《阿甘正传》（Forrest Gump），是一部根据同名小说改编的美国电影，荣获1994年度奥斯卡最佳影片奖、奥斯卡最佳男主角奖、奥斯卡最佳导演奖等6项大奖。
目录
[隐藏]
* 1 故事情节
* 2 与原著小说的不同
* 3 主要角色
* 4 批评
* 5 其他
* 6 外部链接
[编辑] 故事情节
注意： 下文记述作品情节，或许会降低欣赏原作的兴致。
阿甘出生在美国南方阿拉巴马州一个小城市，和他的母亲相依为命。他从小就因为背部弯曲的问题而需要将矫形支架安装在腿部。阿甘的智商只有75，按入学标准只能上为弱智儿童设立的特殊学校，这些都使阿甘和同龄人显得那么的不同。所幸阿甘有一个爱他的母亲，她知道阿甘有种种缺陷，但对阿甘抱着殷切的期望，希望他接受正常的教育，过和其它人一样的生活。阿甘有非凡的运动天赋，在他的成长过程中逐渐显露出来，并使他能够上大学，能够在越战中立功，能够参加国家乒乓球球队，能够攒下一笔存款让他开始捕虾生意去实现他对死去战友的诺言。阿甘智商虽低，但他单纯善良、信念坚定，做到了很多正常人想不到、做不到的事，在运动、战场、商场都取得了非凡的成就。阿甘的人生历程中穿插著美国战后的一些重大事件，如猫王、披头士乐队、种族问题、越战与反战、水门事件、乒乓外交、爱滋病(AIDS)等等。阿甘的故事像一面多棱镜一样折射出生活的各个方面，引发观众对自己生活的思考。
记述作品的情节在此处结束。
[编辑] 与原著小说的不同
基于小说阿甘正传的电影，都是围绕主角阿甘而展开的故事，但电影更侧重于小说的开始11章，改变了成立阿布·阿甘养虾公司、最后成为流浪街头的大富翁的结局。更没有提到中间阿甘当太空人，落到食人部落中生活，跟猩猩成为好友，成为国际象棋以及摔跤明星的过程。而阿甘的女友珍也没有因绝症(AIDS) 而死去，而是在怀孕后当上了护士，在阿甘流浪街头的时候还见到了他智商超群的儿子小阿甘。阿甘在中国的经历也被大大简化，完全没有幽默的剧情。
然而电影却增加了一些剧情，例如给他的腿装了支架以及后来跑遍全美国的事情。
阿甘的核心特征和性格也在电影中被改变，小说中阿甘总不能如己所愿却有出人意料的福气，而且大智若愚才华横溢，视财富为粪土，崇尚自由主义；而电影中的阿甘更显得有坚持不懈精神，终获成功，甚至颇有组织能力。有报道称原作者Groom曾为此改变而表示厌烦。
[编辑] 主要角色
演员 角色
汤姆·汉克斯 福雷斯特·甘
罗宾·怀特·佩恩 珍妮·可兰
加里·辛尼斯 丹·泰来
莎莉·菲尔德 甘太太
米高特·威廉逊 本雅明·布福特·“布巴”·布路
米高·康尼尔·汉福尔斯 童年阿甘
康娜·霍尔 童年珍妮
哈尔利·祖尔·奥斯曼 小福雷斯特·甘
[编辑] 批评
虽然此片人气非常高，但并不是人见人爱，尤其是美国之外的地区对其有各种批评。在一些认为美国人天真、无知、幼稚的地区（比如欧洲），很多人觉得这部电影过分赞扬“无知便是福”的人生观，将残酷的真实生活解决得过于简单。很多影评人也指岀，阿甘虽然坚强、单纯，但他从来没有自己主动选择过人生道路，不曾自己独立思索，从小就是别人告诉他应该如何生活、工作、打仗；相反，在小说原著里的思想独立、敢于抗争、奋力争取自由的珍妮却被写得失魂落魄最后去世。
[编辑] 其他
这部电影有一句名言，至今仍为人津津乐道，这是由阿甘的母亲所说的:“人生有如一盒巧克力，你永远不知道你将尝到哪种味道。”
除了有趣的故事情节外，本片应用了初步成熟的电脑合成特效也在当时成为话题，电影的特效制作小组维妙维肖的将阿甘的影像合成到约翰·肯尼迪、林登·约翰逊、理查德·尼克松与约翰·列侬的记录片中，几可乱真的特效既获得了一致赞赏，也预告了好莱坞电脑特效时代的来临。
Forrest Gump is an Academy Award-winning 1994 drama film based on the 1986 novel of the same name by Winston Groom and the name of the title character of both. The film was a huge commercial success, earning US$ 677 million worldwide during its theatrical run making it the top grossing film in North America released that year. The film garnered a total of 13 Academy Award nominations, of which it won six, including Best Picture, Best Visual Effects, Best Director (Robert Zemeckis), and Best Actor (Tom Hanks).
The film tells the story of a man with an IQ of 75 and his epic journey through life, meeting historical figures, influencing popular culture and experiencing first-hand historic events of the 20th century while being largely unaware of their significance, due to his low intelligence. The film differs substantially from the book on which it was based.
Contents
[hide]
* 1 Plot
* 2 Cast
* 3 Themes
* 4 Production details
o 4.1 Differences from novel
* 5 Reception
o 5.1 Awards and nominations
* 6 Soundtrack
* 7 Sequel
* 8 See also
* 9 References
* 10 External links
[edit] Plot
The film begins with a feather falling to the feet of Forrest Gump who is sitting at a bus stop in Savannah, Georgia. Forrest picks up the feather and puts it in the book Curious George, then tells the story of his life to a woman seated next to him. The listeners at the bus stop change regularly throughout his narration, each showing a different attitude ranging from disbelief and indifference to rapt veneration.
On his first day of school, he meets a girl named Jenny, whose life is followed in parallel to Forrest's at times. One day after school, he is being threatened by a group of bullies because of his leg braces. Jenny tells him to run, and he does so, losing his leg braces in the process. Having discarded his leg braces, his ability to run at lightning speed gets him into college on a football scholarship. He excels at football so much that he becomes an All-American, and meets John F. Kennedy.
After his college graduation, he enlists in the army and is sent to Vietnam. In boot camp, Forrest makes fast friends with a man named Bubba (Mykelti Williamson), who convinces Forrest to go into the shrimping business with him when the war is over. After finishing boot camp, Bubba and Forrest are assigned to the same platoon and upon arrival in Vietnam, Forrest meets his commanding officer, Lieutenant Dan Taylor (Gary Sinise). Lieutenant Dan came from a military family, and had lost an ancestor in every American war. Later while on patrol, Forrest's platoon is attacked. Though Forrest rescues many of the men, including Lt Dan, whose legs were severely injured and are later amputated, Bubba is killed in action. Forrest is awarded the Medal of Honor for his heroism, and meets Lyndon B. Johnson at his award ceremony.
While Forrest is in recovery for a bullet shot to his buttocks, he discovers his uncanny ability for ping-pong, eventually gaining popularity and rising to celebrity status, later playing ping-pong in China. After meeting Abbie Hoffman at an anti-war rally in Washington, D.C. Forrest reunites with Jenny, who has been living a hippie counterculture lifestyle. He also encounters Lt. Dan, who has become a bitter alcoholic having felt that it was his destiny to die on the battlefield in Vietnam. Forrest celebrates New Years Eve with Dan, who is initially hostile and uses Forrest as a means of obtaining alcohol. When Forrest tells of his and Bubba's plan to buy a shrimping boat, Dan mocks Forrest and sarcastically promises that he will become first mate of the ship. However, Dan later finds empathy with the fact that Forrest has been discriminated against in the past because of his perceived low IQ, likening it to his own experience of disability.
Forrest endorses a company that makes ping-pong paddles, earning himself $25,000, which he uses to buy a shrimping boat, fulfilling his promise to Bubba. Lieutenant Dan returns to fulfill his earlier promise and becomes first mate of the ship. Forrest and Lt. Dan fail to pull in much shrimp at first. During Hurricane Carmen, both men stay out in the middle of the ocean with the boat-- by fate, theirs is the only shrimping boat surviving. The lack of competition helps Lt. Dan and Forrest's catch to become huge amounts of shrimp. Lt. Dan invests the money in "some kind of fruit company" and Forrest is financially secure for the rest of his life. Forrest names his company Bubba Gump, which inspired an actual shrimp restaurant. Returning home, Forrest finds out that his mother has cancer and later dies.
One day, Jenny returns to visit Forrest and he proposes marriage to her. She declines, though feels obliged to prove her love to him by sleeping with him. She leaves early the next morning. On a whim, Forrest elects to go for a run. Seemingly capriciously, he decides to keep running across the country several times, over some three and a half years, becoming famous. During his run, Forrest unwittingly inspires two separate entrepreneurs to create Smiley Face/"Have a Nice Day" t-shirts and "Shit Happens" bumper stickers.
In present-day, Forrest reveals that he is waiting at the bus stop because he received a letter from Jenny who, having seen him run on television, asks him to visit her. Once he is reunited with Jenny, Forrest discovers she has a young son, of whom Forrest is the father. Jenny tells Forrest she is suffering from a virus (probably AIDS, though this is never definitively stated).[1][2][3] Together the three move back to Greenbow, Alabama. Jenny and Forrest finally marry, with Lieutenant Dan arriving for the wedding while walking on two legs with the use of prosthetic limbs. However, Jenny dies soon afterward.
The film ends with father and son waiting for the school bus on little Forrest's first day of school. Opening the book his son is taking to school, the white feather from the beginning of the movie is seen to fall from within the pages. As the bus pulls away, the white feather is caught on a breeze and drifts skyward.
[edit] Cast
* Tom Hanks as Forrest Gump
* Robin Wright Penn as Jenny Curran
* Gary Sinise as Lt. Dan Taylor
* Mykelti Williamson as Benjamin Buford "Bubba" Blue
* Sally Field as Mrs. Gump
* Haley Joel Osment as Young Forrest Gump Jr.[4]
* Hanna R. Hall as Young Jenny Curran
* Sam Anderson as Principal Hancock
* Margo Moorer as Louise
* Peter Dobson as Elvis Presley
* Siobhan Fallon as Dorothy Harris
* Sonny Shroyer as Coach Paul "Bear" Bryant
* Richard D'Alessandro as Abbie Hoffman
* Geoffrey Blake as Wesley
* Haley Joel Osment as Forrest Gump Jr.
* Dick Cavett as Himself
[edit] Themes
Though superficially Gump might not seem to understand all that goes on around him, the viewer gets the sense that he knows enough, the rest being superfluous detail. Roger Ebert offers the example of Jenny telling Forrest, "You don't know what love is."[5]
Over Jenny's grave, Forrest ponders whether life is governed by a predetermined fate, as his mother offers on her deathbed, or whether it's a series of meaningless accidents, as his Vietnam commanding officer emphatically believes, concluding "maybe it's both, maybe both happening at the same time." The feather at either end of the movie may represent this train of thought-- it floats randomly in the breeze, but will eventually, inevitably come floating back down.
It has been noted that while Forrest follows a very conservative lifestyle, Jenny's life is full of countercultural embrace, complete with drug usage and antiwar rallies, and that their eventual marriage might be a kind of tongue-in-cheek reconciliation.[5]
Other commentators believe that the film forecast the 1994 Republican Revolution and used the image of Forrest Gump to promote traditional, conservative values adhered by Gump's character.[6]
[edit] Production details
Ken Ralston and his team at Industrial Light & Magic were responsible for the film's visual effects. Using CGI-techniques it was possible to depict Gump meeting now-deceased presidents and shaking their hands.
Archival footage was used and with the help of techniques like chroma key, warping, morphing and rotoscoping, Tom Hanks was integrated into it. This feat was honored with an Oscar for Best Visual Effects.
The CGI removal of actor Gary Sinise's legs, after his character had them amputated, was achieved by wrapping his legs with a blue fabric, which later facilitated the work of the "roto-paint"-team to paint out his legs from every single frame. At one point, while hoisting himself into his wheelchair, his "missing" legs are used for support.
Dick Cavett played himself in the 1970s with make-up applied to make it appear that he was much younger than the commentator was during the filming. Consequently, Cavett is the only well-known figure in the film to actually play himself for the feature, rather than via archive footage.
[edit] Differences from novel
Forrest Gump is based on the 1986 novel by Winston Groom. Both center around the character of Forrest Gump. However, the film primarily focuses on the first eleven chapters of the novel, before skipping ahead to the end of the novel with the founding of Bubba Gump Shrimp and the meeting with Forrest Jr. In addition to skipping some parts of the novel, the film adds several aspects to Forrest's life that do not occur in the novel, such as his needing leg braces as a child and his run across the country.
Forrest's core character and personality are also changed from the novel, among other things he is a savant - while playing football at the university, he fails craft and gym, but receives a perfect score in an advanced physics class he was enrolled in by his coach to satisfy his college requirements.
[edit] Reception
In Tom Hanks' words, "The film is non-political and thus non-judgmental". Nevertheless, in 1994, CNN's Crossfire debated whether the film promoted conservative values or was an indictment of the counter-culture movement of the 1960s. The film received mostly positive critical reviews at the time of its release, with Roger Ebert saying, "The screenplay by Eric Roth has the complexity of modern fiction....[Hanks'] performance is a breathtaking balancing act between comedy and sadness, in a story rich in big laughs and quiet truths....what a magical movie."[7] The film received notable pans from several major reviewers, however, including The New Yorker and Entertainment Weekly, which said that the movie "reduces the tumult of the last few decades to a virtual-reality theme park: a baby-boomer version of Disney's America."[8] As of June 2008, the film garners a 72% "Fresh" rating from critics on Rotten Tomatoes.[9]
However, the film is commonly seen as a polarizing one for audiences, with Entertainment Weekly writing in 2004, "Nearly a decade after it earned gazillions and swept the Oscars, Robert Zemeckis' ode to 20th-century America still represents one of cinema's most clearly drawn lines in the sand. One half of folks see it as an artificial piece of pop melodrama, while everyone else raves that it's sweet as a box of chocolates."[10] The film also came in at #76 on AFI's Top-100 American movies of all time list in 2007.
While the film illustrates "the powerful role that social memory plays in constructing concepts of nation" by placing "in relief the power of memory and narratives of memory to create subjective connections to the past," it also "creates a kind of prosthetic memory of the period [the 1960s] so that it can be integrated into the traditional narrative of nation" and "thus imagines America as a kind of virtual nation whose historical debts have been forgiven and whose disabilities have all been corrected."[11]
[edit] Awards and nominations
Award and nominations won by Forrest Gump [show]
1994 Academy Awards (Oscars)
* Won - Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role — Tom Hanks
* Won - Best Director — Robert Zemeckis
* Won - Best Film Editing — Arthur Schmidt
* Won - Best Picture — Wendy Finerman, Steve Starkey, Steve Tisch
* Won - Best Visual Effects — Ken Ralston, George Murphy, Stephen Rosenbaum, Allen Hall
* Won - Best Adapted Screenplay — Eric Roth
* Nominated - Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role — Gary Sinise (as Lieutenant Dan Taylor)
* Nominated - Best Achievement in Art Direction — Rick Carter, Nancy Haigh
* Nominated - Best Achievement in Cinematography — Don Burgess
* Nominated - Best Makeup — Daniel C. Striepeke, Hallie D'Amore
* Nominated - Best Original Score — Alan Silvestri
* Nominated - Best Sound Mixing — Randy Thom, Tom Johnson, Dennis S. Sands, William B. Kaplan
* Nominated - Best Sound Editing — Gloria S. Borders, Randy Thom
1995 Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy & Horror Films (Saturn Awards)
* Won - Best Supporting Actor (Film) — Gary Sinise
* Won - Best Fantasy Film
* Nominated - Best Actor (Film) — Tom Hanks
* Nominated - Best Music — Alan Silvestri
* Nominated - Best Special Effects — Ken Ralston
* Nominated - Best Writing — Eric Roth
1995 Amanda Awards
* Won - Best Film (International)
1995 American Cinema Editors (Eddies)
* Won - Best Edited Feature Film — Arthur Schmidt
1995 American Comedy Awards
* Won - Funniest Actor in a Motion Picture (Leading Role) — Tom Hanks
1995 American Society of Cinematographers
* Nominated - Outstanding Achievement in Cinematography in Theatrical Releases — Don Burgess
1995 BAFTA Film Awards
* Won - Outstanding Achievement in Special Visual Effects — Ken Ralston, George Murphy, Stephen Rosenbaum, Doug Chiang, Allen Hall
* Nominated - Best Actor in a Leading Role — Tom Hanks
* Nominated - Best Actress in a Supporting Role — Sally Field
* Nominated - Best Film — Wendy Finerman, Steve Tisch, Steve Starkey, Robert Zemeckis
* Nominated - Best Cinematography — Don Burgess
* Nominated - David Lean Award for Direction — Robert Zemeckis
* Nominated - Best Editing — Aurthur Schmidt
* Nominated - Best Adapted Screenplay — Eric Roth
1995 Casting Society of America (Artios)
* Nominated - Best Casting for Feature Film, Drama — Ellen Lewis
1995 Chicago Film Critics Association Awards
* Won - Best Actor — Tom Hanks
1995 Directors Guild of America
* Won - Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures — Robert Zemeckis, Charles Newirth, Bruce Moriarity, Cherylanne Martin, Dana J. Kuznetzkoff
1995 Golden Globe Awards
* Won - Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama — Tom Hanks
* Won - Best Director - Motion Picture — Robert Zemeckis
* Won - Best Motion Picture - Drama
* Nominated - Best Supporting Actor - Motion Picture — Gary Sinise
* Nominated - Best Supporting Actress - Motion Picture — Robin Wright Penn
* Nominated - Best Original Score — Alan Silvestri
* Nominated - Best Screenplay - Motion Picture — Eric Roth
1995 Heartland Film Festival
* Won - Studio Crystal Heart Award — Winston Groom
1995 MTV Movie Awards
* Nominated - Best Breakthrough Performance — Mykelti Williamson
* Nominated - Best Male Performance — Tom Hanks
* Nominated - Best Movie
1995 Motion Picture Sound Editors (Golden Reel Award)
* Won - Best Sound Editing
1994 National Board of Review of Motion Pictures
* Nominated - Best Actor — Tom Hanks
* Nominated - Best Supporting Actor — Gary Sinise
* Nominated - Best Picture
1995 PGA Golden Laurel Awards
* Won - Motion Picture Producer of the Year Award — Wendy Finerman, Steve Tisch, Steve Starkey, Charles Newirth
1995 People's Choice Awards
* Won - Favorite All-Around Motion Picture
* Won - Favorite Dramatic Motion Picture
1995 Screen Actors Guild Awards
* Won - Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role — Tom Hanks
* Nominated - Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role — Gary Sinise
* Nominated - Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role — Sally Field & Robin Wright Penn
1995 Writers Guild of America Awards
* Won - Best Screenplay Adapted from Another Medium — Eric Roth
1995 Young Artist Awards
* Won - Best Performance in a Feature Film - Young Actor 10 or Younger — Haley Joel Osment
* Won - Best Performance in a Feature Film - Young Actress 10 or Younger — Hanna R. Hall
* Nominated - Best Performance in a Feature Film - Young Actor Co-Starring — Michael Conner Humphreys
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