GrammarâModal-verb
â
.æ
æå¨è¯
ä¸ãcan/could
1.表示è½åæ¶
was/were able to å
·ä½åææ件äºï¼=managed to do ï¼
could åªè¡¨ç¤ºè½å¤
2.can+æå®å¨è¯
can taste/ see/ hear/ smell/ feel/ believe/ decide/ understand
3.can表示æ讶ãä¸æ¢ç¸ä¿¡
Eg: How can you do like this?
4.cannot but do
cannot choose but do
cannot help but do
Eg: I cannot but feel sorry for her.
I cannot choose but follow her advice.
5.cannot⦠over/ enough/ too â¦é½ä¸è¿åï¼è¶â¦è¶å¥½
Eg: You cannot over praise him.
6.ç论ä¸çå¯è½æ§ï¼
Eg: Accidents can happen on such rainy days.
Anyone can make mistakes.
The temperature can fall to -40â.
7.canât 表示å¦å®æ¨æµï¼
Eg: It canât be him, for he has gone to Paris yesterday.ä¸è½ç¨mustnât
8.can/could 表示å
许ã请æ±
Can/May I help you?
I wonder if I can/could do sth.(æ¤å¤couldä¸è¡¨ç¤ºæ¶æ)
-Can/Could/May I use�
-Yes, you can/may.
-No, you canât/ may not/ mustnât.(é¢ç®é项ä¸å¦æ表å¦å®å
许æmustnâtå°±émustnât)
Youâd better not.(mayé®ä¸è¬ä¸ç¨mayåç)
Iâd rather you didnât.
9.can/could (not) have done
(1)æ¬è½åã没è½å¤
(2)è¿å»å¯è½ä¼åãè¿å»ä¸å¯è½å
Eg: He could have killed Harry Potter, but he didnât.ï¼è¿å»æ¬è½å¤ï¼
He couldnât have killed him 17 years ago, and he cannot do it now, either.ï¼è¿å»æ²¡è½å¤ï¼
Can he have gone to his auntâs ?(è¿å»å¯è½ä¼å)
He cannot have forgotten it. ï¼è¿å»ä¸å¯è½ï¼
äºãmay/might
1.may /might æ¨æµæ§ç¨æ³ å¯è½
He may be right.
He may not come today (å¯è½ä¸)
He may /might come tomorrow.
注æï¼åªç¨äºè¯å®åå¦å®å¥ä¸,ä¸ç¨äºçé®å¥ä¸
2.may not å¯è½ä¸ can notä¸å¯è½
He may not come He canât come
3.may as wellæ好 may wellçåºï¼æ足å¤ççç±
You mayï¼mightï¼as well stay where you are.
-Shall we walk?
-We may as well.
4.表ç¥æ¿ May you be happy!
5.may (might) + have +done 表示对è¿å»åçè¡ä¸ºçæ¨æµï¼ä¹è®¸æ许已ç»å
It may have been true.
He might not have settled the question.
He may not have finished the work.
I think he may have gone to bed.
6.may表示ç®ç
Eg: You must go to bed early so that you can/may catch the train.
7.表示让æ¥
Eg: However hard he may try, he cannot get the first place.
ä¸ãmust
1. 表示ä¹å¡æ为âå¿
é¡»âï¼ä¸»è§æå¿ï¼
Eg: We must do everything step by step.
You mustnât talk to her like that.
-Must we hand in our exerciseâbooks now?
-No, you neednât. / No, you donât have to.
2.è¯å®æ¨æµï¼ç»å¯¹ä¸è½ç¨äºå¦å®æ¨æµï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼å¦å®æ¨æµç¨canât/couldnâtï¼
Eg: He must be ill. He looks so pale.
Sheâs wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot of money.
3.åè¦åï¼åå
Eg: Why must rain on Friday?
Must you speak so loudly?
If you must smoke, please go out!
4.must have doneæ³å¿
åæ¶ä¸å®åäºæäºï¼å¦å®æ¯canât/couldnât have done
5. didnât need to have done è¿å»æ²¡æå¿
è¦åï¼å
·ä½æ¯å¦åä¸å¼ºè°
neednât have done æ¬ä¸å¿
å´åäº
åãshall
1.å¨è¯å®å¥ãå¦å®å¥ä¸è¡¨ç¤ºå½ä»¤ãè¦åãå¨èã许诺以åæ³å¾ãè§å®ãè§ç« å¶åº¦
Eg: You shall leave the room at once, and he shall, too.
It has been announced that candidates shall remain in their seat until all the papers have been collected.
-when can I get my computer back?
-Well, you shall have it on Saturday.
He shall be punished if he breaks the rule.
You should return the book to the library tomorrow.
You shall do as I say. ææ说çåãï¼å½ä»¤ï¼
You shall have my answer tomorrow. ä½ æ天å¯ä»¥å¾å°æççå¤ãï¼å
诺ï¼
He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. æä¸å¤©ä»ä¼åæçï¼æåè¯ä½ ãï¼è¦åï¼
Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan. ä»ä¹ä¹ä¸è½é»æ¢æ们æ§è¡è¿é¡¹è®¡åãï¼å³å¿ï¼
2.表示请æ±ãå
许 Shall he/ she/ they/ I/ weâ¦â¦ï¼
Eg: Shall I open the window?
Shall the driver wait outside?
äºãshould
1.ç¨äºç¬¬ä¸äººç§°çé®å¥ä¸è¯¢é®å¯¹æ¹çææ¿ï¼ä½è¯æ°è¾å§å©æ¸©å
What should we do now?
2.表示åºè¯¥ãå¿
é¡»ï¼å¸¸ä¸must æ¢ç¨ãï¼ä¸å¸¸è§ï¼
We should (must) master a foreign language at least.
3.âshould+be+表è¯âçç»æï¼è¡¨ç¤ºæ¨æµææå¥ã
They should be back by now.
I am sorry that she should be so careless.
4.âshould+have+è¿å»åè¯âçç»æï¼è¡¨ç¤ºè¿å»è¯¥åèå®é
ä¸å°æªåçå¨ä½æè¡ä¸ºï¼å
¶å¦å®å表示åçäºä¸åºè¯¥åççè¡ä¸ºãå
¶åä¹ç»æâought to have +è¿å»åè¯â,表示è¿å»âæ©åºè¯¥âãâæ¬å½âä¹æï¼è¯æ°è¾å¼ºã
I should have thought of that. è¿ä¸ç¹ææ¯åºå½æ³å°çãï¼ä½æ²¡æ³å°ï¼
They should not have left so soon.ä»ä»¬ä¸åºå½èµ°å¾è¿ä¹æ©ãï¼ä½å·²èµ°äºï¼
5. å¨âIt is natural (strange, natural, necessary, surprised, impossible, important ) thatâ¦â¦âå¥åä¸ï¼ä¸»è¯ä»å¥ä¸çè°è¯å¨è¯è¦ç¨âshould +doâ表示çæå½ç¶âãâå¥æªâãâå¿
è¦âãâæå¼âççææãå¨lestï¼ä»¥å
ï¼ãfor fear (that) (以é²)ãin caseï¼ä»¥å¤ä¸ä¸ï¼çä¹åä¹è¦ç¨should do;å¨advise, suggest, order, demand, request ççä»å¥ä¸åæ ·should do
It is necessary that he(should) be sent there at once.
It is strange that he should say so.
Let us go at once lest we should be late for the train.
6. Why/How should ç»æ表示说è¯äººå¯¹æäºä¸è½ç解ï¼æå°æå¤æå¼çææï¼æ为âç«ä¼â
Eg: Why should you be so late todayï¼
How should I know? ææä¹ä¼ç¥éï¼ï¼æ为ï¼æä¸ç¥éï¼
å
ãwill/would
1.表示æå¿ï¼å³å¿ææ¿æã
Surely we will support all the people in the world in their struggle for peace.
æ们ä¸å®è¦æ¯æå
¨ä¸ç人æ°äºååå¹³çæäºã
He would not let me try it . ãä»ä¸è¯è®©æå»è¯ã
I will do anything for you. ææ¿ä¸ºä½ åä»»ä½äºã
None is so blind as those who wonât see. ä¸æ¿çç人ç¼æçã
If you will read the book, Iâll lend it to you. å¦æä½ æ¿æ读è¿æ¬ä¹¦ï¼æä¼æå®åç»ä½
2.will表示ç»å¸¸æ§ãä¹ æ¯æ§ãå¾åæ§ï¼would表示è¿å»çä¹ æ¯è¡ä¸ºã
He would come to see me when he was in Beijing.ä»å¨å京æ¶ï¼å¸¸æ¥çææã
Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help.
Fish will die out of water. 鱼离å¼æ°´å°±ä¸è½æ´»ã
3.ç¨äºç¬¬äºäººç§°ä½ä¸»è¯ççé®å¥ä¸ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºå¯¹å¯¹æ¹ç请æ±ï¼wouldçè¯æ°æ¯willå§ç¢
Would/will you kindly tell me the way to the station? 请é®å°ç«è½¦ç«æä¹èµ°ï¼Would you like another glass of beer? åæ¥æ¯å¤é
好åï¼
Would you mind cleaning the window? 请æçªæ·æ¦ä¸ä¸å¥½åï¼
Will you close the window? Itâs a bit cold. è¯·ä½ æçªæ·å
³ä¸å¥½åï¼æç¹å·ã
Wonât you drink some more coffee? åæ¥ä¸ç¹åå¡å¥½åï¼
4.表å¯è½æ§
This will be the book you are looking for.è¿å¯è½å°±æ¯ä½ è¦æ¾ç书ã
She would be about 60 when she died.ä»æ»æ¶å¤§æ¦60å²ã
5.wonâtæ人å
Eg: The door wonât open.
The car wonât start.
ä¸ãneed
æ
æå¨è¯need å®æå¨è¯need
ç°
å¨
æ¶ You need (not) do
He need (not) do You (donât) need to do
He needs (doesnât need) to do
è¿
å»
æ¶
You needed (didnât need) to do
He needed (didnât need) to do
å°
æ¥
æ¶ You need (not) do
He need (not) do You will (not) need to do
He will (not) need to do
å
«ãdare
å¥å
æ¶æ
æ
æå¨è¯dare
å®ä¹å¨è¯ dare
è¯
å®
å¥ ç°å¨æ¶
dare to
dare/dares to do
è¿å»æ¶ dare to
dared to do
å¦
å®
å¥ ç°å¨æ¶
darenât/dare not do
do/does not dare (to) do
è¿å»æ¶ dared not do
did not dare (to) do
ç
é®
å¥ ç°å¨æ¶
Dare he do?
Do you/Does he dear (to) do?
è¿å»æ¶ Dared he do? Did he dare (to) do
ä¹ãå®æ¿åæäº
would rather do
would rather do than do
would do rather than do
would rather sb. did
prefer to do
prefer to do rather than do
prefer doing to doing
â
¡.æ
æå¨è¯è¡¨æ¨æµ
ä¸ãæ
æå¨è¯è¡¨æ¨æµçä¸ç§å¥å¼
1.å¨è¯å®å¥ä¸ä¸è¬ç¨must (ä¸å®)ï¼mayï¼å¯è½ï¼ï¼might / couldï¼ä¹è®¸ï¼æ许ï¼ã
ï¼1ï¼He must/may/might know the answer to this question?
ä»ä¸å®/å¯è½/ä¹è®¸ç¥éè¿ä¸ªé®é¢ççæ¡ã
ï¼2ï¼It is cold in the room. They must have turned off the heating.
å±éå¾å·ï¼ä»ä»¬è¯å®æææ°å
³äºã
2.å¦å®å¥ä¸ç¨canât / couldnât(ä¸å¯è½), may not/might not(å¯è½ä¸)ã
ï¼1ï¼It canât/couldnât be the headmaster. He has gone to America.
è¿ä¸å¯è½æ¯æ ¡é¿ï¼ä»å»ç¾å½äºã
ï¼2ï¼He may not/might not know the scientist. ä»ä¹è®¸ä¸è®¤è¯é£ä½ç§å¦å®¶ã
3.çé®å¥ä¸ç¨can/could (è½â¦â¦?)ã
ï¼1ï¼Could he have finished the task? ä»å¯è½æä»»å¡å®æäºåï¼
ï¼2ï¼Can he be at home now? ä»ç°å¨è½å¨å®¶åï¼
注ï¼ä»¥ä¸ä¸ç§å¥å¼ä¸æ
æå¨è¯çè¯æ°æç¨åº¦é½æ¯ä¾æ¬¡éåçãMight, could并émay, cançè¿å»å¼ï¼è表示è¯æ°è¾ä¸ºå§å©æå¯è½æ§è¾å°ã
äºãæ
æå¨è¯è¡¨æ¨æµçä¸ç§æ¶æ
1.对å°æ¥æ
åµçæ¨æµï¼ç¨âæ
æå¨è¯ + å¨è¯åå½¢âã
ï¼1ï¼She must / may / might / could arrive before 5. 5:00å她ä¸å®/å¯è½/ä¹è®¸å°ã
ï¼2ï¼She must/may/might/could walk miles and miles among the hills without meeting anyone.
她ä¸å®/å¯è½/ä¹è®¸ä¼å¨å±±éä¸è¿èµ°å¥½å è±éèéä¸å°ä¸ä¸ªäººã
2.对ç°å¨æä¸è¬æ
åµçæ¨æµï¼ç¨âæ
æå¨è¯ + beâï¼âæ
æå¨è¯ +be doingâæâæ
æå¨è¯ + å¨è¯åå½¢âã
ï¼1ï¼He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now.
ä»ä¸å®/å¯è½/ä¹è®¸æ£å¨å¬æ¶é³æºã
ï¼2ï¼He canât ( couldnât ) / may ( might ) not be at home at this time.
è¿ä¸ªæ¶åä»ä¸å¯è½/å¯è½ä¸å¨å®¶ã
ï¼3ï¼Mr. Bush is on time for everything .How can ( could ) he be late for the opening ceremony ?
å¸ä»å
çä¸ååæ¶ï¼è¿æ¬¡å¼å¹å¼ä»æä¹å¯è½è¿å°å¢ï¼
3.对è¿å»æ
åµçæ¨æµï¼ç¨âæ
æå¨è¯ + have +è¿å»åè¯âã
ï¼1ï¼It must / may / might / could have rained last night .The ground is wet.
ããå°æ¹¿äºï¼æ¨æè¯å®/å¯è½/ä¹è®¸ä¸é¨äºã
ï¼2ï¼The door was locked. He can ( could ) not / may ( might ) not have been at home .
ããé¨éçï¼ä»ä¸å¯è½/å¯è½ä¸å¨å®¶ã
ï¼3ï¼Can / Could he have gotten the bookï¼
ããé¾éä»æ¾å°ä¹¦äºåï¼
注ï¼æ
æå¨è¯ should /ought to表æ¨æµæ¶ï¼æ为âæ³å¿
ä¼ï¼çåºâ¦â¦âä½ä¸âhave +è¿å»åè¯âè¿ç¨æ¶ï¼ååå¯ææèæè¯æ°æ为âæ¬åºè¯¥åæäºå´æ²¡åâãä¾å¦ï¼
ï¼4ï¼Itâs seven oâclock. Jack should/ought to be here at any moment.
ç°å¨ä¸ç¹éäºï¼æ°å
çåºéæ¶å°è¾¾ãï¼æ¨æµï¼
ï¼5ï¼She should / ought to have attended your birthday party, but she had to look after her mother in hospital. ï¼èæï¼ å¥¹æ¬è¯¥åºå¸ä½ ççæ¥æä¼çï¼å¯æ¯å¥¹å¾å¨å»é¢ç
§é¡¾å¥¹å¦å¦ã
ï¼6ï¼Tom should not /ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant no harm. ï¼èæï¼
汤å§æ¬ä¸è¯¥åè¯æä½ çç§å¯ï¼å¯æ¯ä»å¹¶æ æ¶æã
â
¢.muståæçé®å¥
âåºè¯¥ mustnât
âå¿
é¡» neednât
âæ¨æµ è¿åæä¸å«æ¨æµçå¥åä¸è´
Eg: You must be tired, arenât you?
You must have heard of it, havenât you?
He canât have gone out yesterday, didnât he?
He canât have gone out yet, has he?
追çGrammarâModal-verb
â
.æ
æå¨è¯
ä¸ãcan/could
1.表示è½åæ¶
was/were able to å
·ä½åææ件äºï¼=managed to do ï¼
could åªè¡¨ç¤ºè½å¤
2.can+æå®å¨è¯
can taste/ see/ hear/ smell/ feel/ believe/ decide/ understand
3.can表示æ讶ãä¸æ¢ç¸ä¿¡
Eg: How can you do like this?
4.cannot but do
cannot choose but do
cannot help but do
Eg: I cannot but feel sorry for her.
I cannot choose but follow her advice.
5.cannot⦠over/ enough/ too â¦é½ä¸è¿åï¼è¶â¦è¶å¥½
Eg: You cannot over praise him.
äºãmay/might
1.may /might æ¨æµæ§ç¨æ³ å¯è½
He may be right.
He may not come today (å¯è½ä¸)
He may /might come tomorrow.
注æï¼åªç¨äºè¯å®åå¦å®å¥ä¸,ä¸ç¨äºçé®å¥ä¸
2.may not å¯è½ä¸ can notä¸å¯è½
He may not come He canât come
3.may as wellæ好 may wellçåºï¼æ足å¤ççç±
You mayï¼mightï¼as well stay where you are.
-Shall we walk?
-We may as well.
4.表ç¥æ¿ May you be happy!
5.may (might) + have +done 表示对è¿å»åçè¡ä¸ºçæ¨æµï¼ä¹è®¸æ许已ç»å
It may have been true.
He might not have settled the question.
He may not have finished the work.
I think he may have gone to bed.
6.may表示ç®ç
Eg: You must go to bed early so that you can/may catch the train.
7.表示让æ¥
Eg: However hard he may try, he cannot get the first place.
ä¸ãmust
1. 表示ä¹å¡æ为âå¿
é¡»âï¼ä¸»è§æå¿ï¼
Eg: We must do everything step by step.
You mustnât talk to her like that.
-Must we hand in our exerciseâbooks now?
-No, you neednât. / No, you donât have to.
2.è¯å®æ¨æµï¼ç»å¯¹ä¸è½ç¨äºå¦å®æ¨æµï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼å¦å®æ¨æµç¨canât/couldnâtï¼
Eg: He must be ill. He looks so pale.
Sheâs wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot of money.
3.åè¦åï¼åå
Eg: Why must rain on Friday?
Must you speak so loudly?
If you must smoke, please go out!
4.must have doneæ³å¿
åæ¶ä¸å®åäºæäºï¼å¦å®æ¯canât/couldnât have done
5. didnât need to have done è¿å»æ²¡æå¿
è¦åï¼å
·ä½æ¯å¦åä¸å¼ºè°
neednât have done æ¬ä¸å¿
å´åäº
温馨提示:答案为网友推荐,仅供参考
相似回答
情态动词的使用方法。答:常用的情态动词有:can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would 这九大情态动词;其他的还有ought to, need, dare 等。其实我们这里谈的情态动词,它的特征用法,有许多方面和助动词是一样的(请参阅 《英文语法拉杂谈》助动词);但为了方便阅读,因此即使相同的部份,这里也同样...