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Question

二、使用实时操作系统的必要性
嵌入式实时操作系统在目前的嵌入式应用中用得越来越广泛，尤其在功能复杂、系统庞大的应用中显得愈来愈重要。
1．嵌人式实时操作系统提高了系统的可靠性。在控制系统中，出于安全方面的考虑，要求系统起码不能崩溃，而且还要有自愈能力。不仅要求在硬件设计方面提高系统的可靠性和抗干扰性，而且也应在软件设计方面提高系统的抗干扰性，尽可能地减少安全漏洞和不可靠的隐患。长期以来的前后台系统软件设计在遇到强干扰时，使得运行的程序产生异常、出错、跑飞，甚至死循环，造成了系统的崩溃。而实时操作系统管理的系统，这种干扰可能只是引起若干进程中的一个被破坏，可以通过系统运行的系统监控进程对其进行修复。通常情况下，这个系统监视进程用来监视各进程运行状况，遇到异常情况时采取一些利于系统稳定可靠的措施，如把有问题的任务清除掉。
2．提高了开发效率，缩短了开发周期。在嵌入式实时操作系统环境下，开发一个复杂的应用程序，通常可以按照软件工程中的解耦原则将整个程序分解为多个任务模块。每个任务模块的调试、修改几乎不影响其他模块。商业软件一般都提供了良好的多任务调试环境。
3．嵌入式实时操作系统充分发挥了32位CPU的多任务潜力。32位CPU比8、16位CPU快，另外它本来是为运行多用户、多任务操作系统而设计的，特别适于运行多任务实时系统。32位CPU采用利于提高系统可靠性和稳定性的设计，使其更容易做到不崩溃。例如，CPU运行状态分为系统态和用户态。将系统堆栈和用户堆栈分开，以及实时地给出CPU的运行状态等，允许用户在系统设计中从硬件和软件两方面对实时内核的运行实施保护。如果还是采用以前的前后台方式，则无法发挥32位CPU的优势。从某种意义上说，没有操作系统的计算机（裸机）是没有用的。在嵌入式应用中，只有把CPU嵌入到系统中，同时又把操作系统嵌入进去，才是真正的计算机嵌入式应用。

Answer 1

Second, the need to use real-time operating system
Embedded real-time operating system in embedded applications currently used in more and more extensively, particularly in the functional complexity of the application of a huge system seems increasingly important.
1. Embedded real-time operating system improve the reliability of the system. In the control system, based on security considerations, and require a system at least not collapse, but also a self-healing capacity. Require not only in terms of hardware design of the reliability of the system and anti-jamming, but also in terms of software design of the anti-jamming system, as far as possible, to reduce vulnerability and unreliable hidden dangers. For a long time before and after-system software design in the face of strong interference, makes abnormal operating procedures, mistakes-run, and even death cycle, resulting in the collapse of the system. Real-time operating system and the management of systems, such interference may be caused in the process of a number of destruction through the system's operation system to repair its monitoring process. Under normal circumstances, the system of the surveillance process to monitor the operation of the process, encountered some unusual circumstances conducive to stable and reliable system of measures, such as the mandate of the problem removed.
2. Improved development efficiency, shorten the development cycle. In the embedded real-time operating system environment, the development of a complex application procedures, can usually be in accordance with the software engineering principle of decoupling the whole process will be split into a number of task modules. Each module debugging tasks, modify almost does not affect other modules. Commercial software is generally provided a good multi-task debugging environment.
3. Embedded real-time operating system played a full 32-bit CPU multi-tasking potential. CPU 32-bit CPU faster than 8,16, and it had to run multi-user, multi-tasking operating system design, especially suitable for real-time multi-tasking operating system. 32 CPU used to improve system reliability and stability of the design, to make it more easy to do not collapse. For example, CPU running into state system and user state. The system stack and user stack separately, as well as real-time operating state is given CPU, the system allows users to design hardware and software for both real-time kernel implementation of the protection of the operation. If adopted before or around Taiwan, would not be able to play the advantages of 32-bit CPU. In a certain sense, not the computer operating system (bare metal) is of no use. In embedded applications, only to the embedded CPU system, while at the same time embedded operating system into the computer is the real embedded applications