The piezoelectricity ceramics have quickly respond, the energy densityhigher characteristic, in domain and so on precision machinery,speaker, absorption of shock noise reduction obtained the widespreadapplication, in the intelligent structure, its function may notsubstitute in particular. But the traditional pressure ceramicsactually have the obvious insufficiency, because actuation strain toosmall, is very difficult to satisfy the actual project application theneed. In order to obtain the bigger actuation strain, the peoplestudied the many kinds of piezoelectricities actuation part, likedouble curved piezoelectricity driver, " Mooine" Brass -PZTcombination driver, kind of alone stone structure actuation part andso on. But these all belong to the machinery to enlarge the mechanismthe application, while obtains a bigger strain, also reduced thedriving influence, from essentially solves the problem by no means.
The piezoelectricity ceramics application is extremely widespread, themost typical application is the buzzer and the security alarmapparatus, after 素坯 rolls over the ceramics the image formationpaper same thin slice to fire, makes the electrode in its both sides,then the polarization, such ceramics had the piezoelectricity, then itwith the tinsel agglutinated again in together, made a buzzer. Whenelectrode circular telegram, the piezoelectricity ceramics because thecounter piezoelectric effect has the vibration, makes sound which theperson ear may hear. Through the electronic circuit control, may havethe different frequency vibration, thus makes the different sound, thebuzzer most early uses on the electronic toy, now also uses in thefire engine, the ambulance, the safe cabinet and so on place takes thealarm apparatus. Can transform using the piezoelectricity ceramics themechanical energy the electrical energy the characteristic, but alsomay make " Ceramic ear " . In front of the common earthquakebecause the earth's crust interior unusual games sends out 地声, theceramic ear may the sound which hears turn the electrical signal inputcomputer, like this may 地声 forecast the earthquake through themonitor.
The sound motor is in the piezoelectricity ceramics application anoticeable new domain. It is uses the piezoelectricity ceramics thecounter piezoelectric effect, directly transforms the electricalenergy the mechanical energy output not to need the magnet coil thenew electrical machinery, compares with the ordinary electromagnetismmotor, it has the structure simply, starts, the volume quickly young,the power loss is low and so on the characteristic. Moreover, becauseit is directly transforms from the electrical energy into themechanical energy but does not transform through themagnetoelectricity, therefore, does not have the magnetism disturbancenot to fear the magnetism disturbance. It also may the low speedmovement but not use the reduction gear. This kind of miniatureelectrical machinery in the aviation, astronautics, the precisionmachinery, the instrument measuring appliance, the automatic control,the robot, the scanning electricity mirror moves slightly, thephotographic camera automatic focusing, the magnetic head moves, themotor vehicle windshield wiper and the electrically operated switchglass and so on many areas of technology has the broad applicationprospect.
The former piezoelectricity ceramics were by several microns thepolytropism material which was composed to several dozens micronsmulti- domains crystal grains, the size have not been able to meetthe needs. Reduces the particle size to an Asian micron level, mayimprove the material the workability, may do the substrate is thinner,may enhance the array frequency, reduces the transducer array theloss, enhances the component the mechanical strength, reducesmultilayered component each level thickness, thus reduces the slavingvoltage, this to enhances folds the level transformer, the brake allis beneficial. Reduces the particle size to have the above so manyadvantage, but simultaneously also brought reduced the piezoelectriceffect the influence. In order to overcome this kind of influence, thepeople changed the traditional doping craft, makes 细晶粒 thepiezoelectricity ceramics piezoelectric effect to increase to and粗晶粒 the piezoelectricity ceramics suitable level. Nowmanufactured 细晶粒 the material cost to be possible to competewith the ordinary ceramics. In recent years, the people carried onwith 细晶粒 the piezoelectricity ceramics have cut grind theresearch, and manufactured some high frequency transducers, the microbrake and the thin buzzer (porcelain piece 20-30um is thick), hasproven 细晶粒 the piezoelectricity ceramics superiority. Along withthe nanotechnology development, 细晶粒 the piezoelectricity ceramicmaterial research and the application development was still theshort-term hot spot. Moreover, the piezoelectricity body is the launchand the receive ultrasonic wave ideal material. When the alternationelectrical signal function to the piezoelectricity body, has thedeformation because of the counter piezoelectric effect, gets off anaircraft 电耦合 the resonance in the suitable frequency to launchthe ultrasonic wave, thus the constitution launch pokes head in, butwhen the ultrasonic wave does uses in the piezoelectricity body, as aresult of the undulation mechanical power function, can because of thepiezoelectric effect but in the piezoelectricity body correspondingsurface produce the electrical signal to output, the constitutionreceive pokes head in. Pokes head in with this kind to be allowed tomanufacture the ultrasonic flaw detector survey object interior theflaw, but also may make the supersonic microscope, the supersonicthickness gauge and so on.
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