下面这句话中的was left是什么用法？was表被动吗？

Question

I was not surprised to find that the machine still refused to work after I had reassembled it, for the simple reason that I was left with several curiously shaped bits of metal which did not seem to fit anywhere. ——《新概念英语》
只有五种情况需要用到be动词，分别为：1. 说明A是B。2. 说明A的状态。3. 表达A有B。4. 表示正在进行时，此时be动词和一个动词ing连用。5.表示被动，此时be动词和一个过去分词(动词的一种变形)连用。
（1）请问这个例子中的是was left第五种情况吗？那也得改成the several curiously shaped bits of metal was left by me才对吧？如果was left是被动，这里的left做的是及物动词，那它的宾语应该是句子的主语 I。与原文矛盾。
（2）请问这里的was可以用had代替吗？为什么？

Answer 1

be动词有多种变化形式，is，am，are，was，were，being，been，to be。另外，be动词还有成为的意思。根据句子中不同的人称、数和时间，型态，应该选择相应的be动词。
一、be动词做系动词
1、系动词+表语”的结构
当be 动词做系动词使用时，主要构成“系动词+表语”的结构，在句子中做谓语。表语可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语等。例如：
The man is a science teacher.
Mary's new dresses are colourful.
Your brother is being very annoying this evening
2、be 动词的一般疑问句，方法是把be 移到主语前面，也可说成是移到句首。
Is the man a science teacher? Yes, he is. / No, he isn't.
Are Mary's new dresses colourful? Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.
Was mother in the kitchen then? Yes, she was. / No, she wasn't.
Were you at home the day before yesterday? Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't.
Was she late this morning? Yes, she was. / No, she wasn't.
3、be 动词用在特殊疑问句
在特殊疑问句里，be 动词仍然移到主语前面，但特殊疑问句是以特殊疑问词开头的，所以be 动词只能说是移到主语前面，或者说是在特殊疑问词的后面。例如：
Whose bike is broken? Xiao Ming's bike is.
Who was singing in the room? Mr. Zhang was.
Where are you from? I am from Wuhu.
What class were you in? We were in Class 2.
How old is Tom? He is ten.
4、be 动词的否定句
be 动词做谓语时，它的否定形式是在be后加not，并且可以缩写。例如：
It is not sunny today.
Tom and his friends are not in the park.
You were not nine years old when I went to the university.
He was not often late for his class when he was a student.
I wasn't here yesterday.
My parents weren't at home last Sunday.
5、be 动词的祈使句
be 动词的祈使句有肯定和否定两种形式。肯定形式是以be 动词开头，而否定形式或强调句形，要加don't 或do。例如：
Be careful!
Be a good boy!追问

文不对题？

Answer 2

1、我也认为是被动，至于为什么不加the，说不上来，从语感上来说，是不用加the的。
2、我觉得不可以吧，用was left被动可以表示剩下了几个东东，并不是我主观意愿想剩下来的。
不一定帮得上，留个记录，后面看看有没有确定的理论答案，我也需要回炉重造一下，太依赖语感了，理论知识忘记了很多。追问

您好，既然was left是被动，考虑到这里的left做的是及物动词，那它的宾语其实是句子的主语 I。这样解释的话显然与原文想表达的意思相矛盾，应该是several curiously shaped bits of metal 做 was left的宾语才对。