第2个回答 2016-09-19
动词不定式
2．作表语：
Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作是打扫大厅。
He appears to have caught a cold. 他似乎感冒了。
5．作定语：
动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系：
①动宾关系：
I have a meeting to attend. 我有一个会议要出席。
注意：不定式为不及物动词时，所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等，应有必要的介词，如：
He found a good house to live in. 他找到了一个居住的好房子。
The child has nothing to worry about. 这个孩子无忧无虑。
What did you open it with? 你用什么打开它？
如果不定式修饰time,place,way，可以省略介词：
He has no place to live. 他无处安身。
This is the best way to work out this problem. 这是解决这个问题的最好办法。
如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者，不定式可用主动式也可用被动式：
Have you got anything to send? 你要送什么东西吗？
Have you got anything to be sent? 你有什么东西需要送吗？
②说明所修饰名词的内容：
We have made a plan to finish the work. 我们制定了一个完成工作的计划。
③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语：
He is the first to get here. 他第一个来到这儿。
6．作状语：
①表目的：
He worked day and night to get the money. 他夜以继日地工作来赚钱。
She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. 她卖掉了自己的头发来买那条表链。
注意不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：
wrong：To save money,every means has been tried.
right：To save money,he has tried every means. 为了省钱，他使出了浑身解数。
wrong：To learn English well,a dictionary is needed.
right：To learn English well,he needs a dictionary. 为了学好英语，他需要一本词典。
②表结果(往往是与预期愿望相反的结果 意料之外)：常放在never only后
He arrived late only to find the train had gone. 他来晚了，只见火车已经走了。
I visited him only to find him out. 我去拜访他，只见他出去了。
③表原因：常放在形容词后面
They were very sad to hear the news. 他们听到这条新闻非常伤心。
④表程度：
It's too dark for us to see anything. 太暗了，我们什么也看不见。
The question is simple for him to answer. 这问题由他来回答是很简单的。
7．作目的状语：既可以放在句首，也可以放在句尾
To tell you the truth,I don't like the way he talked. 说实话，我不喜欢他讲话的方式。
8．不定式的省略：保留to省略do动词。
If you don't want to do it,you don't need to. 如果你不想做这件事，你就不必做。
9．不定式的并列：第二个不定式可省略to。
He wished to study medicine and become a doctor. 他希望学医并成为医生。
动名词本回答被提问者采纳