第1个回答 2009-08-31
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
动词不定式作宾语
后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有:agree, ask, choose, decide, forget, hope, learn, want, wish, would like等。如:
We hope to get there before dark. 我们希望天黑以前到那儿。
The girl decided to do it herself. 那个姑娘决定自己做那件事。
动词不定式作宾语的注意事项(2点)
1、有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语,也可跟动名词作宾语,但含义不同:
remember to do 记住要做某事;remember doing 记得曾经做过某事
forget to do忘记要做某事
forget doing 忘记曾经做过某事
stop to do 停下来去做某事
stop doing 停止做某事
go on to do 继续做另一件事
go on doing 继续做原来在做的事
I remember seeing you somewhere before.
我记得以前在哪儿见过你。
Please remember to turn off the light when you leave.
离开时请记得关好灯。
2、不定式作宾语时,如带有宾语补足语,则要把不定式放到后面,用it作形式宾语,构成“主语+动词+it+宾补(形容词、名词)+不定式”结构。如:
He found it very difficult to get to sleep.
他发现很难入睡。
动词不定式作宾语补足语
1、后面能接to不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:ask, order, teach, tell, want, wish, help等。
The teacher told us to do Exercise 1.
老师要我们做练习一。
I want both of you to go.
我要你们俩去。
We helped her (to) repair her bike.
我们帮助她修理自行车。
2.使役动词let, have, make及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel等要以不带to的不定式作宾补。
Let’s have a rest. 我们休息一会吧。
I saw him come in. 我看见他进来了。
感官动词后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾补,也可跟v-ing作宾补,前者表示动作的全部过程已结束;后者表示动作正在进行。
I saw him come downstairs.我看见他下了楼。(说明他下楼了这件事)
I saw him coming downstairs.我看见他在下楼。(说明他下楼时的情景)
动词不定式的否定形式
动词不定式的否定式是在to前加not;不带to的不定式则在动词前加not. 如:
Zhang Ming asked me not to stay at home all day.
张明要我不要整天呆在家里。
My mother let me not do it by myself.
妈妈让我不要独自做这件事。