll give us some advice.

I‘m hoping you‘ll give us some advice.(表示语气婉转)

17) I must go. (我应该去)I must be going.(我该走了)

18) We can discuss this while we eat.(说话是没用餐)

We can discuss this while we are eating.(进餐已开始)

参考资料：http://edu.china.com/zh_cn/elearn/xxzq/yf/11015167/20050202/12099689.html

Answer 3

英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或较常用的只有8种，而且重点测试完成时态。 要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。
1、一般现在时
主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语； 表示客观规律和永恒真理等。
He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning.
She has a brother who lives in New York.
The earth goes around the sun.
Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.
考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：
I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.
考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：
时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided.
If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.
考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句， 从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.
只要他努力工作， 我不介意他什么时候做完试验。
考点四：在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。
The harder you study, the better results you will get.
2、现在进行时
表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。
We are having English class.
The house is being built these days.
The little boy is always making trouble.
考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。
Look out when you are crossing the street.
Don\'t wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.
考点二： 表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。
Marry is leaving on Friday.
3、现在完成时
表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语：
考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点
They have lived in Beijing for five years.
They have lived in Beijing since 1995.
I have learned English for ten years.
考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days,
Has it stopped raining yet?
考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。
in the past few years/months/weeks/days；over the past few years; during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等
考点四：表示“第几次做某事，”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词 ＋that” 后面跟现在完成时。
This is my first time that I have visited China.
This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.
That is the only book that he has written.
4．一般过去时
表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; when, 注意：
考点一：used to + do，表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。to为不定式，后接动词原形。
be/become/get used to + doing，表示习惯于
He used to smoke a lot.
He has got used to getting up early.
考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。
He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise
5. 过去进行时
表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。
The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from work.
He was taking a walk leisurely by the lake when he heard someone shouted for help.
What were you doing at nine last night?
The radio was being repaired when you called me.
6. 过去完成时
表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用 ( before, after, by, up till )
There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.
By the end of last term we had finished the book.
They finished earlier than we had expected.
考点一：用于hardly/scarcely...when; no sooner ...than 句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。
I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.
I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow.
No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. （注意主谓倒装）
考点二：表示“第几次做某事”，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。
That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather.
It was 3 years since we had parted。
考点三：动词hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan 用过去完成时，表示未实现的愿望、打算和意图。
I had hoped that I could do the job.
I had intended to see you but I was too busy.
7. 一般将来时
表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用，其表现形式多达5种。
Beijing will host the 29th Olympic Games in 2008.
考点一：一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中：
We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.
（主句用一般将来时，从句中一定要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。）
考点二：某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。
I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
考点三：“祈使句 + and/or + 句子”，这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。
Use your head and you will find a way.
考点四：“am (is, are) going to + 动词原形”，表示打算要做的事或可能要发生的事。
“am (is, are) about to + 动词原形”表示按照预定计划或打算准备着手进行的动作。
“am (is, are) to + 动词原形”表示必须、必然或计划将要做的事。
They are to be married in this May.
8、将来进行时
表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。
I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天这会我正在写作业。
The President will be meeting the foreign delegation at the airport.
9、将来完成时
表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。
考点一：常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的副词从句。
By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.
By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.
By next Tuesday, I will have got ready for the exams.
考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，将来完成时则由现在完成时表示。
The children will do their homework the moment they have arrived back from school