1.hardly
adv.（副词）
Barely; just.
几乎没有；仅仅：刚刚
To almost no degree; almost not:
几乎不：任何程度上几乎不；几乎没有：
I could hardly hear the speaker.
我几乎听不到演说者的声音
Probably or almost surely not:
可能或几乎肯定不：
“Easily was a man made an infidel, but hardly might he be converted to another faith”(T.E. Lawrence)
“一个人可以轻易地变为不信宗教的人，但几乎不可能转而相信另外一种信仰”(T.E.劳伦斯)
With severity; harshly.
严厉地；粗鲁地
With great difficulty; painfully.
非常困难地；痛苦地
2.barely
[5bZEli]
adv.
几乎不能:仅仅, 刚刚,
By a very little; hardly:
仅仅；几乎没有：
could barely see the road in the fog.
在雾中几乎不能看清路
In a scanty manner; sparsely:
简陋地；很少：
a barely furnished room.
陈设简陋的房间
3.scarcely
adv.
几乎不, 简直没有
By a small margin; barely:
刚刚；才：
We scarely made it in time.
我们刚刚赶到
Almost not; hardly:
几乎不；简直不：
We scarcely ever used the reserve generator.
我们几乎从未用过这台备用发动机
Certainly not:
决不：
They could scarcely complain after such good treatment.
在受到如此好的待遇后他们决不会抱怨
Scarcely 有否定的意味，因此当它与另一否定形式一起用时被认为是不正确的， 就如在I couldn't scarcely believe it 中。
barely
adv.（副词）
By a very little; hardly:
仅仅；几乎没有：
could barely see the road in the fog.
在雾中几乎不能看清路
In a scanty manner; sparsely:
简陋地；很少：
a barely furnished room.
陈设简陋的房间
Hardly 和一个否定词在一起的用法在标准英语中应尽量避免， 一些批评学家一直怀疑象hardly，rarely 和 scarcely 这样的副词在传统的双重否定的句中应被视为否定词， 这样的词使句子象I couldn't hardly see him 和 I didn't get none 一样被弄糟了， 他们争论说，毕竟句子Mary hardly laughed 的意思是玛丽的确笑了， 而不是她没笑，所以不表示否定的建议。但是hardly 和 scarcely 和其他的否定表示一起在许多方面出现， 举例说，他们和象any 和 at all 这样独特的和否定上下文联系的条目组合在一起， 我们说I hardly saw him at all 或 I never saw him at all , 但并不是I occasionally saw him at all； 我们说I hardly had any time 或 I didn't have any time 但不是I had any time 等。 象其它否定副词，hardly 在句子开头时引起主语和助动词的倒装， 于是我们说Hardly had I arrived when she left， 和 Never have I read such a book 或 At no time has he condemned the movement. 等同样的句型。 别的副词并不用这样的倒装：我们不能说Occasionally has he addressed this question 或 To a slight degree have they changed their position 。 事实是象hardly 这样的副词语义上是否定的， 他们限定修饰了与不发生有关的状态或事件。于是hardly 的意思大概是“几乎根本不”； rarely 的意思大概是“实际上没有”；等等。
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