英语倒装句的用法归纳总结

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

一、完全倒装
1. 在副词开头的句子中，如here, there, now, then, away, down, in, up, off, out等，主语一般为名词，谓语动词为be, come, go, run等，常使用完全倒装。
【考例】Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away fled the thief.
解析：fled the thief。副词away位于句头，使用完全倒装。
2. 地点状语位于句首时，主语为名词且谓语动词语为不及物动词（如lie, stand, sit等），常使用完全倒装句式。
【考例】At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River lies Chongqing, one of the ten largest cities in China.
解析：lies Chongqing。句意：这里是将地点状语提前且主语为名词，故用完全倒装形式。
二、部分倒装
1. 否定词语位于句首时引起的部分倒装（倒装否定词语所在的句子）。常见的否定副词或短语有：never/seldom/not/little/nowhere/hardly/in no case/in no sense/by no means/at no time等。
【考例】At no time did they actually break the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them.
解析：did they actually break。at no time为否定词语，因此主句用部分倒装结构。
2. “only+状语”位于句首时。
【考例】Only after talking to two students did I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
解析：did I discover。only+状语(从句)置于句首，后面的主句需部分倒装。
3. 在so...that句型中，如果so引导的部乎配分位于句首，则主句要使用部分倒装。
【考例】So sudden was the attack that the enemy had no time to escape.
解析：was the attack。sudden是形容词，在句中作表语，故动词应用was。
4. as或though引导让步状语从句置于句首时引起的部分倒装（although不能引导倒装）。
【考例】Hot as the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
解析：was the night air。Hot as the night air was尽管夜晚的空裤顷念气很热。
5. so / neither / nor位于句首表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或物，使用部分倒装。
其句型是：so / neither / nor＋助动词 / 系动词 / 情态动词＋主语。
【考例】Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and neither was I.
解析：neither was I。该句前半句否定的内容也适用于后者，所以用neither构成倒装。
6. hardly...when / no sooner...than / not until等连接复合句时，如果hardly, no sooner, not until放于句首，主句使用部分倒装，从句不倒装； not only...but also连接并列分句时，如果not only放于句首, 前一个分句使用部分倒装，后一个分句不倒装。
【考例1】Not until he retired from teaching three years ago did he have a holiday abroad.
解析：did he have。Not until位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。根据句意可知，主句应用一般过去时。
【考例2】The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only was teachers’ energy saved, but students became more interested in the lessons.
解析：was teachers’ energy saved。not only...but also...连接并列分句，not only后面的分句使用部分倒装。
补充：在”there be”句型中，须使用倒装结构，除there be外还有there live/stand/lie/exist等“结构”。