The Great Wall, also known as the Chinese Wall, is a series of fortifications made of stone, brick, tamped earth, wood, and other materials, generally built along an east-to-west line across the historical northern borders of China to protect the Chinese states and empires against the raids and invasions of the various nomadic groups of the Eurasian Steppe. The Great Wall stretches over 13,000 miles and was constructed over a period of more than 2,000 years, beginning in the 7th century BC and continuing through the Ming dynasty (1368-1644).
长城，又称中国长城，是一系列由石头、砖头、夯土、木材和其他材料构成的防御工事，通常沿着中国历史北部边境的东西向线建造，旨在保护中国各个国家和帝国免受欧亚大草原上各种游牧民族的袭击和入侵。长城全长超过13,000英里，建造历时超过2,000年，始于公元前7世纪，一直延续到明朝（1368-1644）。
The Great Wall is not a single continuous wall, but rather a series of walls, trenches, and natural barriers such as hills and rivers. The construction of the Great Wall was a massive undertaking that required the labor of millions of workers over many centuries. The Great Wall was not only a physical barrier, but also a symbol of the Chinese nation and its ability to defend itself against foreign invaders.
长城不是一道单一连续的墙，而是一系列的城墙、壕沟和自然屏障，如山丘和河流。修建长城是一项庞大的工程，需要数百万工人的劳动，历时数个世纪。长城不仅是一道物理屏障，也是中国民族的象征，以及其抵御外来入侵的能力的象征。
Today, the Great Wall is one of the most iconic landmarks in China and a popular tourist attraction. It has been recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1987. The Great Wall is not only a testament to China's rich history and culture, but also a symbol of human ingenuity and determination.
如今，长城是中国最具标志性的地标之一，也是一个受欢迎的旅游景点。自1987年以来，它被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。长城不仅是中国丰富历史和文化的证明，也是人类智慧和决心的象征。
