（
过去完成时“had done”也包括在内）。
例：1、主动：We have studied English for 3 years and on at the spare-time school.
被动：English has been studied for 3 years by us and on at the spare-time school.（“have”随新主语变为“has”）
我们已经在夜校里断断续续地学了三年英语了。
2、主动：They had produced 100 tractors by the end of last year.
被动：100 tractors had been produced by the end of last year.
到去年年底我们已生产出一百台拖拉机。
3、主动：They have set up a power station in their home town.
被动：A power station has been set up in their home town.
他们的家乡建立了一座发电站。
4、主动：They have warned us to be careful of rats.
被动：We have been warned to be careful of rats by them.
他们已提醒我们要注意老鼠。
5、主动：People have piled plastic bags full of rubbish in streets.
被动： Plastic bags full of rubbish have been piled in streets.
人们把装满垃圾的塑料袋子堆放在街上。
6、主动：We have used nuclear energy to produce electricity.
被动：Nuclear energy has been used to produce electricity by us.
核能已被我们用来发电。
7、主动：No one has ever beaten him at tennis.
被动：He has never been beaten at tennis.
就网球来说还没有人是他的对手。
（“No one”涉及到全否定和部分否定问题，见否定一讲）
The person who owns the gun may try to deny that he has used it. But anyone seeing the smoke knows the gun has just been fired.
有枪的人会极力否认他开了枪。但是任何看到枪烟（枪冒的烟）的人都会知道刚才开了枪。
Today is Cilia's wedding day, she has just been married to Bob.
今天是西丽亚的新婚日，她刚刚和鲍勃结婚。
The subjects of these lectures have been announced by the lecture committee.
演讲委员会已宣布了这些讲演的题目。
过去完成时也是一样：
主动：Somebody had cleaned my shoes.
被动：My shoes had been cleaned by somebody.
有人已把我的鞋子擦了。
主动：When I returned I found that they had towed (tow) my car away, I asked why they had done this and they told me that it was because I had parked it under a "No Parking Sign".
被动：My car had been towed away. I asked why this had been done and told that...it had been parked under a "No Parking Sign".
当我回来时，发现我的车被弄走了。我问他们为什么这么干。他们告诉我说因为我把车停在“禁止停车”的禁区。
主动：They had build three ships by last December.
被动：By last December three ships had been built by them.
追问复制的不需要
还是感谢