介词for， to， of的用法有哪些？

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

to、for和of的区别：
For，of都是介词，所以跟在后面的词动词要加ing，这是他们共有的特性。for，to，of后都跟人称代词的宾格，这是他们共有的特性。for是为了的意思，为了一般与decorate,help,thank等及物动词相连接；to是无意义的，与for意思差不多，区别是to后面是加动词原形。of是'的'的意思,后面一般跟名词，它还连接量词和不可数名词。
具体的区别也是要根据用法来进行比较。

to，for和of的用法：
For的用法
1. 表示“当作、作为”。如:
I like some bread and milk forbreakfast.
我喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐。
What will we have for supper?
我们晚餐吃什么?
2. 表示理由或原因,意为“因为、由于”。
如:
Thank you for helping me with myEnglish.
谢谢你帮我学习英语。
3. 表示动作的对象或接受者,意为“给……”、“对…… (而言)”。
如:
Let me pick it up for you.
让我为你捡起来。
Watching TV too much is bad for yourhealth.
看电视太多有害于你的健康。
4. 表示时间、距离,意为“计、达”。
如:
I usually do the running for an hourin the morning.
我早晨通常跑步一小时。
We will stay there for two days.
我们将在那里逗留两天。
5. 表示去向、目的,意为“向、往、取、买”等。
如:
Let’s go for a walk.
我们出去散步吧。
I came here for my schoolbag.
我来这儿取书包。
I paid twenty yuan for thedictionary.
我花了20元买这本词典。
6. 表示所属关系或用途,意为“为、适于……的”。
如:
It’s time for school.
到上学的时间了。
Here is a letter for you.
这儿有你的一封信。
7. 表示“支持、赞成”。
如:
Are you for this plan or against it?
你是支持还是反对这个计划?
8. 用于一些固定搭配中。
如:
Who are you waiting for?
你在等谁?
For example, Mr Green is a kindteacher.
比如,格林先生是一位心地善良的老师。
尽管for 的用法较多，但记住常用的几个就可以了。

to的用法:
一：表示相对，针对。
be strange (common, new, familiar, peculiar) to
This injection will make you immune to infection.
二：表示对比，比较。
1：以-ior结尾的形容词，后接介词to表示比较，如：superior ,inferior,prior,senior,junior
2: 一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词，如equal，similar，equivalent，analogous
A is similar to B in many ways.
3：表示一些先后顺序的形容词，如：second、next。
4: to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer to,compare to,in contrast to。
compare to sth.表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth.表示比较,如:
World is usually compared to a stage
Compared with his past,he has changed a lot.
Prefer的正确句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A to doing B,但当prefer后接动词不定式时,表示比较的介 词to就要改成rather than ,如:
The undaunted soldier preferred death to surrender.
Many people prefer spending money to earning money.
They prefer to pursue careers rather than remain home as house wives.
5: to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative。
Going to an under water concert is a great alternative to going to dinner.
三: 表示修饰关系
1: 表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer to question, solution to problem,response to inquiry,reaction to proposal,reply to letter
6: 表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction to passage.
7: 表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:
The director proposed a toast to the health of the guests.
Let’s drink to Dick’s success in business
8: 另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义.如:key to door,invitation to party,
四: to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,如:sing to piano, chance to the tune, stamp to the rhythm of the song, add salt to taste。
（一）：表示相关联，相连接，如：be related to,be relative to,in relation to ,link to
Investigate all the facts related to the problem.
People often linked walth to happiness.
（二）：表示反对和赞同。
1：to引导的表示反对，抗拒，对抗意义的词组。Be opposed to,be oppsist to,be contrary to,be adverse to,be resistant to ,object to,oppose to
2: to引导的表示同意，赞同意义的词组：consent to,subseribe to。
The employer consented to give him a salary raise.
表示调整，使符合，使适应的含义，如：adapt to,commodate to, adjust to,conform to,habituate to,fit to,suit to,correspond to,cater to。
She tried to habituate herself to the style of plain living.
Your action should conform to the interests of the people.
3: 表示投降,屈服,服从的含义,如:be subject to,be subordinate to,submit to,subject to,surrender to,give in to,confess to,admit to。
The minority is subordinate to the majority少数服从多数
五: 表示趋势或倾向,如:tend to,be prone to,be inclined to,be apt to,be liable to。
He’s liable to seasickness.
You are liable to come to wrong conclusion.
七: 表示约束,局限,如:limit to,confine to,resrict to。
He’s confined to the house by illness.
He confined his remarks to scientific mangement.
八: 表示一种习惯或是一种适应性,如:get (be) to,used to。
Finally,the students got used to my teaching method.
九: 表示起因和原由,如:owing to,due to,thanks to,attribute to,come down to。
The flight was cancelled due to the thick fog.
The famous artist attributed his success to his wife.
十: 表示目的或结果,如:aim to,lead to,give rise to。
I aim to be an excellent college teacher.
His conceit lead to his failure.
十二: 表示数量上的积累或增加,如:in addition to,add to,amount to。
In addition to relief supplies,he also presented with some money.
十三: 表示全身心投入的含义,如:be addicted to,contribute to,devote to,commit to。
He is determined to devote all his life to his.
十四: 表示展望或是回顾,如:look forward to反date back to。
The church dates back to the 13th century.
十五: 表示方位概念.如:close to,next to。
I don’t like wool next to my skin.
十六: 表示有关注,关于: as to,with regard to 。
十七: 表示关注或重视,如:pay attention to,attach to。
We should attach primary importance to job training.
十八: 表示应该或必须含义的句式。
如:
It’s time to get up.
We are supposed to get here at seven.
It’s up to this country to ban nuclear weapons.

of的用法：
一、前面的名词是主语的情况
1、[表示所属关系](属于)...的 eg:man of that time那个时代的人
2、[表示关于](关于)...的 eg:a long story of adventure一个很长的冒险故事
二、短语是主语的情况
1、[表示同位关系] eg:the city of Rome罗马市
2、[表示性质、内容 、状况等] eg:a look of pity令人哀怜的神色
3、[表示在...方面] eg:be quick of eye眼快
三、后面的名词是主语的情况
1、[表示数量、种类] eg:three pieces of meat三块肉
2、[表示部分或全部] eg:five of us我们中五个人
3、[表示...中最突出的] eg:the hero of heroes最杰出的英雄
4、[表示由...组成、做成] eg:a table of wood木头桌子
5、[表示动作的主体] eg:It is clever of you to do so.你那样做真聪明。