第1个回答 2020-05-08
一、冠词概述
冠词是虚词,它不能单独使用。只能附在一个名词上说明这个名词。冠词分为不定冠a(an)词和定冠词the。不定冠词一般表示泛指;定冠词一般表示特指。
二、不定冠词a(an)的用法
A.
不定冠词a(an)用于单数可数名词前。a用于辅音字母开始的词前;an用于元音字母开始的词前。如:a
girl
an
English
book
B.
不定冠词用来表示类别,指某一类人或某一类事物中的一个(泛指)。如:
His
father
is
a
doctor.
I
work
in
a
middle
school
in
Beijing.
C.
不定冠词用于单数可数名词前,可以表示其全类(泛指)。如:
An
English
teacher
teaches
the
students
how
to
learn
English.
三、定冠词the的用法
①
表示上文提到过的人或事物。
如:He
bought
an
English-Chinese
dictionary
this
morning.
The
dictionary
is
very
good.
②
用于单数可数名词前,表示整体或类别。
如:The
panda
is
a
rare
animal.
此句等于:A
panda
is
a
rare
animal.
=
Pandas
are
rare
animals.
③
用来表示世界上独一无二的事物。
如:the
sun,
the
moon,
the
sky,
the
earth,
the
world
④
用于表示阶级、党派的名词前。
如:the
Chinese
Communist
Party,
the
working
class
the
proletariat
无产阶级
⑤
常用于含有普通名词或形容词的专有名词前。
A.
用于许多江海,山脉,群岛等名词前:
The
Yellow
River
The
East
Sea
the
Himalayas
the
Pacific
Ocean
B.
用于由普通名词构成的国名:
The
People’s
Republic
of
China
the
United
States
C.
用于机关、团体、朝代、时代、报刊杂志等名词前:
the
United
Nations
the
State
Council
the
Tang
dynasty
the
People’s
Daily
the
Summer
Palace
the
Peace
Hotel
the
British
Museum
⑥
用于表示方位的名词前。
如:the
east
the
southwest
the
middle
the
Far
East
on
the
left
⑦
用于乐器名词前,但汉语拼音的乐器前不用冠词。
如:play
the
piano
play
the
violin
play
erhu
⑧
用于复数的姓氏前,表示两夫妇或全家,在此情况下,这类名词作复数对待。
如:When
we
got
there,
the
Lius
were
waiting
for
us.
The
Smiths
watch
TV
every
day.
⑨
用于某些形容词或过去分词前,表示一类人或事物。
如:the
poor
the
rich
the
living
the
young
the
wounded
the
oppressed
the
beautiful
⑩
用在形容词的最高级前或序数词前。
如:Shanghai
is
the
biggest
city
in
china.
After
the
game,
the
first
thing
they
wanted
to
do
was
to
take
a
hot
bath.
四、零冠词用法
①
表示某一类人或事物的复数名词前,不用冠词。
Now
people
are
living
a
happy
life.
Trees
are
planted
everywhere.
②
不含普通名词的专有名词,表示泛指的物质名词和抽象名词前,不用冠词。
We
are
studying
English.
He
is
leaving
for
America
this
year.
It
is
pleasant
to
walk
in
soft
snow.
Love
is
always
stronger
than
hatred.
③
名词前有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰,不用冠词。
I
like
this
picture
better.
Is
that
your
book?
Take
their
chairs
away!
I
do
not
have
any
money
on
me.
As
time
went
on,
Einstein’s
theory
proved
to
be
correct.
④
季节、月份、星期等名词前,一般不用冠词。
She
likes
spring
while
I
like
summer.
We
have
no
classes
on
Saturday.
The
Long
March
started
in
October
1934.
⑤
表示只有一人担任的职务、头衔的名词前,不用冠词。
We
have
elected
him
our
monitor.
⑥
三餐饭的名词前,一般不用冠词。
When
do
you
have
lunch?
After
supper
we
usually
take
a
walk.
⑦
节假日等名词前,不用冠词。
Children
all
wear
their
best
clothes
on
National
Day.
People
give
gifts
to
each
other
on
Christmas
Day.
注意:在eve后有of短语则要加定冠词:
on
the
eve
of
National
Day
on
the
eve
of
New
Year’s
Day
⑧
球类和棋类运动的名词前,不用冠词。
play
basketball
play
chess
⑨
作表语用表示程度的形容词最高级前,不用冠词。
Your
help
was
most
timely.
This
method
is
most
effective.
注意:如果有比较范围,形容词最高级前必须加定冠词:
Of
all
methods,
this
is
the
most
effective.
⑩
在某些固定词组里,名词前不用冠词。
on
foot
by
train/
boat
/
plane…
in
fact
as
a
matter
of
fact
in
class
in
church
in
danger
in
hospital
in
town
in
bed
at
home
at
school
at
daybreak
at
sunrise
at
dusk
at
sunset
at
night
at
noon
go
to
school
go
to
class
go
to
bed
from
morning
till
night
from
victory
to
victory
from
door
to
door
五、注意事项
①
当man作人类讲时,用零冠词。
Man
will
conquer
nature.
②
某些抽象名词具体化时是可数名词,其前可加a。surprise,
fire,
joy,
He
is
a
success
as
a
teacher.
Long
Jing
is
a
famous
tea
in
China.
③
a用于姓氏前表示某个只知道名字而不不熟悉的人。
A
Mr
Liu
is
waiting
to
see
you
outside.
④
在某些句型中可加a
It
is
a
pity
that
you
have
missed
the
chance.
It
is
a
shame
/
a
pleasure
/
a
honour
for
sb.
to
do
sth.
⑤
word
作消息讲时,用零冠词。
Word
came
that
he
would
go
abroad.gg