肖邦英文简介

Question

带中文的
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Answer 1

钢琴诗人肖邦

Frederic Francois Chopin

Frederic Francois Chopin, Polish-born composer and renowned pianist, was the creator of 55 mazurkas, 13 polonaises, 24 preludes, 27 etudes, 19 nocturnes, 4 ballads, and 4 scherzos.

Frederic Chopin was born in Zelazowa Wola, Poland, on February 22, 1810, to a French father and Polish mother. His father, Nicholas Chopin, was a French tutor to many aristocratic Polish families, later accepting a position as a French teacher at the Warsaw Lyceum.

Although Chopin later attended the Lyceum where his father taught, his early training began at home. This included receiving piano lessons from his mother. By the age of six, Chopin was creating original pieces, showing innate prodigious musical ability. His parents arranged for the young Chopin to take piano instruction from Wojciech Zywny.

When Chopin was sixteen, he attended the Warsaw Conservatory of Music, directed by composer Joseph Elsner. Elsner, like Zywny, insisted on the traditional training associated with Classical music but allowed his students to investigate the more original imaginations of the Romantic style as well.

As often happened with the young musicians of both the Classical and Romantic Periods, Chopin was sent to Vienna, the unquestioned center of music for that day. He gave piano concerts and then arranged to have his pieces published by a Viennese publishing house there. While Chopin was in Austria, Poland and Russia faced off in the apparent beginnings of war. He returned to Warsaw to get his things in preparation of a more permanent move. While there, his friends gave him a silver goblet filled with Polish soil. He kept it always, as he was never able to return to his beloved Poland.

French by heritage, and desirous of finding musical acceptance from a less traditional audience than that of Vienna, Chopin ventured to Paris. Interestingly, other young musicians had assembled in the city of fashion with the very same hope. Chopin joined Franz Liszt, Hector Berlioz, Felix Mendelssohn, Vincenzo Bellini, and Auguste Franchomme, all proponents of the "new" Romantic style.

Although Chopin did play in the large concert halls on occasion, he felt most at home in private settings, enjoying the social milieu that accompanied concerts for the wealthy. He also enjoyed teaching, as this caused him less stress than performing. Chopin did not feel that his delicate technique and intricate melodies were as suited to the grandiose hall as they were to smaller environments and audiences.

News of the war in Poland inspired Chopin to write many sad musical pieces expressing his grief for "his" Poland. Among these was the famous "Revolutionary Etude." Plagued by poor health as well as his homesickness, Chopin found solace in summer visits to the country. Here, his most complex yet harmonic creations found their way to the brilliant composer's hand. The "Fantasia in F Minor," the "Barcarolle," the "Polonaise Fantasia," "Ballade in A Flat Major," "Ballade in F Minor," and "Sonata in B Minor" were all products of the relaxed time Chopin enjoyed in the country.

As the war continued in Warsaw and then reached Paris, Chopin retired to Scotland with friends. Although he was far beyond the reach of the revolution, his melancholy attitude did not improve and he sank deeper into a depression. Likewise, his health did not rejuvenate either. A window in the fighting made it possible for Chopin to return to Paris as his health deteriorated further. Surrounded by those that he loved, Frederic Francois Chopin died at the age of 39. He was buried in Paris.

Chopin's last request was that the Polish soil in the silver goblet be sprinkled over his grave.

钢琴诗人肖邦

肖邦是近代浪漫派的抒情音乐家，他在音乐史中，是一位神秘、爱国而最富于诗意生命的钢琴家。他一生创作了55部马祖卡舞曲，13部波罗涅滋，24首序曲，27首练习曲，19首夜曲，4首叙事曲以及4部诙谐曲。

1810年2月12日，肖邦出生于波兰华沙郊区的热拉佐瓦沃拉。他的父亲尼古拉斯是具有波兰血统的法国人，而母亲却是一位纯粹的波兰人。尼古拉斯原本是波兰贵族家庭的一名法语教师，后来到华沙的一所中学教授法语。

肖邦最初接触音乐的机会是跟随母亲学钢琴。六岁那年，肖邦创作出了人生的第一部作品，充分展现了他与生俱来的非凡的音乐天赋。不久后，他进入了父亲所在的学校学习，并在父母的安排下，跟随捷克音乐家W.日夫尼学习钢琴。

中学毕业后，肖邦进入华沙音乐学院学习，从师德国音乐家J.A.F埃尔斯纳。与日尼夫相同的是，埃尔斯纳在坚持古典派推崇的传统练习外，鼓励学生们从浪漫派中吸取灵感。

离开华沙音乐学院后，肖邦来到了当时的音乐圣地－维。在那里，肖邦不仅举行了多场音乐会，也发表了不少音乐作品。在波兰民族运动走向高潮，与沙俄的战争一触即发的时候，肖邦身在奥地利。不久，他回到华沙为出国做准备。临行前，华沙音乐学院的师生们为他送行，并赠以盛满祖国泥土的银杯。尽管从此肖邦再也没有回到他深爱着的祖国，他一直保存着这捧祖国的泥土。

为了得到更多浪漫派听众的认可，加上自己拥有一半的法国血统，肖邦来到了法国巴黎。有趣的是，许多抱有同样想法的年轻音乐家们也都聚集到了这座流行之都。在这里，肖邦结识了西欧文艺界许多重要人物，包括匈牙利艺术家李斯特，柏辽兹，意大利音乐家贝利尼等新浪漫主义的拥护者。

尽管肖邦有时也在大型音乐厅演出，但他更喜欢在家或是一些私人的场合，享受更融洽的氛围。他也更喜欢教学时放松的心情。肖邦认为他细致优美的演奏技巧和纷繁的旋律更适合小环境演奏，而不适合宏伟的音乐厅。

波兰陷入战火的消息促使他写了许多充满悲伤的作品，以表达对祖国波兰的哀伤与思念，其中包括名曲《革命练习曲》。肖邦的健康状况一直不佳，加上思乡心切，一度患上肺病，曾在法国南部疗养。期间写过不少成名的珍品。《F小调幻想曲》，《威尼斯船歌》，《幻想波罗涅滋舞曲》，《降A大调叙事曲》，《F小调叙事曲》，《B小调奏鸣曲》等都是在南部疗养时创作的。

战事从华沙蔓延到了巴黎，肖邦不得不和朋友们躲避至苏格兰。虽然肖邦远离了波兰的战火，但他忧郁的情绪丝毫没有改善，反而陷入了更深的沮丧之中。同样地，他的健康状况也没有恢复。回巴黎后，肖邦的健康状况急剧下降，最终在友人们的陪伴下逝世于巴黎的寓所中，结束了短短39年的生命。他的遗体被安葬在巴黎。

肖邦最后的遗愿是将银杯中祖国波兰的泥土撒在他的墓碑上。

Words:

Mazurka 马祖卡舞曲

Polonaise 波罗涅滋

Prelude 序曲

Etude 练习曲

Nocturne 夜曲

Ballad 叙事曲

Scherzo 诙谐曲

Prodigious 非凡的

Melancholy 忧郁的

Rejuvenate 恢复，复原

Deteriorate 恶化，衰退

Answer 2

弗雷德里克·弗朗西斯克·肖邦（ Fryderyk Fanciszek Chopin，1810－1849）伟大的波兰音乐家，自幼喜爱波兰民间音乐，在七岁时写了《波兰舞曲》，八岁登台演出，不满二十岁已成为华沙公认的钢琴家和作曲家。后半生正值波兰亡国，在国外渡过，创作了很多具有爱国主义思想的钢琴作品，以此抒发自己的思乡情、亡国恨。其中有与波兰民族解放斗争相联系的英雄性作品，如：《第一叙事曲》、《bA大调波兰舞曲》等；有充满爱国热情的战斗性作品，如《革命练习曲》、《b小调谐谑曲》等；有哀恸祖国命运的悲剧性作品，如《降 b小调奏鸣曲》等；还有怀念祖国、思念亲人的幻想性作品，如不少夜曲与幻想曲。
肖邦一生不离钢琴，所有创作几乎都是钢琴曲，被称为“钢琴诗人”。他在国外经常为同胞募捐演出，为贵族演出却很勉强。1837年严辞拒绝沙俄授予他的“俄国皇帝陛下首席钢琴家”的职位。舒曼称他的音乐象“藏在花丛中的一尊大炮”，向全世界宣告：“波兰不会亡”。肖邦晚年生活非常孤寂，痛苦地自称是“远离母亲的波兰孤儿”。他临终嘱附亲人把自己的心脏运回祖国。
肖邦一生中总共创作了21首圆舞曲，从表达形式上来说可分为两大类别：一类是把实际的舞蹈加以理想化的作品， 另一类则为圆舞曲形式的抒情诗。

下面是英文译文：

Frederick Francis of Chopin (Fryderyk Fanciszek Chopin,1810-1849) great Polish musician, her favorite Polish folk music, in seven hours to write the "Polish Dance", the eight go on stage performances, 20 have become dissatisfied recognized pianist and composer Warsaw. After half a lifetime at Portland subjugate a nation, and abroad over, a lot of creative thinking patriotic piano works to express their thoughts situation, subjugate a nation hate. Which linked with the Polish national liberation struggle of the heroic works, such as : "Ballade No.1", "bA large-Polish Dance";
The combat is filled with patriotic fervor works such as "Revolutionary etude", "b Minor Scherzo";
The mother who has suffered the tragic fate works, such as "reduced b minor sonata";
Also miss the motherland, miss loved ones sexual fantasies works, such as Chopin and many Fantasia. Chopin Piano life changed, almost all are creative piano, known as the "Piano poet." He compatriots abroad for either the regular performances for elite performances are very reluctantly. 1837 tsarist Russia refused to conduct his "Chief of His Majesty the Emperor of Russia pianist" positions. Schumann called his music as "the boy in a revered Tibetan artillery," declared to the world : "Poland will not perish." Chopin very life all lonely, painfully claim to be "away from the Polish orphans mother." Immediately his relatives told by the heart back to their motherland. Chopin's life created a total of 21 first feature from the formal expression, can be divided into two categories : one category is to be idealistic actual dance works, and perform other forms of lyric poetry.

参考资料：http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/6156983.html?fr=qrl3

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Answer 3

Chopin,
Frédéric
François
Chopin,
Frédéric
François
(1810-1849),
Polish
composer
and
pianist
of
the
romantic
school,
regarded
by
some
as
the
greatest
of
all
composers
of
music
for
the
piano.
Born
Fryderyk
Chopin
in
Żelazowa
Wola,
near
Warsaw,
of
a
French
father
and
a
Polish
mother,
he
preferred
to
use
the
French
name
Frédéric.
He
began
to
study
the
piano
at
the
age
of
four,
and
when
he
was
eight
years
old
he
played
at
a
private
concert
in
Warsaw.
Later
he
studied
harmony
and
counterpoint
at
the
Warsaw
Conservatory.
Chopin
was
also
precocious
as
a
composer:
His
first
published
composition
is
dated
1817.
He
gave
his
first
concerts
as
a
piano
virtuoso
in
1829
in
Vienna,
where
he
lived
for
the
next
two
years.
After
1831,
except
for
brief
absences,
Chopin
lived
in
Paris,
where
he
became
noted
as
a
pianist,
teacher,
and
composer.
He
formed
an
intimate
relationship
in
1837
with
French
writer
George
Sand.
In
1838
Chopin
began
to
suffer
from
tuberculosis
and
Sand
nursed
him
in
Mallorca,
in
the
Balearic
Islands,
and
in
France
until
continued
differences
between
the
two
resulted
in
an
estrangement
in
1847.
Thereafter
his
musical
activity
was
limited
to
giving
several
concerts
in
1848
in
France,
Scotland,
and
England.
He
died
in
Paris
of
tuberculosis.
Nearly
all
of
Chopin's
compositions
are
for
piano.
Although
an
expatriate,
he
was
deeply
loyal
to
his
war-torn
homeland;
his
mazurkas
reflect
the
rhythms
and
melodic
traits
of
Polish
folk
music,
and
his
polonaises
are
marked
by
a
heroic
spirit.
Italian
opera
composer
Vincenzo
Bellini
also
influenced
his
melodies.
His
ballades,
scherzos,
and
études
exemplify
his
large-scale
works
for
solo
piano.
His
music,
romantic
and
lyrical
in
nature,
is
characterized
by
exquisite
melody
of
great
originality,
refined—often
adventurous—harmony,
subtle
rhythm,
and
poetic
beauty.
Chopin
greatly
influenced
other
composers,
notably
the
Hungarian
pianist
and
composer
Franz
Liszt,
German
composer
Richard
Wagner,
and
French
composer
Claude
Debussy.
Chopin's
many
published
compositions
include
55
mazurkas,
27
études,
24
preludes,
19
nocturnes,
13
polonaises,
and
3
piano
sonatas.
Among
his
other
works
are
the
Concertos
in
E
minor
and
in
F
minor,
both
for
piano
and
orchestra,
the
cello
sonata,
and
17
songs.
参考：微软百科全书