主语是可数名词单数时谓语动词怎么用?

如题所述

主语是可数名词单数时(an
apple)对应单数谓语动词(is,does),主语为可数名词复数时(apples)对应复数形态谓语(are,
do)
主语是不可数名词(water)对应单数形态(is,
does)
但是要注意可能前面有修饰,比如水(water)本身不可数,变成两瓶水(two
bottles
of
water)这个主语名词就变成bottles(可数复数)谓语动词用复数了。
另外主语单复同型的词比如deer,可单可复
还有像fish,翻成鱼肉不可数,翻译成鱼类可数(three
fishes
两种鱼),当条数讲单复同型(two
fish,两条鱼)
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第1个回答  2024-01-14

一、语法一致原则(主语一致)

该原则要求谓语动词必须与主语在语法形式上保持一致,即主语是单数形式,动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,动词用复数形式:

1、主语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即:主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式:如:

The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)

2、glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。如:

The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜,我想买)

注意:如果这类名词前用了a pair of等量词,则谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如:Here are some new pairs of shoes.

My new pair of socks is on the bed.

3、集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主语时,

① 如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如:

Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班)

② 如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如:

Class Three have a map of China.(三班有张中国地图)

4、a lot of 后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。如:

A lot of students are playing baseball now.(现在有许多学生在打垒球)

A lot of time was wasted on that work.(大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句)

5、用both…and…连接两个事物做主语时,谓语一般用复数。如:

Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow.(你和我明天要求都来)

6、主语中含有half of… / three quarters of… / all (of) the …等词语时,谓语的单复数由名词确定,如:

Over three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English.(因特网上四分之三以上的信息是用英语写的)

All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.(这些河流中的水已经被污染了)(被动句)

二、就近原则

有时,谓语动词的数决定于主语中最靠近它的词语:

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