请高手进来帮忙翻译,那些用翻译软件混水摸鱼的就别来烦了,我不会把分给你们的!
因为字数的限制,还有一点没放上来,我会补充上来的,谢谢!
正文:
Background knowledge is an important factor that influences comprehension. Current views on listening comprehension agree that background or prior knowledge can affect listening comprehension. Cultural background knowledge, history and customs are important ones that can affect listening comprehension.
“Language is a kind of cultural expression. It is very necessary for students to know some background about English countries, such as the history, culture, customs and habits, even life styles.” [6] “Gaps in our knowledge of second language culture, of the associations and references available to native users, can present obstacles to comprehension.” [7] Many students are lack of these kinds of knowledge, so they think listening is very difficult.
For example, there are two materials of the same difficulty. One explains something about China’s Spring Festival; the other is about Thanks Giving Day of the west countries. The former is easy to understand but the latter is more difficult, why? It is clear that the students know little about the latter.
2.1.3 Motivation affecting listening
Of equal importance to the above factors is the listener’s purpose in listening. If the reason for listening is clear, comprehension becomes an easier task. For instance, “In order to check if the favorite radio program is on, as in Anderson and Lynch’s example, all the complex language input will not be taken to be comprehended.” [8] So one’s Motivation also plays an important role in listening comprehension.
2.1.4 Psychological factors
Psychological barriers mainly reflect in two aspects: the state of being too nervous or the state of being unable to focus one’s attention during listening. In regular listening practice, some students can’t concentrate on the listening content. Instead, they are absent-minded, wandering away, though they still wear their earphones. Such a state of listening, even lasting for only a few seconds, will result in broken listening, which, of course, will affect comprehension result. Some students are easy to be distracted because of being fatigued after listening for a long period. Anxiety often occurs in examination. Some students are too eager to get high marks but they are also afraid that they can’t adjust themselves to the listening material and the delivery rate. So they become too nervous and blank-minded.
再次告诫那些用软件翻译的,尤其是一楼那个ryjily,你自己读一下你的答案,中国人除了像你这种智障,恐怕找不到第二个这样翻译的了!!