翻译高手请进！

Question

请将下面的中文翻译成英文，谢谢！
Verschueren 提出的“选择——顺应”综观论,宏观上对语言现象,从认知、社会、文化方面进行综合考察,微观上在语言结构所有层次上对语言顺应与选择进行研究。笔者认为,翻译行为是一种跨语言 、跨文化的交际互动行为。译者一方面(微观)是在进行语码选择与转换;另一方面,译者的选择过程(宏观)受到了思维和认识、社会文化等诸多因素的影响。由此看来,“选择——顺应”的语言综观论对翻译研究会有启示作用。在某种程度上,翻译行为可以被描述为译者在不同意识程度下适应交际活动的需要而不断进行语言选择的过程。
2. 翻译作为一种特殊的交际行为与顺应论研究的结合点
翻译作为一种特殊的交际行为,它具备一般交际行为的特点,如译者与原文作者和目标读者构成双向交流的整体。但我们也应该看到它的独特性。首先,翻译异于普通的交际,在翻译过程中,交际双方(原文作者和译文目标读者)都是不在场的,所以交际过程不能像同时同地交际一样连贯进行。其次,译者作为交际主体得到回应、反馈的时间间隔比较长。译者创作出译文后,目标读者的反馈交际信息要相当长的时间才能出现,那时译者才能再次修改译文并做出反应。由此,我们可以看出翻译是一种时间、空间错位的一种特殊交际过程,而顺应论尤其适用于交际行为过程的分析。

二、翻译中顺应论的应用

(一)顺应论视角下的翻译过程
按照译学辞典的定义,翻译过程是指翻译活动所经历的程序。一般认为包括三个阶段:理解原文、用目的语表达、校验修改译文。狭义的翻译过程,一般理解为翻译者对具体文本的转换活动过程。广义的翻译过程还包括文本的选择、文本的生成和文本生命的历程等过程。本文试从顺应论角度仅针对狭义的翻译过程展开探讨。
Nida在《翻译理论与实践》一书中提出,通过分析、转换及重构三重关系,人们可以将原语转换成译语,如图2所示:

Answer 1

专业翻译：
Verschueren proposes “the choice - - to comply with” the comprehensive survey theory, macroscopically to the language phenomenon, from the cognition, the society, the cultural aspect carries on the comprehensive survey, microscopically complies with in language structure all levels to the language with the choice conducts the research. The author believed that the translation behavior is one cross language, the Trans-Culture human relations interaction behavior. The translator (microscopic) is at the same time is carrying on the language code choice and the transformation; On the other hand, translator's choice process (macroscopic) has received the thought and the understanding, the social culture and so on many factor influences. Therefore, “the choice - - complies with” the language comprehensive survey discusses to the translation research board has the enlightenment function. To a certain extent, the translation behavior may describe adapts for the translator under the different consciousness degree the human relations activity need to carry on unceasingly the language selection the process. 2. The translation takes one kind of special human relations behavior with to comply with discusses the research combining site the translation to take one kind of special human relations behavior, it has the general human relations behavior characteristic, like the translator and the original text author and the goal reader constitute the two-way exchange whole. But we should also see its distinctive quality. First, the translation is at variance with the ordinary human relations, in the translation process, human relations both sides (original text author and translation goal reader) is not on the scene, therefore the human relations process cannot look like at the same time is equally coherent with the place human relations carries on. Next, the translator obtains the response, the feedback time-gap comparison as the human relations main body to be long. After the translator creates the translation, the goal reader's feedback human relations information must the quite long time be able to appear, the translator could revise the translation once more and make the response at that time. From this, we may see the translation are one kind of time, the spatial dislocation one kind of special human relations process, but complies with discusses is suitable especially for the human relations behavior process analysis. in the two, translations complies with application which discusses (1) to comply with discusses under the angle of view translation process according to translate study the dictionary definition, the translation process refers to the procedure which the translation activity experiences. Generally thinks including three stages: Understood that the original text, with the goal language expression, the verification revises the translation. Narrow translation process, generally understanding for translator to concrete text transformation active procedure. The generalized translation process also includes the text the choice, text production and text life processes and so on course. This article tries from to comply with discusses the angle only to aim at narrow the translation process to launch the discussion. Nida in a book proposed in "Translation Theory And Practice" that through the analysis, transforms and restructures three heavy relations, the people may primitive transform Cheng Yiyu, as shown in Figure 2:
谢谢……

Answer 2

Verschueren proposes “the choice - - to comply with” the comprehensive survey theory, macroscopically to the language phenomenon, from the cognition, the society, the cultural aspect carries on the comprehensive survey, microscopically complies with in language structure all levels to the language with the choice conducts the research. The author believed that the translation behavior is one cross language, the Trans-Culture human relations interaction behavior. The translator (microscopic) is at the same time is carrying on the language code choice and the transformation; On the other hand, translator's choice process (macroscopic) has received the thought and the understanding, the social culture and so on many factor influences. Therefore, “the choice - - complies with” the language comprehensive survey discusses to the translation research board has the enlightenment function. To a certain extent, the translation behavior may describe adapts for the translator under the different consciousness degree the human relations activity need to carry on unceasingly the language selection the process. 2. The translation takes one kind of special human relations behavior with to comply with discusses the research combining site the translation to take one kind of special human relations behavior, it has the general human relations behavior characteristic, like the translator and the original text author and the goal reader constitute the two-way exchange whole. But we should also see its distinctive quality. First, the translation is at variance with the ordinary human relations, in the translation process, human relations both sides (original text author and translation goal reader) is not on the scene, therefore the human relations process cannot look like at the same time is equally coherent with the place human relations carries on. Next, the translator obtains the response, the feedback time-gap comparison as the human relations main body to be long. After the translator creates the translation, the goal reader's feedback human relations information must the quite long time be able to appear, the translator could revise the translation once more and make the response at that time. From this, we may see the translation are one kind of time, the spatial dislocation one kind of special human relations process, but complies with discusses is suitable especially for the human relations behavior process analysis. in the two, translations complies with application which discusses (1) to comply with discusses under the angle of view translation process according to translate study the dictionary definition, the translation process refers to the procedure which the translation activity experiences. Generally thinks including three stages: Understood that the original text, with the goal language expression, the verification revises the translation. Narrow translation process, generally understanding for translator to concrete text transformation active procedure. The generalized translation process also includes the text the choice, text production and text life processes and so on course. This article tries from to comply with discusses the angle only to aim at narrow the translation process to launch the discussion. Nida in a book proposed in "Translation Theory And Practice" that through analysis, transformation and restructuring tertiary relations, the people may primitive transform Cheng Yiyu, as shown in Figure 2:

Answer 3

Verschueren's "choice - comply with" On the whole, the macro language on the phenomenon, from a cognitive, social and cultural aspects of a comprehensive inspection, the micro-structure of the language on all levels conform with the choice of language study. The author believes that acts of translation is a cross-language, cross-cultural communication interaction. On the one hand, the translator (micro) is conducting code selection and conversion; On the other hand, the translator of the selection process (macroeconomic) was thinking and understanding of social and cultural, and other factors. In view of this, "choice - comply with the" whole language translation of the study will be enlightening. To some extent, the act of translation can be described as a translator at different level of awareness of communication activities to the needs of the language selection process.
2. Translation as a special communication behavior and conform to the point of study
Translation as a special communication, it has the characteristics of general communication, such as the translator and author of the original target audience and a two-way communication as a whole. But we should also see that it's unique. First, the translation is different from ordinary communication, in the translation process, the Communication both sides (the original goal of the author and asked readers) are not here, so the process can not be like the Communication and Communication at the same time as consistent with the conduct. Secondly, the translator as the main communication response, feedback of a longer time interval. Asked the translator to create, target audience feedback communication of information to for a long time to appear, then the translator can be amended again and asked to respond. From this we can see that the translation is a time and space dislocation of a special communication process, and comply with applicable to the communication of particular acts of the analysis process.

Second, the translation of the application conform to

(A) conform to the Perspective of the translation process
According to the dictionary definition of translation, the translation process is the translation of activities that have experienced the process. Generally considered to include three phases: understanding the original text, with target expression, check Laws asked. Narrow the translation process, the general understanding for the specific text of the translation to the process of conversion activity. Generalized the translation process also includes the choice of text, text, text and the formation of life, such as the history of the process. This paper tries to conform to the narrow sense of perspective only for the start of the translation process.
Nida in "Translation Theory and Practice" by the book, through analysis, conversion and remodeling triple, the original language can be translated into words, as shown in Figure 2:本回答被提问者采纳

Answer 4

Verschueren proposes “the choice - - to comply with” comprehensive survey theory, on macroscopic to language phenomenon, from the cognition, the society, the cultural aspect carries on the comprehensive survey, on microscopic in language structure all levels to the language complied with and the choice conducts the research. The author believed that, the translation behavior is one cross language, the Trans-Culture human relations interaction behavior. On the one hand the translator (microscopic) is carrying on the language code choice and the transformation; On the other hand, translator's choice process (macroscopic) has received the thought and the understanding, the social culture and so on many factor influences. Judging from this, “the choice - - complied with” the language comprehensive survey discusses to the translation research board has the enlightenment function. To a certain extent, the translation behavior may describe adapts for the translator under the different consciousness degree the human relations activity need to carry on unceasingly the language choice the process.
2. translations took one kind of special human relations behavior and the accommodation discusses the research the combining site.
The translation took one kind of special human relations behavior, it has the general human relations behavior characteristic, like the translator and the original text author and the goal reader constitute the two-way exchange whole. But we also should see its distinctive quality. First, the translation is at variance with the ordinary human relations, in the translation process, human relations both sides (original text author and translation goal reader) all does not present, therefore the human relations process cannot look like at the same time is equally coherent with the place human relations carries on. Next, the translator obtains the response, the feedback time-gap as the human relations main body quite is long. After the translator creates the translation, the goal reader's feedback human relations information must the quite long time be able to appear, the translator could revise the translation once more and make the response at that time. From this, we may see the translation are one kind of time, the spatial dislocation one kind of special human relations process, but complied with discusses is suitable especially for the human relations behavior process analysis.
Second, in the translation complied with discusses application.
(1) accommodation discusses under the angle of view the translation process.
According to translates study the dictionary definition, the translation process refers to the procedure which the translation activity experiences. Thinks generally including three stages: Understood the original text, with the goal language expression, the verification revises the translation. Narrow sense translation process, general understanding for translator to concrete text transformation activity process. The generalized translation process also includes the text the choice, text production and text life processes and so on course. This article tries from the accommodation to discuss the angle only to aim at the narrow sense the translation process to launch the discussion.
Nida in a book proposed in "Translation Theory And Practice" that, through analysis, transformation and restructuring tertiary relations, the people may primitive transform Cheng Yiyu, as shown in Figure 2: