汉文翻译成英文

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亲爱的网友，英语高手，希望能帮小弟一个忙，把下文翻译成英文，有急用，非常感谢！！！！
CRM的起源
CRM（Customer Relationship Management）最早由美国Gartner Group于1997年正式提出。随着管理学和营销学理念的不断发展与演变，客户关系已成为企业界和学术界共同关注的热点，世界范围内的CRM市场也正处于快速增长之中。1997~1999年，全球CRM市场平均每年呈现出91%的增长率，同时期的IT行业的增长率仅为12%，CRM无疑是全球增长最快大的领域之一。CRM的主要应用领域是制造业，电信业，公共事业，金融服务业和零售业等，网上商场和一些新兴的与Internet联系紧密的企业已经率先成为CRM的受害者。
CRM传到我国是1999年的事情，但我国真正开始大规模的关于CRM的研究是在2000年的下半年。2000年岁末，供应商Oracle公司邀请合作伙伴HP，EMC和普华永道在北京共同举办了“想客户所想”客户关系管理应用研讨会;2000年10月才从朗讯科技拆分出来的Avaya公司也举办了一场沸沸扬扬的“CRM论坛”；IBM公司将12月定为“CRM”月，同时利用公司网站进行解决方案的“热卖活动”。我国信息产业部经过长期策划，举办了“首届客户关系管理国际研讨会”，从而掀起了我国客户关系管理研究与应用的热潮。研究机构纷纷撰文探讨CRM概念，内涵，实施与应用方面的问题，Oracle,IBM,SAP,Siebel等开发商也纷纷介入到中国市场，国内软件行业如用友，金蝶，连成互动，创智等也竞相推出本土的CRM解决方案，一时间在我国形成了CRM的开发热潮。
系统了解客户关系管理思想的起源与发展轨迹，对于我们深刻认识和把握客户关系管理理念的真正内涵有着重要的作用。实际上，早在20世纪60年代，管理学界的泰斗Peter Drucker就指出，“企业经营的真谛是获得并留住客户”，这是学术界有关CRM理论基础论述的较早记载。1983年，美国学者Theodore Levitt的一篇被誉为关系营销领域里程碑式的文章“After the Sale is Over”,拉开了工业市场关系营销研究的帷幕。李维特指出，“买卖双方的关系很少在一笔交易结束后终止。相反，交易结束之后这种关系反而得到加强，并影响买方决定下一次购买时的选择。重点应该怎样从推销转移到保证客户在销售结束后持续地感到满意。”该文章在推销观念盛行的时期提出了“仅仅做一名优秀的推销员是不够的，发展持久的关系才是公司最重要的一项资产”这样的观念，给后继的研究者带来了非常深远的影响。随后，美国学者贝里首次提出“关系营销”的概念，并将其引入服务的范畴，正式揭开了理论界研究客户关系问题的序幕，他对关系营销进行了初步的界定：吸引，保持以及加强与客户的关系。1984年，埃弗斯（Ives）和里尔芒斯（Learmonth）提出了客户关系管理的概念，分析了客户生命周期不同阶段的特征以及客户需求的变化，为企业分析客户消费行为，掌握客户消费心理提供了有章可循的规律性理论。这一观念的提出可以说相当程度上推动了客户关系管理观念的发展，使得企业开始重视客户关系与企业长久利益之间的关系，因此被视为客户关系管理思想的萌芽。
CRM的定义
CRM以一种以客户为中心的创新型企业运营模式与管理机制，它通过综合应用各种信息技术和软硬件集成的管理方法对企业所拥有的客户资料进行深入挖掘和快捷管理，依托营销理论重点从客户沟通方面构建和谐的客户关系，在生产，销售，服务和技术支持等方面进行全面进行全面整合，旨在通过有效的客户关系的改善来提高企业生产，营销和服务等相关业务的效率，有针对性地为客户提供有价值的产品或服务，从而实现客户价值最大化和企业收益最大化之间的平衡。

Answer 1

CRM's origins

CRM (Customer Relationship Management) was first proposed by Gartner Group in 1997, the United States formally proposed. Management and Marketing with the continuous development and evolution of ideas, customer relationship has become a common business and academic focus of attention, worldwide CRM market is in a rapid increase. 1997 to 1999, the global CRM market, showing a 91% average annual growth rate, while the growth rate of the IT industry, only 12%, CRM is no doubt the fastest growing areas of major. The main areas of CRM applications in manufacturing, telecommunications, utilities, financial services and retail, online shopping malls and a number of emerging companies closely linked with the Internet has become the first victims of CRM.

CRM spread to China in 1999 thing, but to start the real large-scale research on CRM in the second half of 2000. End of the year 2000, the company invites vendors Oracle partners HP, EMC and PricewaterhouseCoopers jointly held in Beijing, "what customers think," customer relationship management application seminars; in October 2000 was split out from Lucent Technologies Avaya company also held a simmering "CRM Forum"; IBM company in December as "CRM" month, while leveraging the company website solutions "hot activities." China's Ministry of Information after long-term planning, organized the "First International Conference on Customer Relationship Management", which started my study and application of customer relationship management craze. Research institutions have the author of CRM concepts, content, implementation and application issues, Oracle, IBM, SAP, Siebel and other vendors have also involved in the Chinese market, the domestic software industry, such as UF, Kingdee, and even into an interactive, Knowledge and Innovation Community, also introduction of native competing CRM solutions, for a time in our development of the formation of a CRM boom.

Customer Relationship Management system to understand the origin and development path for us to deeply understand and grasp the true concept of customer relationship management, content plays an important role. In fact, as early as 60 years in the 20th century, the dean of academic management Peter Drucker pointed out that "the essence of business is to obtain and retain customers", which is the academic theory related to CRM records discussed earlier. In 1983, an American scholar Theodore Levitt praised as a landmark in the field of relationship marketing article "After the Sale is Over", beginning the marketing research industry market relations curtain. Levitt pointed out that "the relationship between buyers and sellers rarely terminated after the end of a deal. On the contrary, instead of trading after the end of this relationship has been strengthened, and influence the buyer decided to purchase the next choice. The focus should be how to shift from selling to After the sale to ensure customer satisfaction consistently. "selling the concept of the article put forward during the popular" only be a good salesman is not enough to develop lasting relationships is the company's most important assets, "so concept, the researchers brought to the subsequent far-reaching implications. Subsequently, the American scholar Berry for the first time that "relationship marketing" concept, and its introduction of the scope of services, has opened a formal theory in the study of the relationship between customer prelude, he had a preliminary relationship marketing definition: to attract and maintain and strengthening the relationship with customers. In 1984, Evers (Ives) and Lille Commons (Learmonth) proposed the concept of customer relationship management, analysis of the customer life cycle characteristics of different stages and changes in customer demand for enterprise analysis of Consumer Behavior, master of Consumer psychological theory provides a rule-based regularity. The proposed concept can be said to a certain extent, promoted the development of the concept of customer relationship management, allows companies starting to focus on long-term interests of the customer relationship and business relationship between the customer relationship management is seen as the seed of thought.

CRM Definition

     CRM with a customer-centric business model and innovative enterprise management mechanism, it is through the integrated application of various information technologies and integrated management of hardware and software owned by the enterprise to conduct in-depth customer data mining and efficient management, relying on marketing theory focus of communication from the customer and build a harmonious customer relations, production, sales, service and technical support to conduct a thorough full integration to customer relationship through effective improvements to increase production, marketing and services related to business efficiency , targeted to provide customers with valuable products or services to maximize customer value and maximize the balance between corporate earnings.

Answer 2

CRM (Customer Relationship Management) first by American Gartner Group formally in 1997. With the management and marketing concept development and evolution, customer relationship has become a common concern of industry and academia, worldwide CRM market is also experiencing rapid growth. From 1997 to 1999, global CRM market average annual growth rates, 91% of showing the IT industry in the same period of growth was only 12%, the world's fastest-growing CRM is undoubtedly one of the big. The main application fields are CRM manufacturing, telecommunications, public utilities, financial services and retail stores, web and some emerging Internet contact closely with the enterprise has became the first victims of CRM.
CRM is in 1999 to the real thing, but start mass CRM is about the second half in 2000. In 2000, the company invites end suppliers Oracle partner HP, EMC and pricewaterhousecoopers (PWC) jointly held the "in Beijing to want" customer relationship management conference, In October 2000 from lucent technologies split out of the company and Avaya held a bubbling "CRM BBS", IBM will be December as "CRM", while using the company website sells the "solution". China's ministry of information industry through long-term planning, held "1st international conference on customer relationship management in China, thus raised the research and application of customer relationship management. Research institutions in writing about concept, content, the implementation of CRM and application issues, Oracle, IBM, SAP, developers have Siebel etc in domestic market, in China, such as uf software industry, interactive, successfully kingdee also scrambling to launch domestic CRM solutions, time in China's development formed CRM.
Understand customer relationship management system of the ideological origin and development path, for our deep understanding and mastering the customer relationship management concept of real connotation plays an important role. Actually, early in the 1960s, management of Peter Drucker is pointed out that the essence of enterprise management "is obtained and retaining the customer", it is discussed on basis of the theory of CRM earlier records. In 1983, an American scholar of Theodore Levitt as a landmark of relationship marketing field of the article is Over their ", "the study of the relationship between industrial market marketing. LiWeiTe points out, "the relationship between both parties in a transaction rarely after termination. Instead, after this relationship instead trading, and strengthened the next purchase decision. How should focus from selling transferred to ensure customer after continuously in sales was satisfied." This article in pushing forward the conception popular period "only make an excellent salesman is insufficient, develop a lasting relationship is the most important asset" this concept, to bring the successor of the profound influence. Then, an American scholar first "relationship marketing berry, and the concept of" to the service of the category, officially opened the theoretical research of customer relationship problems of relationship marketing, he carried on the preliminary definition: to attract and keep and to strengthen relations with customers. In 1984, (and) and lille Ives, Learmonth (awn) put forward the concept of customer relationship management, analyzes the different phases of the life cycle of customers and customer demand characteristics of change, for enterprise customer consumption behavior, customer master consumption psychology theory provides rule-based regularity. This concept of substantially promoted the development of customer relationship management concept, make enterprise begin with enterprise long-term interests of customer relationship, the relationship between therefore considered customer relationship management theory.
CRM definition
CRM with a client-centred innovative enterprise operation mode and management mechanism, it through the comprehensive application of information technology and integrated management method for software companies have to dig the customer information and management, relying on the marketing theory from customer communication on the harmonious relationship between customers and in the production, sales, service and technical support for comprehensive thorough, through effective integration of customer relationship improved to improve production, marketing and service related business efficiency and targeted customers valuable product or service, so as to realize the maximization of enterprise value and customer the balance between the maximum profit.

Answer 3

CRM (Customer Relationship Management) first by American Gartner Group formally in 1997 with the Management and marketing concept development and evolution, Customer Relationship has become a common concern of industry and academia, worldwide CRM market is also experiencing rapid growth in 1997 to 1999, global CRM market average annual growth rates, 91% of showing the IT industry in the same period of growth was only 12%, the world's fastest-growing CRM is undoubtedly one of the big main application fields are CRM industry, manufacturing, financial services and public undertakings, such as retailing, stores and other emerging Internet with Internet firms have been closely linked to the victims of CRM become

Answer 4

CRM (Customer Relationship Management) first by American Gartner Group formally in 1997 with the Management and marketing concept development and evolution, Customer Relationship has become a common concern of industry and academia, worldwide CRM market is also experiencing rapid growth in 1997 to 1999, global CRM market average annual growth rates, 91% of showing the IT industry in the same period of growth was only 12%, the world's fastest-growing CRM is undoubtedly one of the big main application fields are CRM industry, manufacturing, financial services and public undertakings, such as retailing, stores and other emerging Internet with Internet firms have been closely linked to the victims of CRM become

Answer 5

　　CRM's origins
　　CRM (Customer Relationship Management) was first proposed by Gartner Group in 1997, the United States formally proposed. Management and Marketing with the concept of continuous development and evolution of customer relationship has become a common business and academic focus of attention, worldwide CRM market is in a rapid increase. 1997 to 1999, the global CRM market, showing a 91% average annual growth rate, while the growth rate of the IT industry, only 12%, CRM is no doubt the fastest growing areas of major. The main areas of CRM applications in manufacturing, telecommunications, utilities, financial services and retail, online shopping malls and a number of emerging companies closely linked with the Internet has become the first victims of CRM.
　　CRM spread to China in 1999 thing, but to start the real large-scale research on CRM in the second half of 2000. End of the year 2000, the company invites vendors Oracle partners HP, EMC and PricewaterhouseCoopers jointly held in Beijing, "what customers think," customer relationship management application seminars; in October 2000 was split out from Lucent Technologies Avaya company also held a simmering "CRM Forum"; IBM company in December as "CRM" month, while using the company website solutions "hot activities." China's Ministry of Information after long-term planning, organized the "First International Conference on Customer Relationship Management", which started my study and application of customer relationship management craze. Research institutions have the author of CRM concepts, content, implementation and application issues, Oracle, IBM, SAP, Siebel and other vendors have also involved in the Chinese market, the domestic software industry, such as UF, Kingdee, and even into an interactive, Knowledge and Innovation Community, also introduction of native competing CRM solutions, for a time in our development of the formation of a CRM boom.
　　Customer Relationship Management system to understand the origin and development path for us to deeply understand and grasp the true concept of customer relationship management, content plays an important role. In fact, the early 60s in the 20th century, the dean of academic management Peter Drucker pointed out that "the essence of business is to obtain and retain customers", which is the basis of academic theory of the CRM record discussed earlier. In 1983, an American scholar Theodore Levitt praised as a landmark in the field of relationship marketing article "After the Sale is Over", beginning the marketing research industry market relations curtain. Levitt pointed out that "the relationship between buyers and sellers rarely terminated after the end of a deal. On the contrary, instead of trading after the end of this relationship has been strengthened, and influence the buyer decided to purchase the next choice. The focus should be how to shift from selling to After the sale to ensure customer satisfaction consistently. "marketing idea of the article put forward during the popular" only be a good salesman is not enough to develop lasting relationships is the company's most important assets, "so concept, the researchers brought to the subsequent far-reaching implications. Subsequently, the first time an American scholar Berry "relationship marketing" concept, and its introduction of the scope of services, has opened a formal theory in the study of customer relations a prelude, he had a preliminary relationship marketing definition: to attract and maintain and strengthening the relationship with customers. In 1984, Evers (Ives) and Lille Commons (Learmonth) proposed the concept of customer relationship management, analysis of the customer life cycle characteristics of different stages and changes in customer demand for enterprise analysis of Consumer Behavior, master of Consumer psychological theory provides a rule-based regularity. The proposed concept can be said to a certain extent, promoted the development of the concept of customer relationship management, allows companies starting to focus on long-term interests of the customer relationship and business relationship between the customer relationship management is seen as the seed of thought.
　　CRM Definition
　　CRM with a customer-centric innovation-oriented enterprises operating 模式 and management mechanism, which by synthesizing and applying all software and hardware Jicheng information technology and management methods of the Enterprise for customers Ziliao mine and efficient management, Yituo Yingxiaolilun focus of communication from the customer's customer relationship harmonious, in production, sales, service and technical support to conduct a thorough comprehensive integration aims to improve customer relations and effective to Tigao production, marketing and service Xiangguan business efficiency , targeted to provide customers with valuable products or services to maximize customer value and maximize the balance between corporate earnings.本回答被提问者采纳