A report from this project was issued in December 2002.
This report revealed some new areas that needed further
research activities, and part 2 of the project was launched. Key
issues here are heat transfer between materials, liquids and gas.
A report from this project was issued in December 2003. Theobjective of part 3 was to establish a link between the fire itself
and the exposed process equipment. A complete model should
be developed that could show the effect from a fire on the
exposed component in an interactive process. To perform
further research work into this subject, a part 4 will most likely
be launched in 2005. The objective is to integrate structural
strength into the model.Control Philosophy. Performance based regulation.
It is important to emphasize that the Norwegian HSE
regulations for petroleum activities are performance based
rather than being prescriptive [7]. The regulations are supported
by guidelines, and the guidelines describe methods of achieving
the functional requirements and goals. Normally the guidelines
refer to international and national standards. It is therefore
important for the regulator to know which standard is the most
relevant, concerning for instance fire technical issues. This is
why the PSA in Norway is supporting this project.
Requirements for protection of process equipment against
fire.
Requirements to fire protection of process equipment are
stipulated in Regulation relating to design and outfitting of
facilities etc. in the petroleum activities section 28.This section
say: ‘Where passive protection is used, it shall be designed so
as to give relevant structures and equipment adequate fire
resistance with regard to load bearing properties, integrity and
insulation properties during a dimensioning fire.’ In the
guidelines it is further stated that: ‘for gas and liquid-filled
vessels and pipe-sections, the passive fire protection should be
sufficient to prevent rupture before depressurisation is carried
out.’ The relevant standard referred to in this section is
NORSOK S-001. This standard has the following heat flux
values:
New platform concepts – new challenges for safety
management.
During the last years we have been introduced to new
concepts for developing oil and gas fields in Norway. This
concerns mostly developments in deep-water areas, deeper than
traditional developments (70-150m). The petroleum activities
are also moving further north on the Norwegian continental
shelf. Northern areas imply more harsh weather conditions, and
also environmental concerns.
It is therefore of importance to have good competence and
knowledge in the HSE-area when developing new fields. The
design must be based on well-proven and well-documented
technology. But the performance-based regulations are also an
opportunity for the operator to develop other technical solutions
with the same safety level as those described in the guidelines,
as long as compliance with the required safety level can bedocumented.
请注意 ：谢绝机翻不通顺 谢谢！