CPU主è¦çæ§è½ææ æ以ä¸å ç¹ï¼
ããï¼1ï¼ä¸»é¢ï¼ä¹å°±æ¯CPUçæ¶éé¢çï¼ç®åå°è¯´ä¹å°±æ¯CPUçå·¥ä½é¢çã
ããä¸è¬è¯´æ¥ï¼ä¸ä¸ªæ¶éå¨æå®æçæ令æ°æ¯åºå®çï¼æ以主é¢è¶é«ï¼CPUçé度ä¹å°±è¶å¿«äºãä¸è¿ç±äºåç§CPUçå
é¨ç»æä¹ä¸å°½ç¸åï¼æ以并ä¸è½å®å
¨ç¨ä¸»é¢æ¥æ¦æ¬CPUçæ§è½ãè³äºå¤é¢å°±æ¯ç³»ç»æ»çº¿çå·¥ä½é¢çï¼èåé¢åæ¯æCPUå¤é¢ä¸ä¸»é¢ç¸å·®çåæ°ãç¨å
¬å¼è¡¨ç¤ºå°±æ¯ï¼ä¸»é¢=å¤é¢Ãåé¢ãæ们é常说çèµæ¬433ãPIII 550é½æ¯æCPUç主é¢èè¨çã
ããï¼2ï¼å
åæ»çº¿é度æè
å«ç³»ç»æ»è·¯çº¿é度ï¼ä¸è¬çåäºCPUçå¤é¢ã
ããå
åæ»çº¿çé度对æ´ä¸ªç³»ç»æ§è½æ¥è¯´å¾éè¦ï¼ç±äºå
åé度çåå±æ»åäºCPUçåå±é度ï¼ä¸ºäºç¼è§£å
å带æ¥çç¶é¢ï¼æ以åºç°äºäºçº§ç¼åï¼æ¥åè°ä¸¤è
ä¹é´çå·®å¼ï¼èå
åæ»çº¿é度就æ¯æCPUä¸äºçº§(L2)é«éç¼ååå
åä¹é´çå·¥ä½é¢çã
ããï¼3ï¼å·¥ä½çµåãå·¥ä½çµåæçä¹å°±æ¯CPUæ£å¸¸å·¥ä½æéççµåã
ããæ©æCPUï¼386ã486ï¼ç±äºå·¥èºè½åï¼å®ä»¬çå·¥ä½çµåä¸è¬ä¸º5Vï¼åå±å°å¥è
¾586æ¶ï¼å·²ç»æ¯3.5V/3.3V/2.8Väºï¼éçCPUçå¶é å·¥èºä¸ä¸»é¢çæé«ï¼CPUçå·¥ä½çµåæéæ¥ä¸éçè¶å¿ï¼Intelææ°åºåçCoppermineå·²ç»éç¨1.6Vçå·¥ä½çµåäºãä½çµåè½è§£å³èçµè¿å¤§ååçè¿é«çé®é¢ï¼è¿å¯¹äºç¬è®°æ¬çµèå°¤å
¶éè¦ã
ããï¼4ï¼åå¤çå¨æè
å«æ°å¦åå¤çå¨ãå¨486以åçCPUéé¢ï¼æ¯æ²¡æå
ç½®åå¤çå¨çã
ããç±äºåå¤çå¨ä¸»è¦çåè½å°±æ¯è´è´£æµ®ç¹è¿ç®ï¼å æ¤386ã286ã8088ççå¾®æºCPUçæµ®ç¹è¿ç®æ§è½é½ç¸å½è½åï¼èªä»486以åï¼CPUä¸è¬é½å
ç½®äºåå¤çå¨ï¼åå¤çå¨çåè½ä¹ä¸åå±éäºå¢å¼ºæµ®ç¹è¿ç®ãç°å¨CPUçæµ®ç¹åå
ï¼åå¤çå¨ï¼å¾å¾å¯¹å¤åªä½æ令è¿è¡äºä¼åãæ¯å¦IntelçMMXææ¯ï¼MMXæ¯âå¤åªä½æ©å±æ令éâç缩åãMMXæ¯Intelå
¬å¸å¨1996年为å¢å¼ºPentium CPUå¨é³åãå¾å½¢åéä¿¡åºç¨æ¹é¢èéåçæ°ææ¯ã为CPUæ°å¢å 57æ¡MMXæ令ï¼æå¤çå¤åªä½çè½åæé«äº60ï¼
å·¦å³ã
ããï¼5ï¼æµæ°´çº¿ææ¯ãè¶
æ éãæµæ°´çº¿(pipeline)æ¯ Intelé¦æ¬¡å¨486è¯çä¸å¼å§ä½¿ç¨çã
ããæµæ°´çº¿çå·¥ä½æ¹å¼å°±è±¡å·¥ä¸ç产ä¸çè£
é
æµæ°´çº¿ãå¨CPUä¸ç±5~6个ä¸ååè½ççµè·¯åå
ç»æä¸æ¡æ令å¤çæµæ°´çº¿ï¼ç¶åå°ä¸æ¡X86æ令åæ5~6æ¥ååç±è¿äºçµè·¯åå
åå«æ§è¡ï¼è¿æ ·å°±è½å®ç°å¨ä¸ä¸ªCPUæ¶éå¨æå®æä¸æ¡æ令ï¼å æ¤æé«äºCPUçè¿ç®é度ãè¶
æµæ°´çº¿æ¯ææå CPUå
é¨çæµæ°´çº¿è¶
è¿é常ç5~6æ¥ä»¥ä¸ï¼ä¾å¦Pentium proçæµæ°´çº¿å°±é¿è¾¾14æ¥ãå°æµæ°´çº¿è®¾è®¡çæ¥(级)æ°è¶å¤ï¼å
¶å®æä¸æ¡æ令çé度è¶å¿«ï¼å æ¤æè½éåºå·¥ä½ä¸»é¢æ´é«çCPUãè¶
æ éæ¯æå¨ä¸ä¸ªæ¶éå¨æå
CPUå¯ä»¥æ§è¡ä¸æ¡ä»¥ä¸çæ令ãè¿å¨486æè
以åçCPUä¸æ¯å¾é¾æ³è±¡çï¼åªæPentium级以ä¸CPUæå
·æè¿ç§è¶
æ éç»æï¼è¿æ¯å 为ç°ä»£çCPUè¶æ¥è¶å¤çéç¨äºRISCææ¯ï¼æ以æä¼è¶
æ éçCPUã
ããï¼6ï¼ è¶
线ç¨(Hyper-Threading)ææ¯
ããå¯ä»¥åæ¶æ§è¡å¤é线ç¨ï¼å°±è½å¤è®©CPUåæ¥æ´å¤§æçï¼é£å°±æ¯è¶
线ç¨(Hyper-Threading)ææ¯ï¼è¶
线ç¨ææ¯åå°äºç³»ç»èµæºç浪费ï¼å¯ä»¥æä¸é¢CPU模ææ两é¢CPU使ç¨ï¼å¨åæ¶é´å
æ´ææå°å©ç¨èµæºæ¥æé«æ§è½ãã
ããï¼7ï¼å¶ç¨ææ¯ï¼Process Technologyï¼
ããå¶ç¨è¶å°åçéè¶å°ï¼è¿æ ·å°±å¯ä»¥éææ´å¤çæ¶ä½ç®¡ï¼CPUæçä¹å°±æ´é«ã
ããï¼8ï¼ä¹±åºæ§è¡ååæé¢æµï¼ä¹±åºæ§è¡æ¯æCPUéç¨äºå
许å°å¤æ¡æ令ä¸æç¨åºè§å®ç顺åºåå¼åéç»åç¸åºçµè·¯åå
å¤ççææ¯ã
ããåææ¯æç¨åºè¿è¡æ¶éè¦æ¹åçèç¹ãåæææ æ¡ä»¶åæåææ¡ä»¶åæï¼å
¶ä¸æ æ¡ä»¶åæåªéè¦CPUææ令顺åºæ§è¡ï¼èæ¡ä»¶åæåå¿
é¡»æ ¹æ®å¤çç»æåå³å®ç¨åºè¿è¡æ¹åæ¯å¦æ¹åï¼å æ¤éè¦âåæé¢æµâææ¯å¤ççæ¯æ¡ä»¶åæã
ããï¼9ï¼L1é«éç¼åï¼ä¹å°±æ¯æ们ç»å¸¸è¯´çä¸çº§é«éç¼åãå¨CPUéé¢å
ç½®äºé«éç¼åå¯ä»¥æé«CPUçè¿è¡æçã
ããå
ç½®çL1é«éç¼åç容éåç»æ对CPUçæ§è½å½±åè¾å¤§ï¼ä¸è¿é«éç¼å²åå¨å¨åç±éæRAMç»æï¼ç»æè¾å¤æï¼å¨CPU管è¯é¢ç§¯ä¸è½å¤ªå¤§çæ
åµä¸ï¼L1级é«éç¼åç容éä¸å¯è½åå¾å¤ªå¤§ãéç¨åå(Write Back)ç»æçé«éç¼åãå®å¯¹è¯»ååæä½åæå¯æä¾ç¼åãèéç¨åé(Write-through)ç»æçé«éç¼åï¼ä»
对读æä½ææãå¨486以ä¸ç计ç®æºä¸åºæ¬éç¨äºååå¼é«éç¼åã
ããï¼10ï¼L2é«éç¼åï¼æCPUå¤é¨çé«éç¼åã
ããé«éç¼åæ¯å
ç½®äºCPUç¨æ¥ç¼å²å¾
å¤ççæ°æ®ãç¼åè¶å¤§ï¼å¯ç¼åçæ°æ®è¶å¤ãä½æ¯L2Cacheï¼L2é«éç¼åï¼å¹¶ä¸æ¯è¶å¤§è¶å¥½ï¼è¶
è¿æä¸é¢å®æçæé«å¹¶ä¸ææ¾ãL2Cacheè¶å¤§ï¼åçç¸å¯¹å¢å é ææ°æ®å å å¨L2Cacheä¸ã
ããPentium Proå¤çå¨çL2åCPUè¿è¡å¨ç¸åé¢çä¸çï¼ä½ææ¬æè´µï¼æ以Pentium IIè¿è¡å¨ç¸å½äºCPUé¢çä¸åä¸çï¼å®¹é为512Kã为éä½ææ¬Intelå
¬å¸æ¾ç产äºä¸ç§ä¸å¸¦L2çCPUå为èµæ¬ã
ããï¼11ï¼å¶é å·¥èºã
ããPentium CPUçå¶é å·¥èºæ¯0.35å¾®ç±³ï¼ PIIåèµæ¬å¯ä»¥è¾¾å°0.25微米ï¼ææ°çCPUå¶é å·¥èºå¯ä»¥è¾¾å°0.18微米ï¼å¹¶ä¸å°éç¨éé
线ææ¯ï¼å¯ä»¥æ大å°æé«CPUçéæ度åå·¥ä½é¢ç,ç°å¨å¾å¤ç¬è®°æ¬çCPUå·²ç»éç¨äº65nmççåå·¥èºäºï¼å¨ä¸ä¹
çå°æ¥ï¼45nm,32nm,çè³æ´å°å°ºå¯¸çCPUè§æ ¼å°è¯çåºæ¥ã
温馨提示:答案为网友推荐,仅供参考