帮帮忙!我对《致加西亚的信》原文中有一句话的理解与翻译不一样。请详细解释一下语法结构并翻译,谢谢!

这句话为:No man who has endeavored to carry out an enterprise where many hands were needed, but has been well-nigh appalled at times by the imbecility of the average man--the inability or unwillingness to concentrate on a thing and do it.

这句话中的but读起来怪怪的,who has……enterprise是修饰man的,where……needed是修饰enterprise的,去掉这修饰语,变成了no man but has been well-nigh appalled at times by the imbecility of the average man. 读起来怪怪的,我的分析有错吗?怎样理解这句话。no man如何翻译,为何有些译本翻译成”所有人“?请帮忙分析一下语法结构,并翻译和解释no man、but的疑问。Thanks in advance!

No man who has endeavored to carry out an enterprise where many hands were needed, but has been well-nigh appalled at times by the imbecility of the average man--the inability or unwillingness to concentrate on a thing and do it.
句子的意思是:

没有人能贯彻需要很多人手的企业之同时,而偶尔已经震惊了一些无能的普通人——无法或不愿专心去做一件事情的人。

—— 後句子是俢饰和重复无能的普通人。
这里 but 是"而"的意思。

句子正确,而只是一句较高深的英语罢了。追问

谢谢曾先生的回答,请恕我愚钝,我依旧有些疑惑。我的理解是:从语境上看,carry out 翻译成“经营”会比较妥当。另外呢,has been well-nigh appalled at times by the imbecility of the average man 翻译成:“有时候为普通员工的低能感到震惊。” 会不会更加合适一些呢? appalled这里是被动语态的吧?

追答

不,你很对,我重读一次,发觉我是会错了句子的意思,现在重头翻译过给你如下:

没有 人在努力经营一项需要用很多人力的企业时,而未曾有时会被一些无能的普通员工——无法或不愿专心去做一件事情的所震惊。

没有人......未曾 = 所有人都遇上过(如此情形)。

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第1个回答  2013-02-21
but在这里的作用是与no构成双重否定。意思是没有一个……的人不被……所震惊。所以有些译本直接将其转换为肯定句,即“所有人”。
这里的语法是关于but所构成的双重否定句的。
如:
No man is so old but he may learn.
没有人老到不能学习。
There is no one but answers it.
没有一个人回答不上来。

我在参考资料里已附了一个链接以供参考。追问

你提出的观点我觉得有一定道理。毕竟这样来解读句子相对会比较通顺一些。我所说的译本也不一定完全正确,毕竟也来源于网络。你的回答对我也一些帮助,谢谢!

追答

不客气。
其实在去掉修饰语后为了不显突兀,改成这样比较顺:There is no one but has been well-nigh appalled at times by the imbecility of the average man.

参考资料:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_5e1b9bd1010123sx.html

第2个回答  2013-02-21
No man who has endeavored to carry out an enterprise where many hands were needed, but has been well-nigh appalled at times by the imbecility of the average man--the inability or unwillingness to concentrate on a thing and do it.
这句话是错的,语法不对,没有谓语。我根据句意大概得出其要表达的意思是:
【有的人苦苦经营着人数众多的大企业,但有时候令人吃惊的是,部分员工碌碌无为,他们要么没有能力,要么根本没用心。】

应该是
Someone has endeavored to carry out an enterprise where many hands were needed, but has been well-nigh appalled at times by the imbecility of the average man--the inability or unwillingness to concentrate on a thing and do it.

前句是主句,后句用but连接词表转折意义,用No one 根本无法说通,who去掉。

【英语牛人团】倾情奉献,可追问,满意请记得采纳哦,谢谢啦!追问

你的理解与我自己的理解是差不多意思,不过我不认为原作者写的句子有语法错误,毕竟原作者是一个高学历的地道美国人,而且这篇文章是经过审核后刊登在一本书上的。但我实在知识有限,未能理解这一句话的语法构造。不过AnluoRidge说的我认为也颇有道理,可以参考一二。

追答

你好,我上午查了下搜索引擎,发现英文原作确实如此。
请见参考资料中关于本文的一段中英文对照,其中有你问的这句话。
No one but....“没有人不.....”, 是双重否定,构成强烈的肯定,即“所有人”。

No man (who has endeavored to carry out an enterprise)主语,who引导的定语从句修饰No man,
(where many hands were needed)where引导的定语从句修饰enterprise,
but has been well-nigh appalled at times by ,but与前面的No one 一起构成主语,has及其后是谓语,at time是时间状语
the imbecility of the average man 宾语
--the inability or unwillingness to concentrate on a thing and do it. 宾语补足语。

整句话理顺了 相当于:
All people, who have endeavored to carry out an enterprise where many hands were needed, have been well-nigh appalled at times by the imbecility of the average man--the inability or unwillingness to concentrate on a thing and do it.
精炼后的主句为“All people have been well-nigh appalled at times by the imbecility of the average man--the inability or unwillingness to concentrate on a thing and do it.”

参考资料:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_559288f00100075q.html

追问

谢谢你的热心帮忙,但是由于分数只能给一个人。希望下次能有机会一起交流,共同进步。

第3个回答  2013-02-21
这句话意思是 没有人曾努力贯彻企业需要许多的手,但已几乎震惊次低能的平均人——没有能力或者不愿意专注于一件事,做它。
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