第1个回答 2008-06-21
Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle, DL (22 May 1859 – 7 July 1930) was a Scottish author most noted for his stories about the detective Sherlock Holmes, which are generally considered a major innovation in the field of crime fiction, and for the adventures of Professor Challenger. He was a prolific writer whose other works include science fiction stories, historical novels, plays and romances, poetry, and non-fiction.
Arthur Conan Doyle was born on 22 May 1859, in Edinburgh, Scotland, to an English father, Charles Altamont Doyle, and an Irish mother, née Mary Foley, who had married in 1855.[1] Although he is now referred to as "Conan Doyle", the origin of this compound surname is uncertain.[2] Conan Doyle's father was an artist, as were his paternal uncles (one of whom was Richard Doyle), and his paternal grandfather John Doyle.
Conan Doyle was sent to the Roman Catholic Jesuit preparatory school Hodder Place, Stonyhurst, at the age of eight. He then went on to Stonyhurst College, but by the time he left the school in 1875, he had rejected Christianity to become an agnostic.
From 1876 to 1881 he studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh, including a period working in the town of Aston (now a district of Birmingham). While studying, he also began writing short stories; his first published story appeared in Chambers's Edinburgh Journal before he was 20.[3] Following his term at university, he served as a ship's doctor on a voyage to the West African coast. He completed his doctorate on the subject of tabes dorsalis in 1885.[4]
In 1882, he joined former classmate George Budd as his partner at a medical practice in Plymouth, but their relationship proved difficult, and Conan Doyle soon left to set up an independent practice.[5] Arriving in Portsmouth in June of that year with less than £10 to his name, he set up a medical practice at 1 Bush Villas in Elm Grove, Southsea.[6] The practice was initially not very successful; while waiting for patients, he again began writing stories. His first significant work was A Study in Scarlet, which appeared in Beeton's Christmas Annual for 1887 and featured the first appearance of Sherlock Holmes, who was partially modelled after his former university professor, Joseph Bell. Future short stories featuring Sherlock Holmes were published in the English Strand Magazine. Interestingly, Rudyard Kipling congratulated Conan Doyle on his success, asking "Could this be my old friend, Dr. Joe?" Sherlock Holmes, however, was even more closely modelled after the famous Edgar Allan Poe character, C. Auguste Dupin.[7]
While living in Southsea he played football for an amateur side, Portsmouth Association Football Club, as a goalkeeper. (This club disbanded in 1894 and had no connection with the Portsmouth F.C. of today, which was founded in 1898.) Conan Doyle was also a keen cricketer, and between 1900 and 1907 he played 10 first-class matches for the MCC. His highest score was 43 against London County in 1902. He was an occasional bowler who took just one first-class wicket.
In 1885, he married Louisa (or Louise) Hawkins, known as "Touie", who suffered from tuberculosis and died on 4 July 1906.[8] He married Jean Leckie in 1907, whom he had first met and fallen in love with in 1897 but had maintained a platonic relationship with her out of loyalty to his first wife. Conan Doyle had five children, two with his first wife (Mary Louise (born 1889) and Alleyne Kingsley (1892 – 1918)) and three with his second wife (Jean Lena Annette, Denis Percy Stewart (17 March 1909 – 9 March 1955), second husband in 1936 of Georgian Princess Nina Mdivani (circa 1910 – 19 February 1987) (former sister-in-law of Barbara Hutton), and Adrian Malcolm).
In 1890, Conan Doyle studied the eye in Vienna; he moved to London in 1891 to set up a practice as an ophthalmologist. He wrote in his autobiography that not a single patient crossed his door. This gave him more time for writing, and in November 1891 he wrote to his mother: "I think of slaying Holmes... and winding him up for good and all. He takes my mind from better things." His mother responded, saying, "You may do what you deem fit, but the crowds will not take this lightheartedly." In December 1893, he did so in order to dedicate more of his time to more "important" works (his historical novels).
Holmes and Moriarty apparently plunged to their deaths together down a waterfall in the story, "The Final Problem". Public outcry led him to bring the character back; Conan Doyle returned to the story in "The Adventure of the Empty House", with the explanation that only Moriarty had fallen but, since Holmes had other dangerous enemies, he had arranged to be temporarily "dead" also. Holmes ultimately appears in a total of 56 short stories and four Conan Doyle novels (he has since appeared in many novels and stories by other authors).
Following the Boer War in South Africa at the turn of the 20th century and the condemnation from around the world over the United Kingdom's conduct, Conan Doyle wrote a short pamphlet titled, The War in South Africa: Its Cause and Conduct, which justified the UK's role in the Boer war, and was widely translated.
Conan Doyle believed that it was this pamphlet that resulted in 1902 in his being knighted and appointed Deputy-Lieutenant of Surrey. He also in 1900 wrote the longer book, The Great Boer War. During the early years of the 20th century, Sir Arthur twice ran for Parliament as a Liberal Unionist, once in Edinburgh and once in the Hawick Burghs, but although he received a respectable vote he was not elected.
Conan Doyle was involved in the campaign for the reform of the Congo Free State, led by the journalist E. D. Morel and the diplomat Roger Casement. He wrote The Crime of the Congo in 1909, a long pamphlet in which he denounced the horrors in that country. He became acquainted with Morel and Casement, taking inspiration from them for two of the main characters in the novel, The Lost World (1912).
He broke with both when Morel became one of the leaders of the pacifist movement during the First World War, and when Casement committed treason against the UK during the Easter Rising out of conviction for his Irish nationalist views. Conan Doyle tried, unsuccessfully, to save Casement from the death penalty, arguing that he had been driven mad and was not responsible for his actions.
Conan Doyle was also a fervent advocate of justice, and personally investigated two closed cases, which led to two imprisoned men being released. The first case, in 1906, involved a shy half-British, half-Indian lawyer named George Edalji, who had allegedly penned threatening letters and mutilated animals. Police were set on Edalji's conviction, even though the mutilations continued after their suspect was jailed.
It was partially as a result of this case that the Court of Criminal Appeal was established in 1907, so not only did Conan Doyle help George Edalji, his work helped establish a way to correct other miscarriages of justice. The story of Conan Doyle and Edalji is told in fictional form in Julian Barnes' 2005 novel, Arthur & George.
The second case, that of Oscar Slater, a German Jew and gambling-den operator convicted of bludgeoning an 82-year-old woman in Glasgow in 1908, excited Conan Doyle's curiosity because of inconsistencies in the prosecution case and a general sense that Slater was framed.
After the death of his wife Louisa in 1906, and the deaths of his son Kingsley, his brother Innes, his two brothers-in-law (one of whom was E W Hornung, the creator of the literary character Raffles), and his two nephews shortly after World War I, Conan Doyle sank into depression. He found solace supporting Spiritualism and its alleged scientific proof of existence beyond the grave.
According to the History Channel program Houdini: Unlocking the Mystery (which briefly explored the friendship between the two), Conan Doyle became involved with Spiritualism after the deaths of his son and his brother. Kingsley Doyle died from pneumonia on 28 October 1918, which he contracted during his convalescence after being seriously wounded during the 1916 Battle of the Somme. Brigadier-General Innes Doyle died in February 1919, also from pneumonia. Sir Arthur became involved with Spiritualism to the extent that he wrote a Professor Challenger novel on the subject, The Land of Mist.
His book, The Coming of the Fairies (1921) shows he was apparently convinced of the veracity of the Cottingley Fairies photographs, which he reproduced in the book, together with theories about the nature and existence of fairies and spirits.
In his The History of Spiritualism (1926) Conan Doyle praised the psychic phenomena and spirit materialisations produced by Eusapia Palladino and Mina "Margery" Crandon.[9]
His work on this topic was one of the reasons that one of his short story collections, The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, was banned in the Soviet Union in 1929 for supposed occultism. This ban was later lifted. Russian actor Vasily Livanov later received an Order of the British Empire for his portrayal of Sherlock Holmes.
Conan Doyle was friends for a time with the American magician Harry Houdini, who himself became a prominent opponent of the Spiritualist movement in the 1920s following the death of his beloved mother. Although Houdini insisted that Spiritualist mediums employed trickery (and consistently attempted to expose them as frauds), Conan Doyle became convinced that Houdini himself possessed supernatural powers, a view expressed in Conan Doyle's The Edge of the Unknown. Houdini was apparently unable to convince Conan Doyle that his feats were simply magic tricks, leading to a bitter public falling out between the two...........本回答被提问者采纳
第3个回答 2008-06-30
1、Conan Edogawa
After being discovered snooping around the shady business of a pair of criminals, Jimmy Kudo is given an experimental drug that transforms the teen sleuth to childhood size! Luckily Jimmy retained his intelligence and panache for solving the most difficult of crimes. Not wanting to reveal his true identity, Jimmy adopts the name Conan in honor of the creator of his hero, Sherlock Holmes. As Conan this pint sized detective is able to gather clues that the police and Detective Richard Moore, the bumbling P.I. Conan lives with, are unable to see. Although Conan takes great pleasure in solving crimes, he yearns to uncover the clues behind the "Men in Black" that forced him to take the experimental drug that forever changed his life.
2、Jimmy Kudo 新一
Jimmy Kudo is widely regarded as one of the top detectives in the land..and he is only in high school! The police often solicit his services, albeit sometimes unwillingly, in their efforts to solve difficult cases. Despite his age, Jimmy gets results, and his confidence is clearly evident. Jimmy is a top athlete as well, often relying on his physical abilities to apprehend a crook. His father is a famous writer of detective novels, a fact that is inseparable from his career choice and his choice of personal hero, the one and only Sherlock Holmes.
3、Rachel Moore 兰
After Jimmy's mysterious disappearance, the happy go lucky girl decides to help take care of the young stranger, Conan, who claims to be a distant relative of the lost Jimmy. Rachel is fearless in the face of danger and always willing to lend a helping hand in the detective work of her father, Richard. She keeps a close eye on Conan in the hopes of keeping him out of trouble and because she sees many of Jimmy's traits in the young boy. Just as with Jimmy, Rachel is never shy about putting Conan in his place because of his age as well as scolding her father for his lazy habits. She is also a student of martial arts, a skill that helps keep her out of many jams.
江户川柯南 Conan EDOGAWA
Conan, who has the physical appearance of elementary school kid, is in reality Shinichi Kudo, a high schooler who is equivalent to a modern Sherlock Holmes. One night, Shinichi Kudo was discovered eavesdropping into criminal activity. He was caught and beaten by the criminals. In order not to disturb the police, the criminals forced Shinichi to consume a newly invented pill that was designed to kill anyone without a trace. However, the drug failed, and instead of killing Shinichi, it turned him into a small kid! From then on, Shinichi resumes a totally different identity under Conan Edogawa. Conan befriends Ayumi, Genta, and Mitsuhiko. Together, they form the Detective Boys team.
工藤新一 Shinichi KUDO
Shinichi, a high school student, is equivalent to a modern Sherlock Holmes. However, he turns into a small kid after being forced into consuming a deadly pill. He is professional at soccer and uses his soccer practice to train his body and mind. His close friends include another high schooler, Ran Mouri, and his next door neighbor and inventor, Dr. Agasa. All the high school girls swoon Shinichi, which often makes Ran jealous.
毛利兰 Ran MOURI
Ran, who is high school friends with Shinichi, was with him on the night that he disappeared. Later, she accidentally stumbles into Conan and adopts him. She doesn't know that Conan really is Shinichi even though she eventually suspects it. Ran is trained in martial arts and often uses her skills to help defeat criminals. Ran lives with her dad, Kogoro Mouri, a detective who isn't quite bright.
灰原哀 Ai HAIBARA/sherry
A fan favorite, this mysterious little girl is just plain mysterious and quiet. She, like Conan, also took the APTX-4869 pill (she used to be a woman with the codename of Sherry among other names). So, it might as well be that she's in serious danger if the members of the Black Organization ever come lurking around! There's also a lot of indication/talk on whether she likes Shinich/Conan or not. So, things do get interesting in the ongoing love-triangles.
怪盗基德 KID
A genius theif who is also a worthy rival and enemy of Conan/Shinichi. I guess it shouldn't be that much of a surprise since he looks almost identical to Shinichi. He loves to steal things that are hard to get (especially jewelry) and doesn't mind in dwelling into risky adventures along the way. Will he ever get caught by Conan/Shinichi? We may never know.
少年侦探队 DETECTIVE BOYS
吉田步美 Ayumi YOSHIDA
Ayumi is a member of the Detective Boys team. She is very playful and friendly but often leads the whole group into trouble. However, she is so KAWAII! She likes Conan.
圆谷光彦 Mitsuhiko TSUBURAYA
Mitsuhiko is a member of the Detective Boys team. He is very science oriented. He usually doesn't cause much trouble and is often a great candidate to have in an adventure. Doesn't his voice sound more like a girl? He also likes Ayumi
小岛元太 Genta KOJIMA
Genta is a member of the Detective Boys team. He is strong but often foolish. He adores food and fun stuff in general. He proved very useful in several episodes. He likes Ayumi.
服部平次 Heiji HATTORI
A very worthy rival of Shinichi who figures out about the Shinichi/Conan's identity (that's how good he is!). At least it was kind of him to keep it under wraps. Anyway, he eventually befriends Conan and the two teamwork together to solve a ton of amazing mysteries. Lastly, he's from Osaka (dark skin anybody?).
远山和叶 Kzuha TOYAMA
Kazuha is Heiji's girlfriend. Since, of course, Heiji befriends Conan, Kazuha is, likewise, friends with Ran. She's in a bunch of those all-star episodes. So seeing her onscreen is always a good thing.
铃木园子 Snoko SUZUKI
Ran's best friend and highschool classmate. Very romantic (but unlucky in love I might add). She is often used by Conan (in an unconscious state of course) to explain the solutions to mysteries. She comes from a very wealthy family. Watch out for her more normal sister, Ayako, who also appears in a few major episodes!
毛利小五郎 Kogoro MOURI
Kogoro Mouri is the father of Ran Mouri. He is a detective whose business was doing badly after losing potential customers to Shinichi. However, when Shinichi disappeared, Kogoro's business as well as fame soared. In reality, it was Conan who would figure out all the cases and give credit to Kogoro. Besides not being a very intelligent detective, Kogoro also lives a sloppy lifestyle. But once you get to know him, he can be really funny.
妃英理 Eri KISAKI
Ran's mom and a very intelligent lawyer. She is divorced from Ran's father Kogoro (any questions...? She plays a major part in several episodes and movies. It seems that whether or not she will get back with Kogoro has been an on and off question. Probably not since Kogoro happens to be easily attracted to famous/good looking females (for example, the model/singer Yoko Okino).
阿笠博士 Hiroshi AGASA
Dr. Agasa is Shinichi's neighbor, friend, and inventor. After Shinichi gets drugged and shrinks into a elementary kid, Shinichi first goes to Agasa for help. From then on, both Agasa and Conan share the secret of Conan's true identity. In addition, Agasa often helps Conan solve cases by inventing cool gadgets for Conan to use.
工藤优作 Yusaku KUDO
He's the father of Shinichi/Conan. His career is writing detective stories. He apparently does such a good job of this that women will crowd around him whenever he's in public (making his wife Yukiko jealous - that's the price you pay for being famous). He also seems to cause a lot of unprecedented surprises in several of the mysterious (especially at the climax).
目暮十三 Juzo MEGURE
Megure is often at crime scenes with Shinichi or Kogoro. He is there to sort out all the evidence as well as to make the necessary arrests. It is often he who the Detective Boys report problems to.
白鸟任三郎 Ninzaburo SHIRAITORI
A police officer who appears in several episodes (early, middle, and as well as late). He's not shabby when it comes to solving crimes. His affections for Officer Sato cause some tension between him and officer Takagi.
高木涉 Wataru TKAGI
Takagi is just an ordinary officer under Megure's command. He's not smart or dumb, just your plain decent citizen. He is greatly helped by Conan (no, he doesn't know the secret yet). Oh yeah, it seems he has a crush on his co-officer Sato
佐藤美加子 Miwako SATO
An female officer whose kicks and punches are something that criminals need to watch out for. On top of that, she's much smarter than the average officer. She apparently is hot, otherwise why do you have the whole police force panicked whenever she's in trouble?
琴酒 GIN
One of the evil members of the Black Organization. He was directly responsible for hitting Shinichi with a stick and then shrinking Shinichi to a kid with the APTX-4869 pill. Has a habit of smoking which contributes to his scariness.
伏特加 Vodka
One of the evil members of the Black Organization that was there when buddy Gin shrunk Shinichi to Conan. I guess you can't judge an enemy by how not-so-detailed they look! Heck, Vodka was the one that suggested shooting Shinichi in the first place (which probably would have ended their troubles once and for all, but then there wouldn't be a Conan show so never mind).
JODIE Jodie SAINTEMILION
Jodie is the new English teacher for Ran and Sonoko's class. But she's not any ordinary being, as she seems to have some link to the Black Organization. Her English accent isn't that great. So, this mirror definitly has two faces. Is she good or bad?