while和when区别

如题所述

一、二者词义的区别

1、while

conj. 当 ... 的时候;虽然;尽管;然而

n. 一段时间;一会儿

v. 消磨

2、when

adv. 什么时候;当 ... 时

conj. 然后;可是;当 ... 时

pron. 什么时候

n. 时间

二、二者词性的区别

1、while

可做连词、名词和动词。

2、when

可做副词、连词、代词和名词

三、二者用法的区别

1、while

while用作连词时,表示“在…(过程)中,在…期间”。常用来引导时间状语从句,当主句的主语和while所引导的从句的主语一致时, while从句中的主语、谓语往往可以省去。while还可引导让步状语从句,意思是“虽然,尽管”,含有对比意味。

2、when

when可用作从属连词,引导状语从句,表示时间时作“当…时,在…的时候”解; 表示条件时作“如果,要是”解; 表示对比时作“既然,考虑到”解。当when所引导的从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,常将其主语、系动词或助动词省去,只留实义动词或表语,或者改写为短语。

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第1个回答  2019-09-23

as和when、while的区别

第2个回答  推荐于2018-02-23
(一)、when,while都有“当……时候”的意思。
  when既可表示某一点时间,也可以表示某一段时间 。
  在when引导的时间状语从句中,其谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的,可与主句中的谓语动词同时发生,也可在其后发生。
  例如:
  1、I was just reading a book when she came into my room.
  她走进我房间时,我正在看书。
  2、Were you writing when the teacher came in?
  老师进来的时候,你在写信吗?
  3、When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas.
  他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。

  (二)、while只能表示某一段时间,不能表示某一点时间。在while引导的时间状语从句中,其谓语动词只能是延续性的,而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在。
  例如:
  1、While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him.
  正当吉姆修自行车时,林涛来看他。
  2、You can’t do your homework while you’re watching TV.
  你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。
  (三)、另外,when和while的区别还在于:while引导的时间状语从句多用进行时态,而when引导的时间状语从句多用一般时态。

  例如:
  1、While they were talking , the bell rang.
  正在他们谈话的时候,上课铃响了。
  2、I was doing my homework when my mother came back home yesterday evening.
  昨天晚上妈妈回家的时候,我正在做家庭作

  注意:  1) 如主句谓语动词表示的是短暂动作,从句时间状语指一段时间,when while as 三者可通用。
  例如:
  Peter came in while /as I was watching TV.当Peter进来的时候我正在看电视。
  I was watching TV when Peter came in. 当Peter进来时我正在看电视。

  2) as 和 when 可与非延续性动词连用,而 while 只能与延续性动词连用。  例如:He came in when/ as I was going to bed.我正要上床睡觉,他进来了。
  3) as 和 while可用来指一段时间,但 as 强调主句与从句表示的动作同时发生,while强调主句表示的动作是在 while 从句的动作延续中发生。
  例如:
  As my mother sang those old songs, tears ran down her cheeks.
  当我妈妈唱起那些老歌时,眼泪顺着她的脸颊流了下来。
  I came in while he was reading an interesting book in his room.本回答被网友采纳
第3个回答  2015-04-12
when和while的用法与区别 :
1、由when引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句应用一般过去时;如果从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过去进行时的时候,多用while引导,如:
a. When the teacher came in, we were talking.
当此句改变主从句的位置时,则为:
While we were talking, the teacher came in.
b. They were singing while we were dancing.
2、when和while 还可作并列连词.when表示“在那时”;while表示“而,却”,表对照关系.如:
a. The children were running to move the bag of rice when they heard the sound of a motor bike.
孩子们正要跑过去搬开那袋米,这时他们听到了摩托车的声音.
b. He is strong while his brother is weak.
他长得很结实,而他弟弟却很瘦弱.
3、when,while引导时间状语从句的区别
一、when可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用;而while只能和延续性动词连用.
① Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already?(get为短暂性动词)你已经找到如此好的工作,为何还想再找新的?
②Sorry,I was out when you called me.(call为短暂性动词)对不起,你打电话时我刚好外出了.
③Strike while the iron is hot.(is为延续性动词,表示一种持续的状态)趁热打铁.
二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生;while从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生.
1.从句动作在主句动作前发生,只用 when.
①When he had finished his homework,he took a short rest.(finished先发生)当他完成作业后,他休息了一会儿.
②When I got to the airport,the guests had left.(got to后发生)当我赶到飞机场时,客人们已经离开了.
2.从句动作和主句动作同时发生,且从句动作为延续性动词时,when,while都可使用.
①When /While we were dancing,a stranger came in.(dance为延续性动词)当我们跳舞时,一位陌生人走了进来.
②When /While she was making a phonecall,I was writing a letter.(make为延续性动词)当她在打电话时,我正在写信.
4.在将来时从句中,常用when,且从句须用一般时代替将来时.
①You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it.在我读完这本书后,你可以借阅.
②When the manager comes here for a visit next week,Ill talk with him about this.下周,经理来这参观时,我会和他谈谈此事.
三、when用于表示“一……就……”的句型中(指过去的事情).
sb.had hardly(=scarcely) done sth.when...=Hardly / Scarcely had sb.done sth.when...
①I had hardly /scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.=Hardly / Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.我刚一闭上眼,就有人在敲门了.
②I had hardly /scarcely entered my room when the telephone rang.=Hardly /Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang.我刚一走进房门,电话就响了.
第4个回答  2012-12-12
两个词的中文释义都差不多。但是简单地说,主句的动作发生在从句动作过程中,用while;主、从句的动作同时发生或者主长从短,用when。

特殊用法:while可延长瞬间动词。如become是一个瞬间动词,但和while一起用就表达一个特殊的描述意义。例:
The light went off while the water was becoming solid.

供参考。
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