除了这两种时态,还有其他的(请详细说明)

如题所述

一、 一般现在时
  1.概念:表示经常发生的情况;有规律出现的情况;总是发生的;和事实真理。
  2.时间状语: Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week(day, year, month…), on Sundays(on Mondays …),
  3.基本结构:动词 原形 (如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)
  4.否定形式:主语+am/is/are +not+其他; 此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't, 如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
  5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。
  6.例句:It seldom snows here.这里很少下雪。
  He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于帮助别人。
  Action speaks louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。
二、 一般过去时
  1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
  2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
  3.基本结构:主语+动词或be的过去时+名词
  4.否定形式:主语+was/were +not+其他;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
  5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。
  6.例句:She often came to help us in those days.那些天她经常来帮助我们。
  I didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你是这么忙。
三、 一般将来时
  1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
  2.时间状语:Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
  3.基本结构:主语+am/is/are +going to + do+其它;主语+will/shall + do+其它
  4.否定形式:主语+am/is/are not going to do ;主语+will/shall not do+其它
  5.一般疑问句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。 {首字母大写}
  6.例句:They are going to have a competition with us in studies.他们将有一场比赛和我们一起研究。
  It is going to rain.天要下雨了。
四、 一般过去将来时
  1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
  2.时间状语:The next day (morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
  3.基本结构:主语+was/were +going to + do+其它;主语+would/should + do+其它
  4.否定形式:主语+was/were+not + going to + do; 主语+would/should + not + do.
  5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。
  6.例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他说他第二天要去北京。
  I asked who was going there.我问,谁要去那里。
五、 现在进行时
  1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
  2.时间状语:Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen
  3.基本结构:主语+be +doing +其它
  4.否定形式:主语+be +not +doing+其它
  5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。
  6.例句:How are you feeling today?你今天感觉如何?
  He is doing well in his lessons.在课上他表现得很好。
六、 过去进行时
  1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
  2.时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
  3.基本结构 主语+was/were +doing +其它
  4.否定形式:主语+was/were + not +doing+其它
  5.一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。(第一个字母大写)
  6.例句:At that time she was working in a PLA unit.那段时间她在人民解放军部队工作。
  When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.他进来时,我正在读报纸。
七、 将来进行时
  1.概念:表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作,或表示要在将来某一时间开始,并继续下去的动作。常用来表示询问、请求等。
  2.时间状语:Soon, tomorrow, this evening,on Sunday, by this time,in two days, tomorrow evening
  3.基本结构:主语+shall/will + be +现在分词+其它
  4.否定形式:主语+shall/will + not + be +现在分词+其它
  5.例句:This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.下一天的这个时间,他们正坐在电影院。
  He won’t be coming to the party.他不去参加聚会了。
八、 过去将来进行时
  1.概念:表示就过去某一时间而言,将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作,主要用于宾语从句中,尤其多用于间接引语中。
  2.基本结构:should/would + be +现在分词
  3.例句:They said they would be coming.他们说了他们将要来。
  He said he could not come because he would be having a meeting.他说他不能来因为要开会。
九、 现在完成时
  1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
  2.时间状语:yet,already,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+时间点,for+时间段,recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.
  3.基本结构:主语+have/has +p.p(过去分词)+其它
  4.否定形式:主语+have/has + not +p.p(过去分词)+其它
  5.一般疑问句:have或has放句首。
  6.例句:I've written an article.我已经写了一篇论文。
  The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.在过去的几年,农村发生了巨大的变化。
十、 过去完成时
  1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
  2.时间状语:Before, by the end of last year (term, month…), etc.
  3.基本结构:主语+had + p.p(过去分词)+其它 4.否定形式:主语+had + not +p.p(过去分词)+其它
  5.一般疑问句:had放于句首。
  6.例句:As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.当我们到车站的时候,火车已经开走了。
  By the end of last month, we had reviewed four books.到上个月底,我们已经复习了四本书。
  基本结构:主语+had+p.p(过去分词)+其它
  ①肯定句:主语+ had+p.p(过去分词)+其它
  ②否定句:主语+ had+ not+p.p(过去分词)+其它
  ③一般疑问句:Had+主语+p.p(过去分词)+其它
  ④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
十一、 将来完成时
  1.概念:在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态
  2.时间状语:by the time of; by the end of+时间短语(将来);by the time+从句(将来)
  3.基本结构:主语+be going to/will/shall + have+p.p(过去分词)+其它
  4例句:By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.到你回来的时候,就将发生巨大的变化。
十二、 过去将来完成时
  1.概念:表示在过去某一时间对将来某一时刻以前所会发生的动作,常用在虚拟语气中,表示与过去的事实相反。
  2.基本结构:should/would have done sth.
  3.例句:I thought you'd have left by this time.我想这会儿你已经走了。
  He told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock.他告诉他们他会在8点以前干完。
十三、 现在完成进行时
  1.概念:表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。这一动作可能刚刚开始,也可能仍在继续,并可能延续到将来。
  2.基本结构:主语+have/has +been +doing+其它
  3.时间状语:since+时间点,for+时间段等。
  4.例子:I have been sitting here for an hour.我已经在这里坐了一个小时。
  The children have been watching TV since six o'clock.从6点起,孩子们一直看电视。
十四、 过去完成进行时
  1.概念:表示某个正在进行的动作或状态,持续到过去某个时刻,还未完成,一直持续到之后的当前才结束。
  2.基本结构:主语+ had + been + doing +其它
  3.例子:She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.她在考试之前一直患重感冒。
  Had they been expecting the news for some time?他们期待这个消息有一段时间了吧?
  4.特殊含义:①尚未完成:He had been writing the novel.他已经在写小说了。(他没写完)
  ②企图:He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.他曾经学习过这个谚语。(他曾努力学习过它)
  ③未得结果:We had been studying what our enemy had said.我们一直致力于敌人所说的。(但是我们没有理解)
  ④最近情况:He had been quarrelling with his wife.他和他的妻子吵了一场架。(最近)
  ⑤反复动作:He had been asking me the same question.他一直问我相同的问题。(屡次)
  ⑥情绪:What had he been doing?他做了什么?(不耐烦)
十五、 将来完成进行时
  1.概念:表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间。是否继续下去,要视上下文而定。
  2.基本结构:shall/will have been doing
  3.例子:I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year.到今年年底,我将在这个工厂工作20年了。
  If we don't hurry up the store will have been closing before we get there. 咱们如不快一点儿,等我们到了那儿,店门就会关了。
十六、 过去将来完成进行时
  1.概念:表示从过去某时看至未来某时以前会一直在进行的动作。
  2.基本结构:should/would + have + been +现在分词
  3.例子:He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years.他告诉我,到年底时,他就在那住了30年了。
温馨提示:答案为网友推荐,仅供参考
第1个回答  2012-05-18
楼主问题说详细点
动词的时态
时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式.英语动词有16种时态,但是常见的只有九种:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时,过去将来时,现在完成进行时。常用的时态只有八种。
1.一般现在时的用法
1)表示经常性、习惯性的动作;表示现在的状态、特征和真理.句中常用 often,usually,every day等时间状语。例如:
He goes to school every day.(经常性动作)
He is very happy.(现在的状态)
The earth moves around the sun.(真理)
2)在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来.例如:
If you come this afternoon,we' ll have a meeting.
When I graduate,I’ll go to the countryside.
3)有时这个时态表示按计划、规定要发生的动作,(句中都带有时间状语)但限于少数动词如 begin,come,leave,go,arrive,start,stop,return,open,close等.例如:
The meeting begins at seven.
The train starts at nine in the morning.
4)表示状态和感觉的动词,如 be,like,hate,think,remember,find,sound等常用一般现在时.例如:
I like English very much.
The story sounds very interesting.
5)书报的标题,小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时.
2.一般过去时的用法
l)表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过去反复发生的动作.
He saw Mr Wang yesterday.
He worked in a factory in 1986
2)表示过去经常发生的动作,也可用“used to”和“would +动词原形”。例如:
I used to smoke.
During the vacation I would swim in the sea.
注意;used to表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。另外?“to be used to +名词(动句词)“表示”习惯于……。例如
I am used to the climate here.
He is used to swimming in winter.
3.一般将来时的用法
一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态,其表达形式除了“ will或 shall十动词原形”外,还有以下几种形式.
l)“ to be going to十动词原形”,表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事.例如:
It is going to rain.
We are going to have a meeting today.
2) go,come,start,move,sail,leave等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作.例如:
I’m leaving for Beijing.
3)“be to十动词原形”表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见.例如:
Are we to go on with this work?
The boy is to go to school tomorrow.
4)“ be about to十动词原形”表示即将发生的动作。例如:
We are about to leave.
5)某些词,如 come,go,leave,arrive,start等的一般现在时和现在进行时也可表示将来.
The meeting starts at five o’clock.
He is leaving tomorrow.
4.现在进行时的用法
1)现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作,由“ to be十现在分词”构成,另外“系动词十介词或副词”也表示进行时的意义.例如:
What are you doing?
The bridge is under construction.
2)表示感觉,愿望和状态的某些动词如 have,be,hear,see,like等词一般不用进行时.
5.过去进行时的用法
l)过去进行时表示过去某一时刻、某一阶段正进行的动作,由“ was(were)十现在分词”构成.例如:
In 1980 he was studying in a university.
He was reading a novel when I came in.
6.现在完成时的用法
现在完成时由“ have十过去分词”构成.其使用有两种情况:
1)现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成,而对现在有影响.句中没有具体时间状语.例如
He has gone to Fuzhou. (说话人认为他不在该地)
He has been to Fuzhou.(说话人认为他在该地)
2)现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去,持续到现在,也许还会持续下去.常用for和 since表示一段时间的状语或 so far,now,today, this week( month,year)等表示包括现在时问在内的状语。例如:
He has studied English for 5 years.
He has studied English since 1985.
Now I have finished the work.
注意:表示短暂时间动作的词,如 come,go,die,marry,buy等的完成时不能与for,since等表示一段时间的词连用.
3)现在完成时还可用在时间和条件状语从句中、表示将来某时完成的动作.例如:
I’ll go to your home when I have finished my homework.
If it has stopped snowing in the morning,we’ll go to the park.
7.过去完成时的用法
l)过去完成时由“ had十过去分词”构成。过去完成时的动词表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态.句中常用 by,before,until,when等词引导的时间状语.例如:
By the end of last year we had built five new houses.
I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university.
2)过去完成时的动词还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下去。例如:
Before he slept,he had worked for 12 hours.
8.过去将来时的用法
过去将来时表示从过去的某时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态.过去将来时由“ should或 would十动词原形”构成。第一人称用 should,其他人称用 would.例如:
They were sure that they would succeed.
9.现在完成进行时的用法
现在完成进行时由“ have(has)十 been十现在分词”构成,表示现在以前一直在进行的动作。有些词,如 work,study、live,teach等用现在完成进行时与用现在完成时意思差不多.例如:
I have worked here for three years.
I have been working here for three years.
但多数动词在这两种时态中表示不同意思.例如:
I have written a letter(已写完)
I have been writing a letter.(还在写)
注意:表示短暂动作的动词,如 finish,marry,get up,come,go等不能用这种时态.本回答被提问者采纳
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