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虽然均可表示“花费”,但所用主语不同:take 的主语可以是事或物(包括形式主语 it),也可以是人;spend 的主语只能是人,不能是事或物;cost 的主语通常是事或物(包括形式主语 it),不能是人具体区别及用法去下:
1、spend的主语必须是人, 常用于以下结构:
(1) spend time /money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)。
eg:I spent three minutes on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我三分钟。
(2) spend time / money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。
eg:They spent three years (in) building this road 修这条路花了他们3年时间
(3)spend money for sth. 花钱买……。
eg:His money was spent for computer. 他花钱买电脑了。
2、cost的主语是物或者一种活动, 还可以用来表示“值”, 常用用法如下:
(1)sth. costs (sb.) +金钱或某物花了(某人)多少钱。
eg:A new Iphone costs a lot of money. 买一部手机需要花很多钱
(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +时间或者某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。
eg:Remembering these numbers cost him a lot of time. 记这些数字花了他大量的时间。
3、take后面一般跟双宾语, 常见用法如下所示:
(1) It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。
eg:It took them five years to build this bridge. 修这座桥花了他们五年时间。
(2)doing sth. takes sb. +时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。
eg:Repairing this computer took him the whole morning. 修电脑花了他一上午的时间
4、pay的常见用法如下所示:
(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。
eg:I have to pay them 1100 RMB for this house each month. 我每个月要交1110的房租。
(2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。
eg:I have to pay for the mp3 lost. 我不得不赔丢失的mp3的钱。
(3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。
(4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。
eg: They pay usevery month.他们每月给我们报酬。
(5)pay money back 还钱。
eg:May I borrow 100 yuan from you? I'll pay it back this afternoon. 你能不能借一百块钱给我,下午就换给你。
(6)pay off one's money 还清钱
扩展资料:
从句型结构来看。通常句型为:
sth costs (sb) money 某物花某人多少钱
it costs (sb) money to do sth 做某事花某人多少钱
sb spends time (money) on sth 某人在某一方面花多少钱
sb spends time (money) in [on] doing sth 某人在做某事方面花多少钱
it takes sb time (money) to do sth = it takes time (money) for sb to do sth 做某事花某人多少时间或钱
sth takes sb time (money) to do 某事花某人多少时间或钱去做
sb takes time (money) to do 某人花多少时间或钱去做某事
参考资料:百度百科-Spend 百度百科-Cost 百度百科-Pay 百度百科-take