speak,talk,say在英语中的意思分别 是:
1. speak 强调单方的“说”或“讲”,一般用作
不及物动词,要表示“对某人说(某事)”,可用 speak to [with] sb (about sth)。如:
Please speak more slowly. 请说慢一点。
I spoke to [with] the chairman about my idea. 我跟主席说了我的想法。
2. talk 强调双方“交谈”,一般用作不及物动词,表示“同某人谈论(某事)”,可用 talk to [with] sb (about sth)。如:
He was talking to [with] a friend. 他在同一位朋友谈话。
What are they talking about? 他们在谈论什么?
注:有时可用作及物动词,表示“谈论”、“讨论”等,但此时通常只与个别名词连用。如:
talk business 谈
正事 talk nonsense [rubbish] 胡说八道
3. say 强调说话内容,一般用作及物动词。表示“对某人说”,可用 say to sb。如:
Did you say anything (to him)? 你(对他)说了些什么?
He said (that) he wanted to go. 他说他想去。
注:以下句型值得注意:
据说他病了。
正:It is said that he is ill.
正:He is said to be ill.
4. tell 表示“告诉”,可接
双宾语,双宾语
易位时用介词 to 引出
间接宾语。如:
I told him my name. 我把名字告诉了他。
He told his parents the good news. / He told the good news to his parents. 他把这个好消息告诉了他父母。
注:还可接
不定式的复合结构作宾语。如:
Tell her to come at once. 叫她马上来。
He told the children not to play in the street.他叫孩子们不要在街上玩。
另外,有时与介词 from 连用表示“区分”、“辨别”等。如:
I cannot tell which is which. 我分不清哪个是哪个。
Can you tell true friends from false friends? 你能分清真 假朋友吗?
5. 注意习惯表达:
(1) 表示“演说”、“演讲”、“发言”等,一般用 speak 。如:
Who is going to speak at the meeting? 谁将在会上发言?
(2) 表示“讲故事”、“说谎”等,一般用 tell。如:
He often tells us interesting stories. 他经常给我们讲有趣的故事。
(3) 表示“说某种语言”,一般用 speak (及物)。如:
Do you speak French? 你会说法语吗?
注:偶尔用动词 talk 表示“说”某种语言,但很少见。
(4) 在某些搭配中,有时可有多种表达。如:
say [speak] a word 说句话 say [tell, speak] the truth 讲真话