物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,称为代词的属格形式。它分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。 形容词性物主代词的形式如下: my 我的 your 你的 his 他的 her 她的 its 它的 our 我们的 your 你们的 their 他们的,它们的,她们的 作为人称代词的属格,物主代词表示“所有”关系。物主代词与人称代词一样,也分第一人称、第二人称和第三人称,每个人称分单数和复数,第三人称单数还分阳性、阴性和中性。物主代词有形容词性和名词性两种。 形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,置于名词之前。它们的人称、数和性取决于它们所指代的名词或代词。如: Lanny still had his meal in the hotel dining room. 兰尼还在旅馆的餐厅里用膳。 Kathy has cut her finger. 凯西把手指划破了。 Dear Jack, thank you for your congratulations. 亲爱的杰克,谢谢你的祝贺。 形容词性物主代词在句中只能用作定语,并可与形容词own连用表示强调。 1)用作定语。如: Everybody must do his work well. 人人都应该把自己的工作做好。 She turned away her eyes. 她把她的目光移开。 Their ideals had changed. 他们的理想变了。 注意下面句中须用表身体所有的或随身携带的物主代词,不可省去: Steyne rose up, grinding his teeth, pale, and with fury in his looks. 斯坦站起身来,咬牙切齿,脸色苍白,满脸怒气。 He raised his hat as the lady approached. 当那位妇人走近时,他举帽致意。 2)与own连用表示强调。如: I saw it with my own eyes. 那是我亲眼看见的。 Every cook praises his own broth. 每个厨师都夸自己的汤好。 Mind your own business! 不管你的事! 如进一步强调则可加very。如: I’d love to have my very own room. 我喜欢有一个完全属于我自己的房间。 I have nothing of my own. 我自己一无所有。 这种结构还可以与of连用。如: The Pollaks had no children of their own. 波拉克夫妇自己没有孩子。 3)有时可由定冠词the代替。如: He received a blow on the head. 他头上挨了一击。( the=his ) A bee stung her on the nose. 一只蜜蜂在她鼻子上螫了一下。( the=her ) How’s the family? 你家里人好吗? 4.10 形容词性物主代词的特殊意义 形容词性物主代词(包括名词所有格)有时并不表示“所有”。而表示其它意义。如: I was invited to my first tea party at his home. 我第一次被邀请参加他家的茶会。(my=我所赴的) He taught them their trades well. 他教他们手艺教得很好。(their=他们应掌握的) —What are you waiting for? 你在等什么? —Only for my orders, sir. 就等给我的命令,先生。(my=我要接受的) He would have preferred to put her idea aside together, if he had known how. 如果他已经知道情况,他宁愿把她一古脑儿抛到一边。(her idea=对她的思念) They may have informed you of the terrible calamities that have fallen on our family. 他们或许已经把我们家发生的可怕的灾难告诉你了。(our=my)