初中英语语法问题

宾语从句
解释一下

1.在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句,宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可做介词的宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)
He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语)
Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)
2. 宾语从句的引导词有三类:
(1) 以that 引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导句形式的宾语从句, that可以省略。eg, The radio says (that) the clouds will lift later on.
She told me (that) she would like to go with us.
(2) 以连接代词which, what, who等或连接副词how, where, why 等引导的宾语从句,从句是陈述语序
eg, Could you tell me what’s the matter with u?
I want to know how soon it will begin.
(3) 以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句,从句同样是陈述语序
eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .
3.宾语从句的时态
(1) 当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将来时态时,从句可用所需要的任何时态。 eg, I want to know what time he got up this morning.
You are telling me that you won’t stop until tomorrow?
(2) 当主句为一般过去时态时, 从句要用于过去有关的时态。
eg,They asked what Jean was doing now .
Linda said that the train had left.
(3) 当从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时,宾语从句要使用一般现在时。
eg, Lisa asked whether light travels faster than sound.
Polly said no news is a good news
注意:一般情况下,whether 和if 可以互用, 但有些情况例外。
1. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if
eg, We are talking about whether we’ll go on the pinic.
2. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时, 只用whether.
eg, Please let me know what to do next.
Could you tell me whether u go or not?
3. if当如果讲时, 引导的是条件状语从句, 这时不能用whether.
eg, You can’t work the plan out if you don’t have the meeting .

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第1个回答  2012-08-06
之知道宾语不?宾语本来是一个词。I love you。you就是宾语注意是一个词。有的时候用一个句子代替宾语,呢么这个句子就是宾语从句。tom said that he loves you。that 应到的就是宾语从句~~
第2个回答  2012-08-06
sb say that you are beautiful 这个句子中,sb是主语 say是动词作为谓语,那么that you are beautiful就是宾语····宾语是一个句子的··就叫做宾语从句·····通常由that引导···
第3个回答  2012-08-06
宾语后面加上一个词或一个短语用来对宾语的特征、状态等情况进行补充说明,使句子结构变的更加完整,这个成分我们称之为宾语补足语。它和前面的宾语一起形成“复合宾语”它可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词或动词不定式等。。。一般包含宾语补足语的句型有两种形式,即“谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”和“介词+宾语+宾语补足语”。
  1. 形容词作宾语补足语,常见的动词有:make, keep, get, find, wish, leave, see, consider等。例如:
  Li Ming finds it necessary to reply..
  Who left the window open?
  2. 名词作宾语补足语,常见的接宾补结构的动词有:call, name, think, make, find, consider等。例如:
  They all consider her a good student.
  We call him Lao Li.
  3. 动词make, let, hear, watch, see, have, notice等使役和感官动词之后用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,但这种结构变为被动语态时,不定式就必须带to。例如:
  I saw Tom take away the magazine.
  被动结构: The magazine was seen to take away by Tom
  4. 带to do动词不定式作宾语补足语,此类动词有ask, tell, want, wish等.。例如:
  The teachers ask us to study hard from now on.
  5. 分词作宾语补足语,现在分词作宾补表示宾语正在进行的动作;过去分词作宾补表示与宾语之间是被动关系。例如:
  I saw a little girl drawing under the tree.
  When we got to the classroom, we found the door locked.
  6. 介词短语作宾语补足语。例如:
  The police found the lost boy in a wooden house.
  7. 副词作宾语补足语。例如:
  I found her in / out just now.
  [特别提醒]宾语和宾语补足语之间存在一种逻辑上的主谓关系;而双宾语则没有这种关系。试比较:
  The soft music makes us relaxed. 这个柔美的音乐使我们放松了。
  (relaxed是宾语us的补足语,两者之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,可以说We are relaxed.)
  The football game brought us a lot of fun. 这场足球赛带给我们无穷的快乐。
  (us和a lot of fun是动词brought的双宾语。两者并不是主谓关系,不可以说We are a lot of fun.)
第4个回答  2012-08-06
一个完整的句子是主谓宾三部分组成。而宾语就是位于谓语后面的名词那部分。同理,宾语从句呢,就是谓语后面的那个句子,也是完整的一句话。
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